British frigates yeCold War. Turbocouple hanzvadzi
British frigates yeCold War. Turbocouple hanzvadzi
Kuwedzerwa kweType 41 uye Type 61 frigates inoratidzwa muGungwa uye Zvikepe Special Issue 3/2016 aive mamwe maviri akateedzana eRoyal Navy escort units, anozivikanwa seakakwidziridzwa Types 12 uye 12, ane yakagadziridzwa hydrodynamics, propulsion uye michina.
Kune zvidzidzo zveBritish purojekiti yePDO zvidhinha, yakaitwa muhafu yechipiri ye40s, "yemuenzaniso" chinangwa chaive ngarava dzepasi pemvura dzinokwanisa kusimudzira kumhanya kweanosvika gumi nemasere mapfundo munzvimbo yakanyura, nefungidziro imwe chete yekuti inogona kuwedzera nekukurumidza. Naizvozvo, Admiralty yaida kuti zvakare mafrigates akagadzirwa aikwanisa kumhanya mhanya we18 knots ane simba rekugadzira 25 25 km uye rwendo rwe20 000 nautical mamaira pakumhanya kwemafundo gumi nemashanu. kupera kwa3000, pakutanga kwegore idzva, pakanga paine shanduko huru munzira yeRoyal Navy kudambudziko rePDO. Zvinoenderana nemirairo yake yazvino, ngarava dzekuperekedza dzaifanira kusvika kumhanya 15 knots nekukurumidza kupfuura vavengi vepasi pemvura. Kubva pano, mushure mekuongorora, zvakaonekwa kuti mafundo makumi maviri nemanomwe angave akakodzera kune "vavhimi" vatsva. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha cheAdmiralty yaive nyaya yekufamba kwendege, kukosha kwayo kwakawedzera kubva kune yakapfuura 1947 kusvika 10 nautical mamaira. panguva imwe chete yehupfumi. Izvo zvakakurumidza kuve pachena kuti kugadzirwa kweiyo steam turbine propulsion system iyo kune rumwe rutivi yaive yakareruka uye compact, uye kune rumwe rutivi yaigona kugadzira simba rinodiwa kuti riwane 27 watts uchichengetedza kushandiswa kwemafuta kunobvumira 3000 mm yekufamba, yaizogona. kusava nyore. Kuita kuti izvi zvinodikanwa zvive zvechokwadi, Admiralty yakazobvuma kudzikamisa kumhanya kwehupfumi kusvika kumapfundo gumi nemaviri (iyo yakaderera inobvumidzwa kuperekedza makoni anofamba ari gumi mapfundo).
Pakutanga, kushanda pachikwata chitsva chePDO chakafamba zvishoma nezvishoma, nekuda kwepamusoro-soro yakapiwa kushandura vaparadzi veHondo Yenyika II kuita basa refrigate. Dhizaini yedhizaini yakagadzirira muna Kukadzi 1950. Kushanda pamafrigate matsva hakuna kutanga kusvika pakutanga kwekuvhara kweWest Berlin, kwakaitika usiku hwaJune 23-24, 1948. Muchirongwa chavo, zvakasarudzwa kushandisa zvinhu zvakakweretwa kubva kune yakambotsanangurwa mhando 41/61 frigates, incl. yakaderera superstructure, artillery muchimiro chezvigaro zviviri Mk V universal pfuti mune 114 mm Mk VI turret (inodzorwa neMk 6M fire control system), pamwe ne2 Mk 10 Limbo madhaka akaiswa muaft "zvakanaka". Midziyo yeradar yaifanira kuve nemhando 277Q uye 293Q radar. Gare gare, mhando mbiri 262 (yekudzivirira-ndege moto pazvinhambwe zvipfupi) uye mhando 275 (yemoto unorwisa ndege pamadaro marefu) yakawedzerwa kwavari. Sonar marudzi 162, 170 uye 174 (yekupedzisira akazotsiviwa nemhando itsva 177) aifanira kuiswa mumudziyo wesonar. Zvakasarudzwawo kuisa zvombo zve torpedo. Pakutanga, aifanirwa kunge aine 4 imwechete yakaiswa zvachose yekuvhura ine chengetedzo yegumi nemaviri torpedoes. Gare gare, izvi zvinodiwa zvakashandurwa kuita makamuri gumi nemaviri, ayo masere (12 pabhodhi aifanirwa kunge akamira), uye mamwe mana, mune 12xII system, inotenderera.
Kushandiswa kwezvitsva zve turbo-steam simba rekudyara kwekufambisa kwakave nekukanganisa huremu uye kupatsanurwa kwehukuru. Kuti ikwanise kuivaka, hull yaifanira kuwedzerwa, mushure mekuongorora kwakawanda, kureba kwayo kwakawedzera ne 9,1 m uye yakafara ne 0,5 m. Shanduko iyi, kunyange zvazvo yakatanga kutsoropodzwa nekutya kukwira kwemitengo, yakave kufamba kwakanaka kwazvo, sekuyedzwa kwedziva rekushambira kwakaratidza kuti kureba kwehull kwakavandudza kuyerera kwelaminar yemvura, zvichiwedzera kukurumidza kunowanikwa ("kureba kwenguva refu"). Iyo nyowani dhiraivha zvakare yakaita kuti zvidikanwe kuisa chimuni chekare panzvimbo yezvisingaonekwe dizeli exhausts. Chimuni chakarongwa chakagadzirwa kuti chisamire kuputika kweatomu. Pakupedzisira, zvisinei, kuita kwakaiswa pamberi pezvinodikanwa zvakakura, izvo ndizvo zvakamanikidza kuti igadziriswe patsva. Yakarebeswa uye yakarerekera kumashure. Shanduko idzi dzakaunza mabhenefiti anobatika, sezvo kuvhuvhuta kwekabhini kwakamiswa, izvo zvakavandudza zvakanyanya mamiriro ekushanda evarindi.
