Mabhokisi eBritish Army
Yekutanga serial yeBoxer yakashongedzerwa vashandi vatakuri vakatengwa pasi pechirongwa cheMechanized Infantry Vehicle vachaenda kumayuniti eBritish Army muna 2023.
Musi wa5 Mbudzi, Munyori Wezvekudzivirirwa KweBritain, Ben Wallace, akazivisa kuti Mauto eBritain achagashira vatakuri vevashandi vanopfuura mazana mashanu eBoxer, ayo achapihwa neRheinmetall BAE Systems Land joint venture sechikamu chechirongwa cheMechanized Infantry Vehicle. Ichi chiziviso chinogona kuonekwa sekutanga kwekupera kwerwendo rurefu uye rwakanyanya rwendo rweBritish Army uye European GTK/MRAV mutakuri, anozivikanwa nhasi seBoxer, vari kuenda pamwe chete, vakaparadzana uye kudzokera pamwe chete zvakare.
Nhoroondo yekusikwa kweBoxer yakaoma zvikuru uye yakareba, saka ikozvino tichayeuka nguva dzayo dzinonyanya kukosha. Isu tinofanirwa kudzokera ku1993, apo gurukota rezvekudzivirira reGerman neFrance rakazivisa kutanga kwebasa pamubatanidzwa wevatakuri vezvombo. Nekufamba kwenguva, UK yakabatana nechirongwa ichi.
Mugwagwa une makombi...
Muna 1996, sangano reEuropean OCCAR (French: Organization conjointe de coopération en matière d'armement, Organization for United Armaments Cooperation) rakagadzirwa, iro pakutanga raisanganisira: Germany, Great Britain, France neItaly. OCCAR yaifanirwa kusimudzira mubatanidzwa wedziviriro yeindasitiri muEurope. Makore maviri gare gare, ARTEC (Armored Vehicle Technology) consortium, iyo yaisanganisira Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, MAK, GKN uye GIAT, yakasarudzwa kuti iite chirongwa chekutakura vashandi vane mavhiri emauto eFrance, Germany neBritain. Kare muna 1999, France neGIAT (yava kunzi Nexter) vakabuda mumubatanidzwa kuti vagadzire muchina wavo weVBCI, sezvo pfungwa yeBritish-German yakaratidza kusapindirana nezvinodiwa zvakaiswa neArmée de Terre. Mugore rimwe chete, Germany neGreat Britain dzakasaina kondirakiti maererano neiyo ina GTK / MRAV (Gepanzertes Transport-Kraftfahrzeug / Multirole Armored Vehicle) prototypes yakarairwa yeBundeswehr neBritish Army (kontrakiti yakakosha yaive 70 miriyoni mapaundi). Muna Kukadzi 2001, Netherlands yakabatana nemubatanidzwa uye Stork PWV BV (iyo muna 2008 yakava nzvimbo yeboka reRheinmetall uye yakava chikamu cheRheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles seRMMV Netherland), iyo maprototypes mana akarairwa zvakare. Wokutanga wavo - PT1 - yakaratidzwa musi waDecember 12, 2002 muMunich. Mushure mekuratidzwa kwechipiri PT2 muna 2003, motokari yakanzi Boxer. Panguva iyoyo, zvakarongwa kubudisa motokari dzinenge 200 kune mumwe nomumwe wevatori vechikamu mupurogiramu, kutanga muna 2004.
Nekudaro, mu2003, maBritish akaramba kutora chikamu muARTEC consortium (ikozvino yakaumbwa naKrauss-Maffei Wegmann uye Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles) nekuda kwekuomesesa kuchinjika kweGTK / MRAV / PWV (Gepanzerte Transport-Kraftfahrzeug, zvichiteerana: Multirole Armored Vehicle uye Pantserwielvoertuig ) conveyor zvinoenderana neBritish zvinodiwa, incl. kutakura muchikepe cheC-130 ndege. Mauto eBritish akatarisa paFRES (Future Rapid Effect System) chirongwa. Basa racho rakapfuuridzirwa nemaGermany nemaDutch. Kuongororwa kwenguva refu kweiyo prototype kwakakonzera kuti mota yekutanga igamuchirwe kumushandisi muna 2009, makore mashanu anonoka. Zvakazoonekwa kuti mubatanidzwa weARTEC wakaita basa rakanaka nemaBoxers. Kusvika ikozvino, Bundeswehr yakarayira motokari dze403 (uye izvi zvingasava kuguma, sezvo Berlin yakaratidza kudiwa kwemotokari ye2012 mu684), uye Koninklijke Landmacht - 200. Nokufamba kwenguva, Boxer yakatengwa neAustralia (WiT 4 / 2018). ; 211 mota) neLithuania (WiT 7/2019; 91 mota), uye zvakare yakasarudza Slovenia (chibvumirano chekubva pa48 kusvika ku136 mota zvinogoneka, kunyangwe sekureva kweSlovenian Defense White Paper yaKurume wegore rino, kupera kwe kutenga hakunyatso zivikanwi), pamwe Algeria (muna Chivabvu wegore rino muNhepfenyuro yakashuma pamusoro pekugona kuvhurwa kwemvumo yekugadzirwa kweBoxer muAlgeria, uye muna Gumiguru, mapikicha kubva kubvunzo munyika ino akaburitswa - kugadzirwa kuchatanga pakupera. ya2020) uye ... Albion.
MuBritish nekuzvarwa?
MaBritish haana kubudirira muchirongwa cheFRES. Mukati megadziriro yayo, mhuri mbiri dzemotokari dzaifanira kugadzirwa: FRES UV (Utility Vehicle) uye FRES SV (Scout Vehicle). Matambudziko emari eDhipatimendi reDziviriro yeUK, ane chekuita nekutora chikamu mumisheni yekune dzimwe nyika uye nedambudziko rehupfumi hwenyika, zvakakonzera kudzokororwa kwechirongwa ichi - kunyangwe muna Kurume 2010 mupi weScout SV (ASCOD 2, yakagadzirwa neGeneral Dynamics European Land Systems) yakasarudzwa. , pamichina 589 yaidiwa panguva iyoyo (uye tichifunga nezvokudiwa kwemichina 1010 yemhuri dzose dziri mbiri), michina 3000 chete ndiyo ichavakwa. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, FRES UV yanga yatove chirongwa chakafa. Muna Chikumi 2007, masangano matatu akapa zvikumbiro zvemutakuri mutsva wemavhiri weBritish Army: ARTEC (Boxer), GDUK (Piranha V) uye Nexter (VBCI). Hapana mumwe wemashini aizadzisa zvaidiwa, asi aimbove Secretary of State for Defense Equipment and Support, Paul Drayson, akavimbisa kuti zvaigoneka kuchinjisa imwe neimwe kune yakasarudzika zvinodiwa neBritish. Mutongo wakapihwa muna Mbudzi 2007, asi mutongo wakanonoka kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Muna Chivabvu 2008, GDUK nemutakuri wePiranha V yakasarudzwa seyakakunda. General Dynamics UK haina kunakidzwa nazvo kwenguva yakareba, sezvo chirongwa chakamiswa muna Zvita 2008 nekuda kwekunetsa kwebhajeti. Makore mashoma gare gare, apo mamiriro ezvemari muUK aita nani, nyaya yekutenga chinotakura mavhiri yakadzoka. Muna Kukadzi 2014, maVBCI akati wandei akapihwa neFrance kuti aedzwe. Kutenga, zvisinei, hakuna kuitika, uye muna 2015 chirongwa cheScout UV chakatumidzwa zviri pamutemo (uye nokudaro chakatangwazve) seMIV (Mechanized Infantry Vehicle). Paiva nekufungidzira pamusoro pekugona kuwana motokari dzakasiyana-siyana: Patria AMV, GDELS Piranha V, Nexter VBCI, nezvimwewo, Boxer yakasarudzwa.
