Test drive Alfa Spider, Mazda MX-5 uye MGB: kugamuchirwa kukirabhu
Migwagwa mitatu ine XNUMX% yakavimbiswa mafaro emugwagwa
Diki, yakareruka uye ine mhepo, iyo MX-5 inomiririra iyo roadster yakanaka - chikonzero chakakwana kutora Japanese-seater parwendo rwemugwagwa ine mbiri dzakanyatsogadziriswa mhando mumhando.
Sekureva kwevamwe, modhi iyi inofanirwa kuramba ichienderera kwemamwe makore mashoma kusvika yatora nzvimbo yayo chaiyo munyika yemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro padanho nemhando dzayo dzenhoroondo. Zvisinei, tinotenda kuti "Mazda MX-5" inoda chimiro chakakomba - uye kunyange nhasi. Panguva imwecheteyo, hazvibviri kusaziva kukosha kwevagadziri vayo. Nokuti kugadzirwa kwemotokari muma80s, rudzi rwayo runonzi rwakaparara mumakore gumi aya, chiratidzo cheushingi hukuru.
Mazda MX-5 inokwikwidza nemagadzirirwo kubva kuma60s.
Kune rumwe rutivi, chidiki chevanhu vaviri icho, mushure memakore gumi ebudiriro, chakatangwa muna 1989 muUnited States seMiata uye gore gare gare muEurope seMX-5, chaisafanira kutya makwikwi akakomba. . Chikwata chikuru chevatambi vemigwagwa veChirungu chave muchikamu chechitatu kwenguva yakareba. Alfa Romeo neFiat chete ndivo vachiri kupa mota diki dzine zvigaro zviviri zvakavhurika dzinodaidzwa kuti "Spider", asi dzinowanzo tanga kuma60s. Avo vane mari yakawanda vanogona kutenga Mercedes SL (R 107), asi haisisiri muhukuru hwayo. Uye chimiro chayo chinosimudzira chiri kure nepfungwa yekutanga yeSpartan roadster seBritish Kingdom yeIndia subcontinent.
Zviripachena, iyo nguva yasvika yemazuva ano, yakachipa uye yakavimbika roadster, uye Mazda irikuita chaicho chinhu. Mune mamwe mazwi, neMX-5, vasiya zvese zvinoita kuti kutyaira kusinganetsi. Semuenzaniso, huremu hwakawanda. Yakawedzerwa kune aya ari echinyakare emitambo mota mota, zvigaro zviviri chete uye zvishandiso zvine simba zvemhando dzekugadzira.
Kubudirira kukuru kunoshamisa kunyange Mazda
MuUnited States, kufarira muroadster kunopisa sebhomba. Izvo zvakafanana zvinodzokororwa mumusika weGerman - gore rega rega rekupihwa rinotengeswa mukati memazuva matatu. Zvichatora makore vasati vakwikwidza vaona kuti ibhizimusi rine pundutso ravakaita. Kubva kuchizvarwa chekutanga chine zita remukati NA kusvika 1998, 431 zvikamu zvakatengeswa. Kumutsidzirwa kwevatambi vemigwagwa vekare pasina mubvunzo ndiko kwakanakira maJapan.
Asi iyo yekutanga MX-5 - kunyangwe iri budiriro yekutengeserana - ine hunhu hwemumiriri akakodzera wemhuri yeroadster? Kuti tijekese nyaya iyi, takakoka motokari nhatu kuti dzifambe nomuMakomo eSwabian Jura. Zvechokwadi, mumwe wavo aifanira kunge ari British. Iyo MGB, yemhando yegore 1974, ndeye yakasarudzika purist roadster ine yakawanda tekinoroji inodzokera kuma50s. Padivi pake pane nhema 2000 Alfa Spider 1975 Fastback senge rudzi rwechic Italian mhinduro kune yakaomarara yeBritish roadster fashoni.
MG igamba remaziso makumi matatu
Makiromita ekutanga ekudziya injini. Nepo Mazda neAlfa, vane injini dzine camshafts mbiri, vanokurumidza kutaura nezve yambiro, iyo yakaderera-simbi yakakandwa simbi MG powerplant inotora maminetsi akati wandei kuti pakupedzisira ishanduke kune yakatsetseka kushanda. Iyo ine ruzha ina-cylinder pamusoro pepamusoro cam injini ine mukurumbira wekuve muchina wekuchengetedza yakaderera, asi imwe isingafanirwe kurerutswa. Solid 95 horsepower uye rinenge risingaperi gomo re torque rinotanga pamusoro pekuita. Kuenzaniswa nemotokari dzeAlfa neMazda, chikamu chechirungu hapana mubvunzo kuti chine meso - mukomana anobva pachitsuwa anonzwika seakakombama, akatsveyama uye anowedzera kupindira.
Nekudaro, injini inoenderana chaizvo nekuonekwa kwemotokari. Muenzaniso B unoratidzika kunge hauna basa zvakanyanya nezve aerodynamics kana zvimwe zvekufunga zvazvino. Nemhando isina kushongedzwa kusiri madikanwa, muchinda uyu anofarira kufumura gireti redhiyeta kumhepo inoyerera, iyo, inosanganiswa nemarambi akatenderera uye nyanga mbiri pane bhamba, inopa chiso chake kutaura kwakaipa zvishoma.
Chiso chemutyairi anotiza MG chakasiyana zvachose. Iye anofara semwana ari pamberi petafura ane zvipo izvo, nekuda kwetambo yepasi pechidya uye fafitera diki remhepo, zvinomutendera kuti agare mumhepo. Hazvina basa kwaari kuti pakunaya kunongoerekana kwanaya anonyorova kusvika kubhonzo, nekuti iro guru rinotambanudza zvakaringana setende yevakomana gumi nevaviri Scouts. Kana izvo, munguva yakapfuura, hapana munhu akafunga nezve zvinoreva uye chinangwa chezvinhu senge kupisa kana kufefetedza. Semufambi we roadster, anogona kupfuura nemumazhinji.
Iyewo murume ari kuseri kwevhiri anotarisa dashboard ine lacquered inoshamisa apo, pasinei nemashizha anobuda paekisero yekumashure, motokari yake inokunguruka nemakona nesimba rakasimba, sokunge neimwe nzira yakanamirwa panzira. Ruoko rwake rwerudyi rwuri pagiya regiya rekupedzisira-pfupi - uye anoziva kuti ane rimwe remagiyabhokisi emhando yepamusoro akamboiswa mumotokari. Unoda kushandura nekapfupi uye kukwirisa sitiroko? Zvinogoneka zvakare makore gare gare neMX-5, asi isu tichazotaura nezvazvo gare gare.
Alpha simba? Chokwadi runako rwake
Kusiyana neMG ine kumberi kwayo yakatenderedzwa uye yakakwenenzverwa plexiglass mavhavha, iyo Alfa Spider inokukwazisa nekunyemwerera uye inohwina moyo wako nerunako rweMaodzanyemba kwete kurwisa kwayo kwakananga. Yakatangwa muna 1970, chizvarwa chechipiri cheSpider, chinodaidzwa kuti Coda tronca (muswe mupfupi) muItaly, chaifarirwa zvakanyanya kupfuura chakatangira chakatenderera-pasi. Iwe unonzwa senge testamende muAlfa Romeo roadster pane muMG, maziso ako anokweverwa kune imwe-ye-a-kind ice cream-sezvinodzora uye matatu akanaka ekuwedzera dials pacentre console - uye guru anogona, kana zvakafanira, kufukidzwa.chimwe chikamu cherobhoti. Iyo yakaoma roughness yeChirungu roadster inonzwa isinganzwisisike kune Spider, asi izvo zvinogona muchikamu zvichidzika kune musiyano wezera pakati pemhando mbiri.
Vazhinji vanotenda izvozvo neinjini ye2000 cc. Ona pasi pehood yeAlfa iyi, zvine mutsindo powertrain inokurudzira inowanikwa muzvizvarwa zvina zveSpider pakati pa1966 na1993. Simba ratings rinosiyana nemugadziri uye nenyika; kuGerman maererano neDIN yaive 132 hp, uye kubvira 1975 chete 125 hp.
Kunyangwe yekutanga isina chokwadi gasi rekupa rinokonzeresa mhere mhere yeyuniti ine maviri pamusoro camshafts. Shamwari iyi haingoite mesmerizing, asiwo kubata zvakasimba. Panguva imwecheteyo idling kusvika ku5000 rpm. Maitiro emagetsi ejini XNUMX-lita akanakira muchina wese - nekugona kufamba zvine simba, asi pasina kudiwa kwekugara uchichinja. Uye icho chinhu chakanaka, nekuti nzira dzekurevera kubva kune rimwe giya kuenda kune rinotevera dzinogona kuita sedzisingagumi, uye kwete kubva pakuona kwemutyairi weMGB. Nekudaro, mukumonyoroka kweSwabian Jurassic, mugwagwa weChirungu unoramba wakanamatira kuseri kweSpider kunyangwe simba rayo rakaderera. Chete pakudzika, iyo Alpha inokwanisa kutora mukana weiyo diki mukana: ina pane maviri disc mabhureki.
Roadster inonzwa muMX-5
Kana zvasvika pakumhanya chaiko, iyo MX-5 inogona kupfuudza zviri nani zvimwe zvese pamakumbo akazara. Uye izvi kunyangwe hazvo injini yayo ye1,6-litre ingori 90 hp. iyo isina kusimba pane matatu epamusoro. Nekudaro, pa955kg, mota iyi ndiyo yakareruka pane matatu, uye zvakare ine yekufambisa system iyo inotyisa zvishoma asi ichizoshanda yakanyanya-kutungamira. Nayo, mota diki inogara vanhu vaviri inogona kugara ichiunzwa chaipo panoda kuve nemutyairi wayo asati apinda mune inotevera kutendeuka. Saka iyo MX-5 inonamira munzira kana uchityaira.
Mukati mayo yakajairika roadster yemukati, iyo MX-5 inogumira kune zvakakosha: chinomhanyisa, tachometer uye matatu madiki edenderedzwa gauges, pamwe nematemba matatu kurudyi uye maviri maitirwo emhepo uye kudziyisa. Denga iri, chokwadika, rakavharwa nemaoko, asi chete kwemasekonzi makumi maviri, uye nekuwedzera, ine mukurumbira wekusavhara mvura zvachose mumvura. Mutyairi anogara zvishoma pamusoro pemugwagwa uye pamwe ari kunakidzwa nenyaya yekuti MX-20 giya bhokisi ine yakatopfupika yekumhanyisa mhanyisa kupfuura iyo MGB gearbox.
Zvinotaridza sekunge hazvigoneke kuti usazive iyo MX-5 seyakabudirira kuenderera kwepfungwa yepakutanga yemugwagwa uye kuigamuchira kutenderera yemhando dzekare. Iye akakodzera zvizere.
mhedziso
Mupepeti Michael Schroeder: Unogona kutyaira iyo MX-5 nekunakidzwa kumwechete neMGB (kurema uremu, chisiki hombe, mhepo mubvudzi rako) usingabayire kunyaradzwa nekureruka kwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwaAlfa Romeo (kusimudza nekukurumidza guru, kufefetedza kwakanaka uye kupisa). Nekudaro, vagadziri veMazda vakakwanisa kududzira zvese kunaka kweiyo yakasarudzika nzira uye kugadzira mota iyo pasina mubvunzo ine hunhu hunodiwa kuti ive yechinyakare modhi.
ruzivo rwehunyanzvi
Alfa Romeo Spider 2000 uye
InjiniMvura-yakatonhorera mana-humburumbira mu-mutsara mana-sitiroko injini, chiwanikwa musoro uye bhuroka, shanu huru inotakura crankshaft, maviri duplex cheni-anotyaira pamusoro macamshafts, maviri mavhavha ekunze pasirinda, maviri Weber mapatya-mukamuri macarburettors
Kuenda: 1962 cm³
Bore x Stroke: 84 x 88,5mm
Simba: 125 hp pa5300 rpm
Maximum. torque: 178 Nm @ 4400 rpm
Kuomesa chiyero: 9,0: 1
Injini yemafuta 5,7 l
Kutakura simbaPamberi-vhiri rekutyaira, imwe-ndiro yakaoma yakaoma batira, shanu-inomhanya gearbox.
Muviri uye chassis
Kuzvimiririra-kwese-kwesimbi muviri, honye-uye-roller kana bhora sikuruu yekufambisa, kumberi nekumashure disc mabhureki
Mberi: yakazvimirira kuturika nenhengo dzemuchinjikwa, matsime ecoil uye stabilizer, telescopic kuvhunduka absorbers.
Kumashure: axle axle, longitudinal beams, T-beam, coil matsime, telescopic kuvhunduka absorbers.
Mavhiri: 5½ J14
Matairi: 165 HR 14.
Kukura uye uremu
Kureba x upamhi x kukwirira: 4120 x 1630 x 1290 mm
Wheelbase: 2250 mm
Kurema: 1040 kg
Kushanda nesimba uye mutengoKumhanya kwakanyanya: 193,5 km / h
Kumhanyisa kubva 0 kusvika 100 km / h: 9,8 sec.
Kushandiswa: 10,8 litita 95 peturu pa100 km.
Nguva yekugadzirwa uye kutenderera
Pano pane 1966 kusvika 1993, Duetto kusvika 1970, angangoita zviuru gumi nezvishanu; Kukurumidza kudzoka muna 15, angangoita makopi makumi matatu nemana; Aerodinamica pamberi pa000, angangoita 1983 makopi; Nyaya 31 dzinosvika makumi maviri nemasere.
Mazda MX-5 1.6 / 1.8, modhi NA
Injini
Mvura-yakatonhorera mana-humburumbira mu-mutsara mana-sitiroko injini, grey cast iron block, light alloy cylinder head, crankshaft ine mashanu makuru mabheyari, mairi mabhandi epanguva ino inotungamirwa pamusoro camshafts, mavhavha mana pasirinda inofambiswa ne hydraulic jacks, zvemagetsi peturu, chinokonzera
Kuenda: 1597/1839 cm³
Bore x Stroke: 78 x 83,6 / 83 x 85mm
Simba: 90/115/130 hp pa6000 / 6500 rpm
Max. torque: 130/135/155 Nm pa 4000/5500/4500 rpm
Kuomesa chiyero: 9 / 9,4 / 9,1: 1.
Kutakura simba
Pamberi-vhiri rekutyaira, imwe-ndiro yakaoma yakaoma batira, shanu-inomhanya gearbox.
Muviri uye chassisKuzvitsigira-kwese-kwesimbi muviri, mana-mavhiri disc mabhureki Rack uye Power gozvo System
Mberi neshure: yakazvimiririra kuturika ine maviri anotenderera akanangana nemavhiri, mabhii matsime, telescopic kuvhunduka absorbers uye zvinodzikamisa.
Mavhiri: aluminium, 5- J 14
Matairi: 185/60 R 14.
Kukura uye uremu Kureba x upamhi x kukwirira: 3975 x 1675 x 1230 mm
Wheelbase: 2265 mm
Kurema: 955 kg, tangi 45 l.
Kushanda nesimba uye mutengo
Kumhanya kwakanyanya: 175/195/197 km / h
Kumhanyisa kubva pa0 kusvika 100 km / h: 10,5 / 8,8 / 8,5 s
Kunwa peturu 8/9 marita 91/95 pa100 km.
Nguva yekugadzirwa uye kutendereraKubva muna 1989 kusvika 1998 Mazda MX-5 NA mamodheru, 433 yakazara.
MGB
InjiniMvura-yakatonhorera mana-humburumbira mu-mutsara mana-sitiroko injini, grey yakakanda simbi humburumbira musoro uye block, pre-1964 crankshaft nematatu, ipapo mashanu makuru mabheyari, camshaft imwe yepazasi inotungamirwa neketani yenguva, mavhavha maviri pasirinda inotyairwa nechisimudza , kusimudza tsvimbo uye maoko edombo, maviri semi-vertical carburetors SU XC 4
Kuenda: 1798 cm³
Bore x Stroke: 80,3 x 88,9mm
Simba: 95 hp pa5400 rpm
Maximum. torque: 144 Nm @ 3000 rpm
Kuomesa chiyero: 8,8: 1
Injini yemafuta: 3,4 / 4,8 l.
Kutakura simba
Pamberi-vhiri rekutyaira, imwe-ndiro yakaoma yakaoma batira, ina-inomhanyisa gearbox, zvingasarudzika ne overdrive.
Muviri uye chassisKuzvitsigira-kwese-kwesimbi muviri, kumberi dhisiki, kumashure dhiramu mabhureki, rack uye pinion mudhiraivho
Mberi: yakazvimirira kumiswa pamwe neanoshuvira mabhonzo, coil matsime uye stabilizer
Kumashure: Rigid axle ine mashizha emashizha, chinongedzera dampers pamavhiri ese mana mavhiri: 4½ J 14
Matairi: 5,60 x 14.
Kukura uye uremu Kureba x upamhi x kukwirira: 3890 x 1520 x 1250 mm
Wheelbase: 2310 mm
Kurema: 961 kg
Tangi: 55 l.
Kushanda nesimba uye mutengoKumhanya kwakanyanya: 172 km / h
Kumhanyisa kubva 0 kusvika 100 km / h: 12,6 sec.
Kushandiswa: 10 litita 95 peturu pa100 km.
Nguva yekugadzirwa uye kutendereraKubva muna 1962 kusvika 1980, 512 243 zvakagadzirwa, makumi matatu neshanu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu nemakumi matanhatu nenomwe dzaive nzira dzemumigwagwa
Musoro: Michael Schroeder
Mufananidzo: Arturo Rivas
