World Airports 2020

PL Los Angeles yakashandira 28,78 miriyoni vafambi uye yakarasikirwa nevanhu 59,3 miriyoni (-67,3%) zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza American Airlines B787 pane imwe yendege dzayo kuenda kuairport.

Mugore renhamo ra2020, nhandare dzendege dzepasi rose dzakashandira vanhu 3,36 bhiriyoni uye matani 109 miriyoni ekutakura zvinhu, uye ndege dzekufambisa mashoko dzakaita 58 miriyoni yekusimuka nekumhara. Zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, kufamba nendege kwakadzikira ne -63,3%, -8,9% uye -43%, zvichiteerana. Pakave neshanduko dzinoshamisa pakurongeka kwenhandare dzendege hombe, uye mhedzisiro yehuwandu yakaratidza kukanganisa kwedenda re coronavirus pabasa ravo. Zviteshi zvakakura zvevafambi iChinese Guangzhou (43,8 miriyoni vafambi), Atlanta (42,9 miriyoni vafambi), Chengdu, Dallas-Fort Worth neShenzhen, uye zviteshi zvekutakura zvinhu: Memphis (4,5 miriyoni matani), Hong Kong ( 4,6 miriyoni matani evatakuri), Shanghai. , Anchorage uye Louisville.

Musika wekufambisa kwemhepo unobata basa rakakosha mukusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika, chiri chinhu chisingaperi chenzanga yanhasi. Kufamba kwemhepo mune mamwe matunhu epasi kunogovaniswa zvisina kuenzana uye kunotsamira zvakanyanya padanho rehupfumi hwenyika (chiteshi chikuru cheAsia kana cheAmerica chine traffic yakawanda yekutakura zvinhu kupfuura zviteshi zvese zvemuAfrica zvakasanganiswa). Nhaurirano dzendege uye nhandare dzendege dzinoshanda pazviri chinhu chakakosha pamusika. Kune dzinenge 2500 dzadzo dziri kushanda, kubva kune huru, dzinoshanda mazana endege zuva nezuva, kusvika kune diki, kwadzinomhara zvishoma nezvishoma.

Nhaurirano dzendege dzinonyanya kuwanikwa padyo nemaguta, uye nekuda kwekuchengetedza zvinodiwa, nzvimbo huru uye kukanganiswa kweruzha, dzinowanzo kuwanikwa kure kure nepakati pavo (paavhareji muEurope - 18,6 km). Nzvimbo huru dzendege dzendege dzepasirese dzepasirese nenzvimbo dzinoti: Saudi Arabia Dammam King Fahd (776 km²), Denver (136 km²), Istanbul (76 km²), Texas Dallas-Fort Worth (70 km²), Orlando (54 km²). Washington Dulles (49 km²), Houston George Bush (44 km²), Shanghai Pudong (40 km²), Cairo (36 km²) and Bangkok Suvarnabhumi (32 km²). Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nekushanda uye tekinoroji hunhu uye kugona kushandira mamwe marudzi endege, nhandare dzendege dzinoiswa maererano nehurongwa hwereferenzi makodhi. Inosanganisira nhamba uye tsamba, iyo nhamba kubva ku1 kusvika ku4 inomiririra kureba kwenzira yekumhanya, uye mabhii kubva kuA kusvika kuF anosarudza maitiro ekugadzira ndege. Imwe nhandare yendege inokwanisa kubata Boeing 737 ndege inofanirwa kuve nereferensi kodhi ye3C (runway 1200-1800m).

Makodhi anopihwa neICAO Organisation uye IATA Air Carriers Association anoshandiswa kuratidza nzvimbo yenhandare dzendege nemadoko. ICAO makodhi makodhi mana-mavara, iyo yekutanga tsamba iyo chikamu chenyika, yechipiri inzvimbo yekutonga kana nyika, uye maviri ekupedzisira ndiko kuzivikanwa kweyakapihwa airport (semuenzaniso, EPWA - Europe, Poland, Warsaw). IATA makodhi ane mavara matatu-makodhi uye anowanzo anoreva zita reguta iro chiteshi chiri (semuenzaniso, OSL - Oslo) kana zita chairo (semuenzaniso, CDG - Paris, Charles de Gaulle).

Nhandare huru yepasirese yeChina, Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, yakashanda vapfuuri 43,76 miriyoni (-40,5%). Nekuda kwemhedzisiro yakaipisisa yemamwe madoko, yasimuka gumi munzvimbo dzepasirese. China South Line A10 pamberi pechiteshi chechiteshi.

Sangano rinobatanidza nhandare dzendege munyika ndeye ACI Airports Council International, yakavambwa muna 1991. Inomiririra zvavanofarira munhaurirano uye nhaurirano ne: masangano epasi rose (semuenzaniso, ICAO, IATA neEurocontrol), ndege, masevhisi ekufambisa kwendege, inovandudza zviyero zvebasa rendege yendege. Muna Ndira 2021, 701 vanoshanda vakabata ACI, vachishanda 1933 nhandare dzendege munyika zana nemakumi masere nenhatu. 183% yemigwagwa yenyika inoitika ikoko, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kufunga nezvehuwandu hwesangano iri semumiriri wezvese kufambiswa kwendege. ACI World inotungamirwa muMontreal uye inotsigirwa nemakomiti akasarudzika nemauto, pamwe nemahofisi mashanu ematunhu.

Muna 2019, mari dzepanhandare yendege dzakasvika mabhiriyoni zana nemakumi masere nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora, kusanganisira: madhora mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu. kubva kuzviitiko zvekubhururuka nendege (semuenzaniso, mubhadharo wekubata vafambi uye kutakura zvinhu, kumhara uye kupaka) uye $180,9 bhiriyoni. kubva kune zvisiri zveaeronautical zviitiko (semuenzaniso, kupa masevhisi, catering, kupaka uye kurenda kwenzvimbo).

Nhamba dzekufamba nendege 2020

Gore rakapera, nhandare dzendege dzepasi rose dzakashandira 3,36 bhiriyoni vafambi, i.e. 5,8 bhiriyoni pasi pegore rapfuura. Nokudaro, kuderera kwekutakura kwekutakura kwakasvika -63,3%, uye yepamusoro-soro yakanyorwa mumateshi eEurope (-69,7%) uye Middle East (-68,8%). Mumisika miviri mikuru yeAsia neNorth America, traffic yevafambi yakadzikira ne -59,8% uye -61,3%, zvichiteerana. Mukutaura kwenhamba, nhamba huru yevafambi yakarasika muzviteshi zveAsia nePacific Islands (-2,0 bhiriyoni vafambi), Europe (-1,7 bhiriyoni vafambi) uye North America.

Mumwedzi miviri yekutanga ya2020, ndege munyika zhinji dzakaitwa pasina zvirambidzo zvakakura, uye zviteshi zvakashandira vafambi 1592 miriyoni chikamu chino, vachiverengera 47,7% yemugumisiro wepagore. Mumwedzi yakatevera, kushanda kwavo kwakaratidzwa nefungu rekutanga redenda rekoronavirus, apo kuvharika (kuvharirwa) uye zvirambidzo zvekufamba nendege zvakaunzwa munyika zhinji. Chikamu chechipiri chakapera nevafambi vane miriyoni gumi nesere, inova 251% yemugumisiro wekota wegore rapfuura (10,8 2318 miriyoni vafambi-vafambi). Muchokwadi, musika wekutakura mhepo wakamira kushanda, uye madonhwe makuru ekota muhuwandu hwemotokari akanyorwa mumachiteshi anotevera: Africa (-97,3%), Middle East (-96,3%) neEurope. Kubva pakati pegore, traffic yatangazve zvishoma nezvishoma. Nekudaro, nekusvika kwechikamu chechipiri chedenda uye kuunzwa kwezvimwe zvirambidzo kudzivirira kupararira kweCovid-19, kufamba nendege kwadzikira zvakare. Muchikamu chechitatu, nhandare dzendege dzakashandira 737 miriyoni vafambi, iyo yakaverengera 22% yemhedzisiro yegore. Zvichienderana nenguva yakafanana yegore rapfuura, kuderera kukuru kwekota kwekutakura kwekutakura zvinhu kwakazonyorwa mumachiteshi anotevera: Middle East (-85,4%), Africa (-82,9%) neSouth America. Nhandare dzendege dzakabata vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 779 muchikamu chechina, uye kufamba nendege munyika dzakasarudzwa kwakakanganiswa nezvirambidzo zvekufamba. Zviteshi zvemuEurope zvakaona kuderera kukuru kwekota kwevatyairi, pa -78,3%, nepo zviteshi zveAsia nePacific Islands (-58,5%) neSouth America zvakawana kurasikirwa kushoma.