Wheel balancing: tsananguro, mhando, maitiro uye zvakajairika kukanganisa

Kuenzanisa mavhiri emotokari kunokanganisa kubata kwemotokari: chigamba chekubatanidza chinogara chichichinja, traction inowedzera. Mumugwagwa wakanyorova kana unotsvedza uchimhanya zvakanyanya, mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kubuda mukudzora. Zvinoitika kuti kuenzanisa kwemavhiri inyaya yekuchengetedza kune vashandi vemotokari.

Kunyaradzwa uye kwakachengeteka kutyaira mota zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nemamiriro ematai. Vatyairi vanoziva pfungwa yekuenzanisa kwemavhiri. Zvisinei, vazhinji havabatanidzi kukosha kwakakodzera kune maitiro. Uye, maererano naizvozvo, havanzwisisi migumisiro yekusaenzana kwetai.

Chii chinonzi wheel balancing

Iyo wheelbase chikamu chakakosha chemotokari. Nzvimbo dzakatenuka ndiyo yekutanga kutora kurohwa kubva pamatombo, mabhuni nemakomba kubva mumugwagwa, "kushivirira" basa rekumisa. Kuti utsungirire mitoro yose, motokari "shangu" inofanira kuva yehutano hwakanaka.

Hunhu hwehunyanzvi hwematayi akanaka haupere nekomboni yakanakisa, madhisiki emhando yepamusoro, uye kugadzikana kwakagadzikana. Vanamakanika vemota pazviteshi zvebasa uye mhizha dzepamba dzinochinja matai emwaka, kuona homwe uye dhigirii rekupfeka matayi, kusarongeka, uye mamwe matambudziko.

Imwe yematanho anodiwa - kuenzanisa vhiri - ndiko kubviswa kwekusaenzana kana kudzikiswa kwayo kusvika padanho diki.

Ko wheel balancing inobata chii uye ndeipi mhedzisiro yekusavapo kwayo

Mavhiri asina kuenzana anogadzira kuzununguka mumotokari: kudedera, kurova uye ruzha zvinoonekwa. Kana isu tikasafunga nezvekusagadzikana kwemutyairi nevafambi kubva parwendo rwakadaro, saka kuparadzwa kwezvikamu uye magungano hakugone kuregererwa: kukurumidza kusaenzana (kuonekwa) kupfeka kwematairi anotsika, disk deformation.

Mabhora ebhora, hubs anoparadzwawo, shock absorber struts, mabearings anokundikana. Kusaenzana kwemavhiri kunotungamirira pakurebesa kwebhureki chinhambwe, chinotyora chifambiso.

Kusaenzana kwevhiri kunokanganisa kufambisa

Kuenzanisa mavhiri emotokari kunokanganisa kubata kwemotokari: chigamba chekubatanidza chinogara chichichinja, traction inowedzera. Mumugwagwa wakanyorova kana unotsvedza uchimhanya zvakanyanya, mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kubuda mukudzora. Zvinoitika kuti kuenzanisa kwemavhiri inyaya yekuchengetedza kune vashandi vemotokari.

Kusaenzana kwevhiri

Gumbo chinhu chinotenderera. Ese mapoinzi echiso chayo akabviswa zvakaenzana kubva pakati - iyo axis yekutenderera, uye huremu hunofanira kunge hwakafanana kutenderera yese denderedzwa.

Tsanangudzo

Kugovaniswa kusina kuenzana kwezvizhinji zvinotenderera zvine chekuita nepakati pekutenderera kunonzi kusaenzana kwemavhiri. Nemamwe mashoko, vhiri rinobva rareruka kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Balance weights

Wheel balancing inoitwa nekurembera akakosha ekubhadhara uremu kurema zvikamu zvakareruka zvematayi.

Aina

Kune marudzi maviri ekusaenzana:

1. Dynamic - kana kukanganisa kwehuwandu kunoitika mundege yakatwasuka, kureva kuti, inertia simba rinoyambuka axis yekutenderera: gumbo rinonyora "masere".
2. Static - huremu hwakatyoka zvichienderana neakisi yakatwasuka: vhiri rinobheuka kumusoro nekudzika (vertical vibration).

Mhando dzemavhiri kusaenzana

Dynamic wheel balancing inoitwa chete pazvikwiriso zvehunyanzvi kunze nemukati. Static - inogona kuitwa mumamiriro egaraji: maitiro acho ndeekuturika mamwe maremu munzvimbo dzakareruka. Nekudaro, kazhinji kusanganiswa kwemhando mbiri dzekusaenzana kunocherechedzwa pamavhiri emota imwe: saka zvinonyanya kuvimbika kupa nyaya kune nyanzvi dzebasa.

Maitiro ekutarisa vhiri chiyero

Dambudziko rinoita kuti rinzwike pakumhanya kwemotokari kwe80-90 km / h nekurova mudhiraivha, kudedera. Iwe unogona kuzvimiririra kutarisa kuenzana kwematairi, kuronga maitiro ezhizha kana yechando kutsiva seti yerubha. Isa vhiri idzva, kwira kwemazuva mashoma kuti vhiri ribvise deformation mushure mekuchengetedza.

Zvimwe zviito:

1. Jakisa mota parutivi pauchange uchitarisa.
2. Spin rampu, mirira kuti imire.
3. Maka nzvimbo yepamusoro parabha nechoko.
4. Sunungura munzira dzakasiyana, uchimaka pamusoro.

Maitiro ekutarisa vhiri chiyero

Ongorora nzvimbo yemakaki echoko: kana akabatanidzwa, gumbo harina kuenzana, wawana "nyore" pfungwa. Kana njodzi dzakapararira zvakaenzana kumativi ese denderedzwa, tyaira usingatyi.

Maitiro ekuita maitiro nemazvo

Nekusaenzana kwe10-15 g, kumira kunogamuchira zviuru zvekurova paminiti, iyo inofananidzwa nekuita kwejackhammer pakrete. Kuenzanisa kwakakodzera kwetai kunokosha kudzivirira migumisiro yakaipa yekusaenzana kwehuremu hwevhiri.

Sei danho rekugadzirira rakakosha uye rinosanganisira chii

Iwe unofanirwa kudzikamisa mavhiri seungano kana tai yaiswa pamupendero. Mutemo unosungirwa ndiyo nhanho yekugadzirira, iyo iyo yekupedzisira mhedzisiro yemaitiro zvinoenderana.

Gadziriro yekugadzirira

Ita zvinotevera:

1. Shambai rimu kubva kumativi maviri, kana zvisina kudaro zvidimbu zvetsvina zvicharatidza huremu husina kuenzana hwerabha kumativi ose.
2. Chenesa kutsika kubva pamatombo akanamira (kunyanya kukosha kumarori nemaSUV). Matombo nematombo pakati pezvivharo zvematayi etreadmill anoita kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvireme: kuenzanisa kuchave kusina kururama.
3. Bvisa uremu hwekare uye cheka makepisi kubva mumarimu.

Ita shuwa kuti vhiri rinogara rakasimba munzvimbo yaro: izvi zvine simba rakasimba pakuita kwekuyeresa zvishandiso nemidziyo.

Kuenzanisa marudzi

Iyo nzira inoitwa munzira dzakawanda. Iko kune kuenzana kwemavhiri emotokari pamushini nekubviswa kwematairi uye zvakananga pamotokari. Kune zvakare otomatiki kuenzanisa nemagranules kana hupfu.

Wheel balancing granules

Granules ane dhayamita ye 0,15-0,9 mm ane inorema girazi kana ceramic core mukati, zvinhu zvakaputirwa nesilicone kunze.

Mabheji anodururwa mugomba retairi: pasi pekuita kwemasimba e centrifugal, mabhora anogoverwa, anonamatira kune rubber muhuwandu hukuru apo uremu huri zvishoma. Zvinobuda otomatiki kuzvienzanisa, izvo, zvisinei, zvisingafarirwe nevatyairi.

static

Static (yakatwasuka) kusaenzana kunobviswa nezviteshi zvese zvematayi. Asi iyi ndiyo nzira yakareruka yekuenzanisa, iyo, kuitira kuchengetedza mari uye nguva, vatyairi vanowanzoita mugaraji.

Chinokosha chekushanda ndechekuziva chikamu chinorema chevhiri, icho chinorova mugwagwa nesimba rakawanda, zvisina kuenzana abrading kutsika uye zvinoparadza kupindura kune chassis uye kumiswa.

Static balancing

Kubvisa kusaenzana kwakadzikama, maremu ekubhadharisa anoturikwa pamapoinzi emwenje pamusoro pemafurange eparutivi. Huremu hwezvigadzirwa hunobva pa5 kusvika ku60 gramu, zvinhu zvinotungamirira, simbi, zinc.

Pamadhisiki akadhindwa, zvigadziriso zvinosungirirwa nemabhuraketi, pamadhisiki akakandwa uye efoge - neVelcro. Iwo ekupedzisira haana kuvimbika munguva yechando: anogona kudonha muchando. Asi kune akati wandei madhisiki paari pasina imwe nzira yekuchengetedza zvinhu.

Dynamic

Iyo yakakura kutsika munhengo yemuchinjikwa, zviri nyore "kuwana" kusaenzana kune simba paunenge uchityaira ("masere") uye zvakanyanya kuoma kubvisa. Hazvibviri kubvisa mharadzano yeaxes ye inertia uye kutenderera iwe pachako - iyo nyaya inopihwa kune nyanzvi. Mhepo yemhepo mumatairi chero ipi zvayo yekuenzanisa inofanira kuva yakajairika.

Pedza

Kuenzanisa kwakadaro kwevhiri kunofanira kuitwa mushure mekubviswa kwe static uye dynamic kusaenzana, pamwe chete nekuchinja matairi.

Pedzisa kuenzanisa

Nzira yekupedzisira yekuenzanisa matayi inoitwa zvakananga pamotokari: chigadzirwa chemagetsi chakaiswa pasi pezasi, mavhiri anoputirwa kusvika ku80-90 km / h. Masensa anotora zviyero otomatiki, anoratidza nzvimbo dzinoda kuwedzerwa uremu pairimu.

Nzira dzekuenzanisa pasina kubvisa mavhiri

Kana paine kutenderera kwakamira kwemuviri kubva kumavhiri mavhiri, vatyairi vanoibvisa mugaraji. Maitiro acho akafanana neyekusevhisi chiteshi, asi iwe unozopedza nguva yakawanda, nekuti iwe uchafanirwa kuedza pane huremu hwehuremu hwakasiyana kakawanda. Nzira yekare, "neziso", inopa maitiro akafanana semumusangano.

Gadzirira jack, kuenzanisa-self-adhesive kana mabhureki uremu. Unozoda choko kana chiratidzo chekumaka panopenya, nesando kuti uchengetedze huremu hunorema.

Usapotsa danho rekugadzirira nekugeza ma discs uye kuchenesa kutsika kubva pamatombo nematombo. Bvisa mapedhi epurasitiki.

Rimwe basa:

1. Simudza rimwe divi remota pane jack, inshuwarisi yekukunguruka nekudonha.
2. Sarudza nzvimbo yekuisa yezviyereso zvekuenzanisa: sunungura rampu mune imwe nzira, mushure mokumira, nyora nzvimbo yepamusoro pairi nechoko, uchitarisa, semuenzaniso, pakati pevhiri arch.
3. Spin vhiri kune rimwe divi, dzokorora kunyengedza nechoko.
4. Ongorora kuiswa kwemavara echoko: pakati pakati pawo ndiyo nzvimbo yemwenje inodiwa.
5. Isa zviremu panzvimbo iyi, kutanga neakareruka.
6. Ramba uchitenderedza vhiri. Kana, mushure mokumira, zviyero zviri pasi, kuenzanisa kunobudirira.
7. Zvino tanga kuparadzira uremu munzira dzakasiyana. Basa nderekuona kuti mushure mekutenderera kunotevera nekumira, uremu huri munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
8. Chengetedza zvinhu nenyundo.

Nzira dzekuenzanisa pasina kubvisa mavhiri

Kekutanga kuenzanisa kunogona kusashanda. Ita kuti nzvimbo dzakareruka dziremerwe nekuwedzera huremu hwemitoro. Tevedza kutevedzana kwematanho nemamwe matayi, wozoyedza mavhiri ekuenzanisa nekutyaira 10-15 km nekumhanya kwe80-90 km / h. Kana wanga usinganzwe mota ichidhumha, mabhambu ehunhu mudhiraivha, wakaita zvese nemazvo.

Ndeipi midziyo inodiwa pakuita

Nechekare panguva yekugadzira, kuwanda kwematairi kugovaniswa zvisina kuenzana kutenderedza axis yekutenderera - iyi ndiyo inonzi tekinoroji kukanganisa. Uyezve, panguva yekushanda, kusaenzana kunowedzera: iyo tira inosvika kusvika ku75% yekusaenzana, ye disks - kusvika ku20%. Zvikamu zvasara zvinowira pahubhu dzine mabhureki madhiramu.

Kuti ubvise kusaenzana, kune michina yehunyanzvi - yekuyera michina (BS). Zvimiro zvekuongorora uye kugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvinotenderera zvinoiswa zvachose munzvimbo dzezvitoro zvematairi.

BS yehupamhi-mbiri uye akajairwa matai akarongedzerwa kuisirwa pasina kubvisa mavhiri ane mechanika, zvemagetsi uye zvakasanganiswa zvekuyeresa zviridzwa. Rimwe boka remidziyo inomiririrwa nezvigadziko zvinoshanda nemarampu akabviswa.

Bancing machine

Zvinhu zvikuru zvebhenji repamusoro-soro rekuenzanisa mavhiri emotokari dzinotakura vanhu shaft ine magetsi (kusvika 800 rpm) kana bhuku rekushandisa (kusvika ku250 rpm) dhiraivha uye komputa yekugadzira data.

Iyo yehunyanzvi maitiro inotaridzika seizvi: gumbo rakasungwa uye rakachengetedzwa rakachengetedzwa pashaft, iyo komputa system inoverenga ruzivo rwekutanga (hupamhi uye kukwirira kweiyo rubber profile, disk size). Iyo shaft inorukwa, ipapo dhiraivha inomiswa, ichibvumira vhiri kutenderera neinertia.

Tevere, impulse, dynamic uye piezoelectric sensors inovhurwa, data nyowani inorekodhwa, zvichienderana nekuti iyo yakamisikidzwa chirongwa inoverengera mapeji emwenje etairi. Zvinosara kuti tenzi aise maajenti ekuyeresa.

Mamwe mhando dzematurusi emuchina ekugadzira epamba uye ekunze akashongedzerwa nelaser masisitimu anonyatso ratidza nzvimbo yekurembera chiyero.

Common Bancing Mistakes

Kukanganisa kwakajairika kana vachityora tekinoroji yekuenzanisa huwandu hwevhiri hukama kune axis yekutenderera:

• Pakanga pasina nhanho yekugadzirira zvachose, kana yakaitwa zvisina hanya: semhedzisiro, kunamatira mapundu etsvina kunoratidza huremu hwakanyanya hwevhiri apo zvese zvakarongeka.
• Zviyero zvekare hazvina kubviswa kubva pamupendero: kusiyana navo, zviremera zvitsva zvinoiswa, izvo zvinotungamirira pakusaenzana kwakaipisisa;
• Havana kucherekedza kukodzera kwerubha pamupendero: kana kumanikidzwa kwetairi kunosimudzwa, inogara panzvimbo, chiyero chinopera.
• Vhimbo harina kudzika pabalancer shaft. Iyo taper adapta inowanzo shandiswa kune yepakati gomba, flange kana screw clamps inoshandiswa pakukwirisa maburi. Kune mavhiri erori, Mhara, spacers uye makoni makuru anogona kudiwa.

Wheel balancing kukanganisa

Usaise inodarika 60 g yemutoro pane rimwe vhiri remotokari inotakura vanhu.

Izvo zvinodiwa here kudzikamisa mavhiri ekumashure pane yekumberi vhiri drive?

Pamotokari dzemberi, mavhiri ekutyaira anotambura zvakanyanya nekuti ane chekuita nekuchinjana. Zvifambiso zvisingaverengeki zvinodya madziro epamativi ekutsika. Asi kuseri kwemateru kunowanikwawo kune mechanical deformations. Kana vhiri remberi richibhururuka richipinda mugomba, ipapo kumashure kunowira munzvimbo imwe chete, kurova kumiswa.

Kusaenzana kumberi kunonyanya kutaurwa, nepo kumashure kunoonekwa nekumhanya kupfuura 120 km / h. Asi kuyera kunofanirwa kuitwa panguva imwe chete pamavhiri ese, zvisinei nenzvimbo yekuisa.

Chii chinotarisa kuwanda kwekuenzanisa

Iko hakuna chaiyo inodiwa yekuwanda kwemaitiro - zvese zvinoenderana nekushanda. Kana wakatyaira 15 km panguva yemwaka zvine mwero, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa chiyero chemarambi. Kunyanya kutyaira maitiro kunoderedza nguva yekuongororwa uye kugadzirisa nehafu.

Verenga zvakare: Steering rack damper - chinangwa uye kumisikidza mitemo

Zvimwe zvikonzero nei uchifanira kuenzanisa mavhiri ako kazhinji:

• motokari yakawira mumakomba akadzika mumugwagwa kana kuti vhiri rakarova migwagwa, zvimwe zvipingamupinyi;
• iwe kazhinji unononoka nekusvetuka-svetuka;
• pawakatenga mavhiri matsva nemavhiri: kana wapedza kubatanidza gumbo, rienzanise;
• panguva yemwaka "kuchinja shangu", zvingava zvinobatsira kutarisa chiyero: mabasa emotokari anoremekedzwa anoita izvi pasina;
• pamberi perwendo pamusoro pe1500 km uye pakarepo mushure merwendo rurefu;
• mushure mekuisa madhisiki matsva;
• kugadzirisa mavhiri, kudonha matayi - chiitiko chekuita nzira yekuenzanisa.

Mhedziso: uyo akadzikama uye anoteerera zvakanyanya mutyairi, kashoma iye anoyera mavhiri.