peturu "Kalosha". Properties uye kushandiswa

Mamiriro

Rudzi urwu rwe nefras rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri, kunyangwe zvishoma nezvishoma richibviswa kunze kwekushandiswa nekenza shoma uye isingabatike magiredhi ezvinonyungudutsa.

Main technology

1. Self-ignition tembiricha range_- 190 ... 250 ° C.
2. Kuumbwa kwemakemikari - organic hydrocarbon compounds, nhamba yeatomu kabhoni umo inotangira kubva pa9 kusvika ku14.
3. Ruvara - chiedza chero kana (kazhinji) - isina ruvara.
4. Nhamba ye octane inenge 52.
5. Zvekuwedzera hazvipo.
6. Zvisina kuchena: kuvapo kwesarufa yakasanganiswa inobvumirwa, iyo yose muzana (maererano ne sulfides) haisi kupfuura 0,5.
7. Density - 700…750 kg/m³.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zveKalosh peturu zvinosiyana, zvichienderana neindasitiri yekushandisa kwayo. Chinhu chakajairika ndechekuti alkanes anosanganisirwa mumakemikari formula yeese nefras ari padyo necycloparaffins yemafuta asina kuchena. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo huru tekinoroji yekugadzira Kalosh peturu ndeyekupatsanurwa pamwe nepakati simba.

Chigadzirwa chepetroleum chinoshandiswa kunyungudutsa inki dzekudhinda, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, mishonga yesora, machira, asphalt yemvura uye zvimwe zvinhu organic, kusanganisira rabha. Zvinoshandiswawo kuchenesa zvinofamba zvemuchina-kuvaka uye simbi-yekushanda midziyo kubva pakusvibiswa mukugadzira kugadzira (izvo zvinoita kuti chigadzirwa ichi chifanane nemamwe marudzi epeturu, kunyanya B-70 peturu). Usashandise chigadzirwa pane ambient tembiricha kupfuura 30⁰C.

Brands uye kuchengeteka zvinodiwa

Nefras inogadzira mamakisi maviri: C2 80/120 uye C3 80/120, iyo inosiyana chete muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye kuchenesa. Kunyanya, pakugadzirwa kweC2 80/120, peturu yakave necatalytic reforming inoshandiswa seyakapera semi-yakapera zvigadzirwa, uye yeC3 80/120, peturu inowanikwa nekunatsa distillation inoshandiswa. Kune nefras C2 80/120 yegiredhi rekutanga, density yakati pasi.

Kunyanya kutariswa kunobhadharwa kumitemo yekushandiswa kwakachengeteka kwemhando dzepeturu dziri mubvunzo. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti iyo flash point yezvinhu zvakadaro yakaderera kwazvo, uye kune yakavhurika crucible ndeye -17 chete.⁰C. Kutariswa kunofanirawo kupihwa kune kuputika kwechinhu kana ichishandiswa. GOST 443-76 inotsanangura iyi parameter seine ngozi kunyange kana kuiswa kwe nefras mumhepo yemhepo kunopfuura 1,7%. Iko kusanganiswa kwemafuta emhepo mumhepo yekamuri haigoni kudarika 100 mg/m³.

Kazhinji pane kuvhiringika mune zvinodiwa zvetekinoroji zvemafuta anonyungudutsa nekuda kwekusiyana kwezviyero zvinotungamira vanogadzira. Saka, nefras (kusanganisira yakajairika Nefras C2 80/120) inogadzirwa maererano neGOST 443-76, uye Kalosh peturu inogadzirwa maererano nezvakatsanangurwa zviri pachena kuti hazvina kuomesesa. Nekudaro, zvinoenderana neformula uye zvivakwa, ichi chigadzirwa chakafanana, chinosiyana chete padanho rekunatsa (kuKalosh peturu, dhigirii iri rakaderera). Naizvozvo, kubva pakuona chaiko, Br-2 peturu, Kalosh peturu uye Nefras C2 80/120 chinhu chimwe chete.

Kushanda

Zvichienderana nehupamhi hwezvivakwa zvayo, Kalosh peturu inoonekwa seyakanyungudika peturu, asi nzvimbo yayo inoshanda yebhazi yakafaranuka:

• Refueling lighters.
• Kucheneswa kwematangi uye matura e oxy-mafuta ekucheka zvirimwa.
• Kugadzirira machira ekudhaya.
• Degreasing electronic components before soldering.
• Zvishongo zvekuchenesa.
• Zvitofu zvekuwedzera mafuta uye zvimwe midziyo yekudziisa yezvinangwa zvekushanya.

Kalosh peturu haifanirwe kunyatsozivikanwa neBr-2 peturu. Iwo anogadzirwa kubva kune akasiyana mbizha uye akaedzwa zviri mukati mezvikamu nenzira dzakasiyana siyana, kunyanya kana mugadziri achiunza chaiwo ekuwedzera muchikamu chikuru. Uye zvakare, ese nefras anogadzirwa zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi zvinodiwa zveGOST 443-76 anosiyaniswa neyakagadzika chiratidzo chenhamba yeoctane yavo, iyo isingafananidzi yemamwe mabhureki anoonekwa munyaya ino.

Mitengo yezvigadzirwa izvi inotarwa nekurongedza kwezvinhu. Kune peturu Kalosha, iyo yakavharwa mumudziyo we 0,5 litita, mutengo unobva ku100 ... 150 rubles, yekuputira mumagaba e10 malita - 700 ... rub / kg.

Gasoline Galosh yezvaunogona kushandisa.