AVT5598 - 12V Solar Charger

Photovoltaic modules iri kuve yakachipa uye nekudaro ichiwedzera kufarirwa. Vanogona kubudirira kushandiswa kubhadharisa mabhatiri, semuenzaniso, mune imwe nyika imba kana chiteshi chemagetsi. Chishandiso chakatsanangurwa chidhiraivha chinojairwa kuti chishande nemagetsi ekuisa anosiyana pamusoro pehupamhi hwakanyanya. Inogona kubatsira panzvimbo, munzvimbo yemusasa kana nzvimbo yemusasa.

1. Schematic diagram yejaja yezuva

Iyo sisitimu inoshandiswa kubhadharisa lead-asidhi bhatiri (somuenzaniso, gel) mu buffer mode, i.e. mushure mekusvika kune yakagadziriswa voltage, ikozvino yekuchaja inotanga kudonha. Nekuda kweizvozvo, bhatiri rinogara riri mustandby mode. Iyo charger yekugovera voltage inogona kusiyanisa mukati me4 ... 25 V.

Iko kugona kushandisa ese akasimba uye asina simba chiedza chezuva zvakanyanya kuwedzera nguva yekuchaja pazuva. Iyo yekuchaja ikozvino inotsamira zvakanyanya pane yekupinza voltage, asi iyi mhinduro ine zvakanakira pamusoro pekungomisa yakawandisa voltage kubva kune solar module.

Mutambo wejaja unoratidzwa mufig. 1. Iyo DC simba sosi iSEPIC topology inoshandura zvichibva pane yakachipa uye inozivikanwa MC34063A system. Inoshanda mune yakajairika basa rekiyi. Kana iyo voltage yakapihwa muenzanisi (pini 5) yakanyanya kuderera, iyo yakavakirwa-mukati transistor switch inotanga kushanda nekugara ichizadza uye frequency. Kushanda kunomira kana iyi voltage ichipfuura referensi voltage (kazhinji 1,25 V).

SEPIC topology converters, inokwanisa kusimudza nekudzikisa magetsi ekubuda, kazhinji anoshandisa ma controller anogona kushandura padding yekiyi chiratidzo. Kushandisa MC34063A mubasa iri mhinduro isingawanzoitiki, asi - sezvinoratidzwa nekuongorora kweprototype - inokwana pakushandisa uku. Chimwe chirevo chaive mutengo, uyo mune iyo MC34063A yakaderera zvakanyanya pane iyo yePWM controller.

Maviri capacitors C1 neC2 akabatanidzwa mune zvakafanana anoshandiswa kuderedza kupikisa kwemukati kwemagetsi akadai se photovoltaic module. Parallel yekubatanidza inoderedza zvinokonzeresa parasitic paramita senge kuramba uye inductance. Resistor R1 inoshandiswa kudzikamisa ikozvino yeiyi nzira kusvika pa 0,44A. Yakakwirira ikozvino inogona kuita kuti dunhu rakasanganiswa riwedzere kupisa. Capacitor C3 inoisa frequency yekushandisa kusvika pa80 kHz.

Inductors L1 uye L2 uye inoguma capacitance ye capacitors C4-C6 inosarudzwa kuitira kuti inoshandura inogona kushanda munzvimbo yakakura kwazvo yemagetsi. Parallel connection of capacitors yaifanirwa kuderedza inoguma ESR uye ESL.

Diode LED1 inoshandiswa kuedza kushanda kwemutongi. Kana zvakadaro, ipapo chikamu chinoshanduka chemagetsi chinoiswa pacoil L2, iyo inogona kucherechedzwa nekupenya kweiyi diode. Inobatika nekudzvanya bhatani reS1 kuti irege kupenya zvisina musoro nguva dzese. Resistor R3 inodzika yazvino kusvika pa2 mA, uye D1 inodzivirira iyo LED diode kubva pakuputsika kunokonzerwa nekunyanyisa kudzima voltage. Resistor R4 inowedzerwa kuti ive nani inoshandura kugadzikana pane yakaderera ikozvino kushandiswa uye yakaderera voltage. Inotora rimwe resimba iro L2 coil inopa kumutoro. Inobata kushanda zvakanaka, asi idiki - kukosha kunobudirira kwezvino inoyerera kuburikidza nayo inongova milliamps shoma.

Capacitors C8 uye C9 anotsvedzerera kunze ripple ikozvino inopihwa kuburikidza ne diode D2. Resistive divider R5-R7 inoisa voltage inobuda kusvika pa13,5V, inova voltage chaiyo pa12V gel bhatiri terminals panguva yekushanda kwebuffer. Iyi voltage inofanirwa kusiyanisa zvishoma nekushisa, asi chokwadi ichi chakasiiwa kuitira kuti sisitimu irambe iri nyore. Iyi resistor divider inoremedza bhatiri rakabatana nguva dzese, saka rinofanirwa kunge riine repamusoro rinokwanisa kuramba.

Capacitor C7 inoderedza voltage ripple inoonekwa nemuenzanisi uye inononoka kupindurwa kweiyo loop yemhinduro. Pasina iyo, kana bhatiri rabviswa, iyo inobuda voltage inogona kudarika kukosha kwakachengeteka kwe electrolytic capacitors, i.e. kupukunyuka. Kuwedzerwa kweiyi capacitor kunoita kuti sisitimu irege kushandura kiyi nguva nenguva.

Ijaja inosungirirwa pane imwe-sided yakadhindwa yedunhu bhodhi ine zviyero zve 89 × 27 mm, mufananidzo wegungano unoratidzwa muFig. mufananidzo 2. Zvinhu zvose zviri mu-buri-hole housings, iyo inobatsira zvikuru kunyange kune vanhu vasina ruzivo rwakawanda nesimbi yesimbi. Ini ndinokurudzira kusashandisa iyo IC socket nekuti ichawedzera kushorwa kwekubatanidza kune switch transistor.

2. Solar charger install diagram

Chigadzirwa chakanyatso kuunganidzwa chinobva chagadzirira kushanda uye hachidi chero kutumwa. Sechikamu chekutonga, iwe unogona kuisa mhepo inoramba iripo kune yayo yekuisa uye kuigadzirisa mune yakapihwa huwandu hwe4 ... 20 V, uchitarisa kuverenga kwevoltmeter yakabatana kune inobuda. Inofanira kushandura sawtooth muhuwandu hweanenge 18 ... 13,5 V. Mutengo wekutanga unobatana nekuchaja kwema capacitors uye haisi kutsoropodza, asi pa13,5 V mushanduri anofanira kushanda zvakare.

Iko kuchaja ikozvino kunoenderana nekukosha kwazvino kweiyo voltage yekupinda, sezvo iyo yekupinda ikozvino inogumira kusvika 0,44 A. Zviyero zvakaratidza kuti bhatiri yekuchaja ikozvino inosiyana kubva painoda 50 mA (4 V) kusvika ingangoita 0,6 AA pavoltage ye20. V. Unogona kuderedza kukosha uku nekuwedzera kupikisa R1, iyo dzimwe nguva inokurudzirwa kune mabhatiri maduku (2 Ah).

Ijaja inogadziriswa kuti ishande ne photovoltaic module ine zita remagetsi e12 V. Voltages kusvika ku20 ... 22 V inogona kuvapo pamigumisiro yaro nekuderera kwezvino kushandiswa, saka, capacitors akashandurwa kumagetsi e25 V akaiswa. pakupinza kwe converter.Kurasikirwa kwacho kwakakwira zvekuti bhatiri harina kuchajwa.

Kuti utore mukana wakazara wejaja, batanidza module ine simba re10 W kana kupfuura. Nesimba shoma, bhatiri rinochajawo, asi zvishoma nezvishoma.

Chinyorwa chezvinhu:

Resistors:

R1: 0,68 Ohm / 1 W.

R2: 180 Ohm / 0,25 W.

R3: 6,8 kΩ / 0,25 W

R4: 2,2 kΩ / 0,25 W

R5: 68 kΩ / 0,25 W

R6: 30 kΩ / 0,25 W

R7: 10 kΩ / 0,25 W

Capacitors:

C1, C2, C8, C9: 220 μF/25 V

C3: 330 pF (ceramic)

C4…C6: 2,2 μF/50 V (MKT R = 5 mm)

C7: 1µF/50V (monolith.)

Semiconductors:

D1: 1H4148

D2: 1H5819

LED1: 5mm LED, semuenzaniso girini

US1:MC34063A(DIP8)

zvimwe:

J1, J2: ARK2/5mm chokubatanidza

L1, L2: Choke 220uH (Yakatwasuka)

S1: diki chinja 6×6/13mm