7 (+1) mabhiriji anoshamisa uye ane hunyanzvi munyika

Isu tinokupa iwe mabasa makuru einjiniya art - mabhiriji, ari maparera epasi rose. Aya ndiwo mamwe-e-a-mhando mabasa akagadzirwa nevagadziri vane mukurumbira pasi rose uye mainjiniya vachishandisa mhinduro dzese dzazvino. Heino wongororo yedu.

Bang Na Expressway Viaduct (Bangkok, Thailand)

Iyi nzira mitanhatu yeBangkok inogona kunge iri iyo yakareba kana imwe yemabhiriji akareba pasi rose. Zvisinei, mamwe mabhiriji akayera haatarise izvi, sezvo kune mazhinji ehurefu hwaro haayambuka mvura, kunyangwe achitevedza rwizi uye migero midiki yakati wandei. Chero zvazvingaitika, chirongwa ichi, hongu, chinogona kutorwa seyakareba kudarika viaduct.

Iyi inzira inobhadharisa inopfuura nepamusoro peNational Highway 34 (Na-Bang Bang Pakong Road) pane viaduct (multi-span bridge) ine avhareji ye span yemamita 42. Iyo viaduct inokwira 27 m uye yakavakwa muna Kurume 2000. kuvaka kwakatora 1 m kongiri.

Blackfriars Solar Bridges (London) uye Kurilpa Bridge (Brisbane)

Blackfriars ibhiriji pamusoro peThames muLondon, 303 metres kureba uye 32 metres yakafara (yaimbova 21 metres). Yakagadzirwa nechimiro cheItalian, yakavakwa neraimu, yakatumidzwa zita rekuti William Pitt Bridge mushure meMutungamiriri wenguva iyoyo William Pitt uye yakabhadharwa kubva pakavhurwa. Yakapedzwa muna 1869. Kugadziridza kwakaitwa mumakore achangopfuura kwave kuri kuvhara chivako nedenga rakagadzirwa nemagetsi ezuva. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzvimbo yemagetsi ine nzvimbo ye4,4 zviuru zvemamita yakavakwa pakati peguta. m. photovoltaic masero anopa simba rinodiwa pakushanda kwezvivako zvechitima. Nzvimbo iyi, yakafukidzwa nemagetsi ezuva, inogadzira 900 kWh yesimba, uye chimiro chayo chinoshandiswawo kubata nekukohwa mvura inonaya. Ndiro bhiriji gurusa rerudzi rwaro pasi rose.

Nekudaro, chinonyanya kushamisa mukirasi iyi ingangove tambo-yakagara Kurilpa Bridge (yakamiswa) (mufananidzo uri pamusoro), kune vanofamba netsoka nevatyairi vemabhasikoro, mhiri kweRwizi rweBrisbane. Yakapinda mubasa muna 2009 pamutengo weA $ 63 mamiriyoni. Iyo yakareba 470 m uye 6,5 m yakafara uye chikamu cheguta rekufamba nekuchovha bhasikoro. Yakagadzirwa neDanish hofisi yeArup Engineers. Yakavhenekerwa uchishandisa tekinoroji ye LED. Simba rinobva ku54 solar panel akaiswa pabhiriji.

Alamillo Bridge (Seville, Spain)

Bhiriji rekumiswa muSeville, rinotambanudzira mhiri kweRwizi rweGuadalquivir, rakagadzirirwa kuratidzwa kweEXPO 92. Yaifanirwa kubatanidza chitsuwa cheLa Cartuja neguta uko kuratidzwa kwakarongwa. Ibhiriji rakamiswa remu cantilever rine pyloni imwe chete inoyera kureba kwemamita mazana maviri, ine tambo gumi nenhatu dzesimbi dzehurefu hwakasiyana. Yakagadzirwa neanozivikanwa enjiniya weSpanish uye mugadziri Santiago Calatrava. Kuvakwa kwebhiriji kwakatanga muna 200 uye kwakapedzwa muna 1989.

Helix Bridge (Singapore)

Zambuko rekufamba netsoka reHelix Bridge rakapedzwa muna 2010. Inotambanudzira pamusoro pemvura muSingapore's Marina Bay, inova nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba yepakati peSingapore. Chinhu chacho chine makoiri maviri esimbi asina tsvina anopindirana, achitevedzera DNA yevanhu. PaWorld Festival of Architecture muBarcelona, ​​​​yaizivikanwa seyakanakisa nzvimbo yekufambisa munyika.

Bhiriji, 280 metres kureba, rakagadzirwa zvachose nesimbi isina tsvina, asi manheru rinopenya nezviuru zvemavara, nekuti chimiro charo chose chine mwenje we LED, ndiko kuti, marabhoni akareruka akatenderedza zambuko revanofamba netsoka. Kumwe kukwezva kwebhiriji kune mana ekuona mapuratifomu - muchimiro chepuratifomu akaoneswa kunze, kubva kwaunogona kuyemura panorama yeMarina Bay, izere ne skyscrapers.

Banpo Bridge (Seoul, South Korea)

Banpo yakavakwa muna 1982 pahwaro hwerimwe bhiriji. Inomhanya ichitevedza Rwizi rweHan, ichibatanidza Seoul's Seocho uye Yongsan matunhu. Chimiro chechimiro cheiyo Moon Rainbow Fountain, iyo inoita 1140 m kureba chimiro chitubu chakareba kwazvo pasirese. 9380 190 majeti emvura parutivi rumwe norumwe rwepier apfapfaidza matani makumi mana nematatu emvura akayamwa kubva murwizi paminiti. Uyu unopisa pahurefu hunosvika 43 m, uye nzizi dzinogona kutora maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana (somuenzaniso, mashizha anodonha), ayo, akabatanidzwa nekuvhenekera kwezviuru zve10 ma LED ane mavara mazhinji uye mimhanzi inoperekedza, inopa zvinoshamisa mhedzisiro.

Zambuko pamusoro peRwizi Xidu (China)

Sidu River Bridge ibhiriji rakamiswa riri padyo neguta reYesanguan. Chimiro chiri pamusoro peMupata weRwizi Xidu chikamu cheG50 Shanghai-Chongqing Expressway, 1900 km kureba. Zambuko iri rakagadzirwa uye kuvakwa neSecond Highway Consultants Company Limited. Mari yekuvaka yaive US$100 miriyoni. Kuvhurwa zviri pamutemo kwechivako ichi kwakaitika munaNovember 15, 2009.

Zambuko rinoyambuka Rwizi rweSid ndechimwe chezvivakwa zvakareba pamusoro penyika kana mvura. Chinhambwe chepamusoro pebhiriji kubva pasi pemupata 496 m, kureba - 1222 m, hupamhi - 24,5 m. Chimiro chine shongwe mbiri dzakaita H (kumabvazuva - 118 m, kumadokero - 122 m). ) Tambo dzakarembera pakati peshongwe dzakarukwa kubva pamasvinga zana nemakumi maviri nemanomwe ewaya zana nemakumi maviri nemanomwe ane dhayamita ye127 mm imwe neimwe, pahwerengedzo inosvika 127 waya. Chikuva chekutakura chine zvinhu makumi manomwe nechimwe. Matrusses akareba 5,1 m uye 16 m paupamhi.

Sheikh Rashid bin Said Kuyambuka (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)

Kana yapedzwa, chimiro ichi chichava bhiriji refu kwazvo pasi rose. Yakagadzirwa neNew York-yakavakirwa FXFOWLE Architects uye yakatumirwa neDubai Migwagwa uye Transportation Authority. Chimiro ichi chine mabhiriji maviri akachinjika akayambuka nechitsuwa chekugadzira chine amphitheatre, chiteshi chechikepe uye Dubai Opera. Zambuko racho rakarongwa kuva nemigwagwa mitanhatu yemotokari munzira imwe neimwe (20 23 motokari paawa), nzira mbiri dzeZelensky metro line iri kuvakwa (667 64 vafambi neawa) uye nzira dzevanofamba netsoka. Nzvimbo huru yegadziriro iyi ine span ye 15m uye hupamhi hwebhiriji hunosvika mamita 190. Chikamu chezasi chechimiro chiri XNUMXm pamusoro pemvura uye kiyi ye arch inokwira kusvika mamita XNUMX. Bhiriji richabatanidza El Jaddaf neBur. Dubai. Sezvineiwo, kupenya kwekupenya kwayo kuchaenderana nekupenya kwemwedzi. Kupenya kwemwedzi ndiko kuwedzera kupenya kwaro zambuko pacharo richapenya.