Bofors haisi zvese, chikamu 2.

Koramu yemabhatiri e40-mm anti-ndege pfuti pakufamba; Zaolziysky District, 1938. Krzysztof Nescior

Kuonekwa kwepfuti dzeBofors mumapoka ezvombo zvekudzivirira ndege zvakadanwa mubvunzo kusarudzwa kwenzira yakakodzera yekutakura kwete zvombo chete, asiwo iyo yakaoma yemidziyo inodiwa pakushandisa kwavo.

Trailer ine zvombo nemidziyo

Zvinoita sezviri nyore kupa basa iri kumarori akadai sePF621, ayo aisazokwanisa kufambirana nekumhanya uye kushanda nesimba pakufora kwakadhonzwa nemakoni eC2P, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma, dzakatakura mabhokisi ezvombo nemidziyo. Naizvozvo, zvakasarudzwa kuunza matirakita akakodzera mubhatiri, iyo inodhonza iyo - yakafanana nepfuti - yaifanira kunge yakapihwa neatove akagadzirwa matirakita akateedzerwa. Mushure mekuedzwa patirakita yakagadzirwa nePZInzh. kudhonza pfuti yeBofors kubva pakupera kwa1936, zvakaonekwa kuti zvingangoita matrailer maviri ane simba rekutakura rinosvika 1000 kg aizodiwa kutakura vanhu, zvombo nemidziyo mukati mepfuti imwe. Mukutanga kwa1936 na1937, pakave netsamba isina kujeka uye yairatidza kuti ine mhirizhonga pakati peOrdnance Directorate, Armored Arms Command neArmored Armaments Technical Research Bureau (BBTechBrPanc) maererano nemazwi ezvinodiwa kuti zvigadzirwe matiraire akagadzirwa.

Mukwikwidzi?

Pakupedzisira, mutemo wepamutemo wekugadzirwa kwetrailer prototypes wakagamuchidzwa, pamwe chete nezvinodiwa, kuUnited Machine Works, Kotlow uye Wagonow L. Zeleniewski uye Fitzner-Gamper S.A. kubva kuSanok (iyo inonzi "Zelenevsky"). April 9, 1937 Tichitarisa nemagwaro aripo, iyi nhau yakakurukurwa kare. Zvichida panguva imwe chete, yekutanga Locomotive Works muPoland SA (inonzi "Fablok") uye Industrial Society of Mechanical Works Lilpop, Rau uye Lowenstein SA (inonzi LRL kana "Lilpop") yakatumirwa. paFirst Locomotive Plant muPoland. Zvinoita sekuti mafekitari aZelenevsky akaita nekukurumidza. Mukufungidzira kwekutanga kwakaunzwa naSanok muna Kukadzi 1937, turera yezvombo nemidziyo yaifanirwa kunge iri muchina une mavhiri mana ane simbi yakadhindwa yakadhindwa furemu uye ekisero yekumberi inotenderera 4 ° munzira imwe neimwe. Mabhureki aifanirwa kuita otomatiki pamavhiri emberi etirailer kana yadhumhana netarakita. 90 matsime makuru emashizha akashanda sehwaro hwekuturika kwemavhiri 32 × 6 pneumatic, uye chitubu chechishanu chakaiswa kuti chinyorovedze dhirowa. Dhirowa rine kuvhura kumativi ose uye yakagadziriswa magumo inogadzirwa nematanda uye makona esimbi. Kuti uchengetedze makrete akaiswa patirailer, pasi pakawedzerwa nehurongwa hwemapuranga emapuranga uye mabhanhire akakodzera (kuderedza vertical uye horizontal movement). Zvinoita sekuti mune yekutanga vhezheni yetirailer pakanga pasina nzvimbo yemabhegi evashandi.

Musi waChikunguru 23, 1937, kondirakiti kubva kuSanok akapa matrailer maviri emhando mune zvakati siyanei kugadziridzwa kune Armored Weapons Supply Directorate (KZBrPants). Mayuniti ese ari maviri, zvisinei, akave akaremerwa uye akati kurei kune zvinotarisirwa neKZBrPants - huremu hunofungidzirwa hwehuremu hwakapfuura hwaitarisirwa ne240 kg. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tsamba dzakachengetwa nezve inodiwa dhizaini shanduko, kunyanya nezvekuderedza uremu hwayo. Mutumbi weKZBrPants modhi, iyo yakadzokororwa yakagadziridzwa uye yakagadziridzwa kutakura seti yakakwana yemidziyo, yakabvumidzwa chete munaGunyana 3, 1938. Maererano nekufungidzira kwekutanga, trailer ine curb uremu hunosvika 1120 kg (maererano nezvimwe. masosi 1140 makirogiramu) aifanira kutakura: 1 bhokisi rine spare barrel (200 kg) , 1 bhokisi rine kit inodiwa (12,5 kg), 3 mabhokisi ane fekitori-yakazara zvombo (37,5 kg imwe neimwe, 12 zvidimbu mumakadhibhodhi machubhu), 13 mabhokisi ane zvombo (25,5 kg imwe neimwe, 8 zvidimbu.), 8 vashandi backpacks (14 kg imwe neimwe) uye 32 × 6 spare vhiri (82,5 kg) - inokwana 851 kg. Pasinei nemvumo yekunyomba, Zvita 22, 1937

KZBrPants yakanyorera kondirakiti netsamba kuti seti itsva yematirarera yaizotumirwa kumiti, kusanganisira. makrete haana kuisirwa mune inventory kusvika zvino. Huremu hwemutoro mutsva i1050 kg, paine chiratidzo chekuti inofanirwa kutakurwa yese. Yakanga yakarongedzwawo kuti kana kubudirira kwekuwedzera basa kuderedza uremu hwetirailer, imwezve (zvombo?) bhokisi uye 2 backpacks zvinofanira kuwedzerwa, asi kuitira kuti uremu hweseti yose hurege kudarika 2000 kg. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti pakupera kwa1937 pakanga patova nematirarera mana emhando yezvombo - matirarera maviri kubva kuZelenevsky uye prototypes akabudiswa naLilpop naFablok. Zvisinei, munyaya yeZelenevsky, kuchinja hakuna kupera, sezvo runyoro rwakasara rweimwe 4 inogadziriswa inozivikanwa.

yaAugust 3, 1938, iyo sezviri pachena haipfigi mhaka yacho.

Nhasi zvakaoma kuona kuti chitarisiko chekupedzisira cheSanok trailer chaive chakaita sei, uye mapikicha ezvienzaniso zvakasara anoratidza kushandiswa kwakafanana kwezvakasiyana zvigadziriso zvakasiyana, semuenzaniso, munzira iyo vhiri repamhepo rakasungirirwa, dhizaini yekutakura zvinhu. bhokisi - kumberi nekumashure mativi anogona kudzikiswa, dhirowa rinoshandiswa, nzvimbo yepfuti mabhegi kana nzvimbo dzekrete. . Zvakwana kutaura kuti kune ese mabhatiri emhando A uye B anti-ndege artillery ane Bofors wz. 36 caliber 40mm, angangoita mazana matatu ezvimedu zvemidziyo nematura epfuti aifanira kuodha nekuunzwa, saka yaive mari inobhadhara kune yega yega makambani ekubhidha. Semuyenzaniso: imwe yekutanga kuverenga yeSanok fekitori, yaKurume 300, yakaratidza kuti mutengo wekupihwa wetirairi prototype waive 1937 zł (kusanganisira: basa 5000 zł, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira 539 zł, musangano unodhura 1822 zł uye zvimwe zvinodhura) . . Chiverengero chechipiri chinoramba chiripo chinoreva kuna Kukadzi 1185 - saka kusati kwasumwa kururamisa kuri pamusoro - uye kunotora kugadzirwa kweakatevedzana makumi maviri neshanu matrailer mukati memwedzi mitanhatu kana makumi mashanu ane nguva yekuendesa yemwedzi minomwe. Mutengo weyuniti yetirailer mune iyi kesi yaifanira kuve PLN 1938 25. Muchirongwa chezvemari chegore rezvemari 6/50, maererano nemidziyo yemotokari yechikwata chekuedza, mutengo wetirairi imwe chete wakaiswa paPLN 7; Kune rimwe divi, mune mamwe magwaro ane tabular runyorwa rwemitengo pachikamu chezvombo nemidziyo ye4659/1937, mutengo wetirailer ine zvombo nemidziyo ingori PLN 38/7000.