chii, chiri kupi uye ndechei?

Motokari yemazuva ano inyanzvi yakaoma kunzwisisa. Kunyanya kushamisa iyo nhamba huru yeakasiyana masensa ekuyera ese einjini kushanda paramita pasina kusarudzika.

Ruzivo kubva kune idzi sensors runotumirwa kune yemagetsi control unit, iyo inogadziriswa zvinoenderana neakaomesesa algorithms. Kubva pane data yakagamuchirwa, ECU inosarudza nzira yakakwana yekushanda kuburikidza nekutumira mafungiro emagetsi kune vanoita.

Imwe yeiyi sensors ndeye lambda probe, yatakatotaura kakawanda pamapeji eVodi.su autoportal yedu. Ndechei? Inoita mabasa api? Tichaedza kufunga nezvemibvunzo iyi munyaya ino.

Chinangwa

Rimwe zita remuchina wekuyeresa iyi inzwa yeokisijeni.

Mune akawanda mamodheru, inoiswa mune echaust manifold, mukati mayo anoburitsa magasi kubva muinjini yemotokari anopinda pasi pekumanikidza kwakanyanya uye nekupisa kwakanyanya.

Zvakakwana kutaura kuti lambda probe inogona kuita mabasa ayo nemazvo kana ichidziya kusvika ku400 degrees.

Iyo lambda probe inoongorora huwandu hweO2 mumagasi ekupedza.

Mamwe mamodheru ane maviri eaya masensa:

imwe mu exhaust akawanda pamberi pecatalytic converter;
yechipiri pakarepo mushure mekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa kwakanyatsojeka kwezviyero zvekupisa kwemafuta.

Hazvina kuoma kufungidzira kuti nekushanda kwakanyanya kweinjini, pamwe nejekiseni system, huwandu hweO2 mukubuda hunofanira kunge hushoma.

Kana iyo sensor inoona kuti huwandu hweokisijeni hunopfuura hutsika, chiratidzo chinotumirwa kubva kune iyo yemagetsi control unit, zvichiteerana, ECU inosarudza nzira yekushanda umo kugoverwa kwemhepo-okisijeni musanganiswa kune injini yemotokari inoderedzwa.

Kunzwa kwe sensor kwakakwira zvakanyanya. Iyo yakakwana nzira yekushanda kweiyo simba unit inofungidzirwa kana iyo mhepo-mafuta musanganiswa inopinda mumasilinda ine inotevera kuumbwa: 14,7 chikamu chemafuta chinowira pa 1 zvikamu zvemhepo. Nebasa rakarongeka rehurongwa hwese, huwandu hweokisijeni yakasara mumagasi emhepo inofanira kuva shoma.

Muchidimbu, kana iwe ukatarisa, iyo lambda probe haina kuita basa rinoshanda. Kuiswa kwayo kunoruramiswa chete neyakaomesesa eco-yero yehuwandu hweCO2 mukupedza. Kupfuura zviyero izvi muEurope, faindi dzakakomba dzinopihwa.

Chigadzirwa uye nheyo yekushanda

Chigadzirwa chacho chakanyanya kuoma (kune avo vanhu vasina ruzivo rwemakemikari). Hatingazvitsanangure zvakadzama, tinongopa ruzivo rwese.

Nheyo yekushanda:

2 electrodes, kunze uye mukati. Electrode yekunze ine platinum coating, iyo inonyatsonzwa kune okisijeni. Iyo sensor yemukati inogadzirwa ne zirconium alloy;
iyo yemukati electrode iri pasi pesimba rekupedza magasi, iyo yekunze inosangana nemhepo yemuchadenga;
apo iyo sensor yemukati inopisa mu zirconium dioxide ceramic base, mutsauko unogona kuumbwa uye magetsi maduku emagetsi anooneka;
iyi inogona mutsauko uye sarudza iyo okisijeni yemukati mumagasi ekupedza.

Mumusanganiswa wakapiswa zvakakwana, iyo Lambda index kana yakawandisa mhepo coefficient (L) yakaenzana neimwe. Kana L yakakura kudarika imwe, ipapo okisijeni yakawandisa uye peturu shoma inopinda mumusanganiswa. Kana L iri pasi peimwe, ipapo okisijeni haitsva zvachose nekuda kwekuwanda kwepeturu.

Chimwe chezvinhu zveprobe chinhu chakakosha chekudziya kupisa ma electrode kune tembiricha inodiwa.

Kukanganisa

Kana iyo sensor ikatadza kana kuendesa data isiriyo, saka yemagetsi "brains" yemotokari haizokwanisi kupa mhedziso dzakaringana kune jekiseni system nezve yakanakisa kuumbwa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa. Ndiko kuti, kushandisa kwako mafuta kunogona kuwedzera, kana zvinopesana, kudhonza kunoderera nekuda kwekupihwa kwemusanganiswa wakaonda.

Izvi, zvakare, zvinozotungamira mukuderera kwekuita kweinjini, kudonha kwesimba, kuderera kwekumhanya uye kuita kwesimba. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kunzwa hunhu hunoputika mune inoshandura inoshandura.

Zvikonzero zvekutadza kwe lambda probe:

peturu yemhando yakaderera ine huwandu hwehutsvina - ichi ndicho chikonzero chinowanzo kuRussia, sezvo mafuta ane zvakawanda zvinotungamira;
injini yemafuta inosvika pane sensor nekuda kwekupfeka kwepiston mhete kana kuisirwa kwavo kwemhando yepamusoro;
kutsemuka kwewaya, matunhu mapfupi;
vatorwa michina zvinwiwa mu exhaust;
kukuvara kwemagetsi.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kutaura kuti vatyairi vazhinji muRussia vanotsiva iyo catalyst neanosunga moto. Isu takatonyora paVodi.su nei vachizviita. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa uku, kudiwa kwechipiri lambda probe kunonyangarika (iyo yaive mune resonator kuseri kwecatalytic converter), sezvo murazvo wemoto usingakwanise kuchenesa magasi ekuburitsa zvinobudirira senge catalyst.

Mune mamwe mamodheru, zvinokwanisika kusiya iyo lambda probe nekugadzirisa zvakare iyo yemagetsi control unit. Mune dzimwe, izvi hazvibviri.