chii uye nei ichidiwa? Zviratidzo zvekuputsika, mufananidzo

Motokari ndeimwe yemanyuko makuru ekusvibiswa kwemhepo. Munguva yekupiswa kwemafuta, inenge yese periodic tafura yezvinhu inoburitswa mumhepo, pamwe nemhando dzakasiyana dzemakomisheni: nitrogen, mhute yemvura, okisijeni, carbon dioxide uye oxides, soot, benzapyrene. Vagari vemaguta makuru vakakwanisa kuona "mazango" ese ekukuvadza kune zvakasikwa: misoro, bronchitis, kenza yekufema, kufema uye kutadza kwemoyo. Zvirimwa, mhuka, ivhu, mvura yepasi zvinotambura.

Pane mhinduro kune dambudziko: kuderedza kusvibiswa kunokuvadza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Kuti izvi zviitike, vagadziri vemotokari vaifanirwa kuvandudza kugona kwekupisa kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa, uye kuisa catalytic converters uye catalysts mune exhaust system. Chii chinonzi catalyst, chinoshanda sei, kuti chingachitsiva sei - tichaona nyaya idzi muzvinyorwa zvemazuva ano pane vodi.su portal.

catalytic converter mumotokari

Nemashoko akapfava, catalyst mudziyo wekusefa magasi anobuditsa. Asi, kusiyana nesefa yakajairwa, iyo neutralizer inochenesa kupera kuburikidza nemakemikari maitiro ayo anoshanda anopinda. Ziva kuti kunyangwe mushanduri haagone kubata neXNUMX% kuchenesa, inongogadzirirwa kudzikisa zvirimo zvezvinotevera exhaust gasi zvikamu:

• mahydrocarbons;
• nitric oxide;
• oxides of carbon.

Ndiwo magasi aya ari pakati pemagreenhouse magasi uye anotungamira kumhedzisiro yakaipa kwazvo. Semuenzaniso, smog pedyo nemigwagwa mikuru inoitika nekuda kwekuwanda kwehuwandu hwemahydrocarbons (soot) mumhepo. Carbon monoxide uye nitrogen monoxide magasi ane muchetura anoita kuti enhi ive nehunhuhwira. Kufema kwavo kunyange kwenguva pfupi kunotungamirira kurufu.

Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvitatu izvi zvekupedza simba chinokanganiswa nemhando yakasiyana yekushandura:

1. platinum;
2. rhodium;
3. palladium.

Zvakare, mumhando dzepamusoro-soro dzezvinoshandura goridhe, goridhe rinopfapfaidzwa pamusoro pemizinga yeuchi inopfuura nepapo. Sezvauri kuona, aya ese masimbi anokosha anodhura. Nechikonzero ichi, kutsiva converter hakusi kunakidzwa kwakachipa.

Nheyo yekushanda inobva pakuita kwemakemikari: apo mamorekuru, semuenzaniso, nitric oxide inopindirana nerhodium, maatomu enitrogen anosunga uye anogara pamahwendefa, uye okisijeni inosunungurwa. An oxidation reaction inoitwawo - nekuda kwekuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekushisa, kupera kunoiswa oxidized, uye zvinhu zvinokuvadza zviri mairi zvinongopisa uye zvinogara pamizinga.

Ziva kuti pakushanda kwakajairika kwecatalytic converter, inodiwa kuti chikamu chinogara chiripo cheokisijeni kusvika pakusimwa kwemafuta chichengetedzwe mumafuta-mhepo musanganiswa. Oxygen sensors inoiswa panzvimbo yekupinza uye kubuda kweshanduko, iyo inoongorora kuumbwa kwemagesi ekupedza. Kana yakawandisa kabhoni kana nitrogen ikaonekwa, chiratidzo chinowirirana chinotumirwa kubhodhi komputa.

Catalyst malfunctions: inotyisidzira sei injini?

Zviripachena kuti, sezvakaita chero chinhu chesefa, nekufamba kwenguva, zvigadzirwa zvekupisa zvakawandisa zvinoungana mushanduri uye inoda kutsiviwa. Zvakare, iyi exhaust system musangano inogona kukundikana nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero:

• mafuta emhando yakaderera ane huwandu hwesarufa, parafini, additives;
• injini malfunctions, nekuda kwekuti mafuta haapisi zvachose;
• kukuvara kwemagetsi.

Kana iyo catalytic converter iri kushanda zvakajairwa, soot deposits inotsva nguva nenguva. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, simbi kana ceramic mizinga inonyungudika, ichivharira kubuda kwezvigadzirwa zvinopisa. Injini, sekutaura kunoita vatyairi, inotanga kukachidzwa.

Chii chinoitika kana converter yakavharwa zvachose:

• traction uye throttle mhinduro inorasika;
• kune matambudziko nekutanga chikwata chemagetsi, kunyanya munguva yechando "pane inotonhora";
• kuderera kwekukurumidza - kunyange kana throttle yakazaruka kusvika pakakwirira, tachometer inoratidza chete 2,5-3,5 zviuru zvekuchinja paminiti.

Kana isu tikasatanga kubvisa dambudziko iri panguva yakakodzera, kunyange matambudziko akakomba akatimirira: soot inotanga kuiswa yakananga papombi yekupopotera yemuffler uye mune yakawanda yekuburitsa, isu tinofanirwa kurodha injini nesimba rakazara. izvo zvinotungamira mukupfeka kwekutanga kwepiston nemasilinda.

Kutsiva chinogadzirisa chinoshandura

Pane akati wandei sarudzo dzekugadzirisa dambudziko iri, ratakambotaura nezvaro pane vodi.su webhusaiti. Iyo yakanyanya kujeka nzira yekubuda ndeye kuenda kuchitoro chekambani yeautomaker yako uye kuraira kuisirwa kweiyo yekutanga catalyst. Basa racho haridhuri. Asi pakutengesa iwe unogona kutowana ma cartridges pachawo (kugadzirisa zvidhinha), izvo zvakachipa zvakanyanya. Imwe nzira yekubuda nayo: kana mizinga yeuchi yaive ceramic, tenga bhuroka nesimbi yeuchi. Mutengo uchave uri pakati pe4000 rubles uye pamusoro pamwe nekuisa.

Kana iwe usingadi kushandisa mari yakadaro, panzvimbo ye neutralizer, vanoisa chirongo chemoto wemoto uye snag panzvimbo yeLambda probes. Ehe, kuchengetedza kuchave kwakakosha, injini ichashanda zvakanyanya zvakanyanya. Asi dambudziko nderokuti chiyero chehupfu hachichapindirani neEuro 6, 5, 4. Ndiko kuti, haungakwanisi kufamba kune dzimwe nyika pamotokari yakadaro, uye nokukurumidza kunyange kuMoscow nemamwe maguta makuru. Naizvozvo, isu hatikurudzire kuita rudzi urwu rwe "kugadzirisa". Iyo catalyst chigadzirwa chikuru chinobatsira kuvandudza mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza pasi rose, uye kana uchibvisa, yeuka kuti iwe nevana vako munofema mweya, uye hutano hwevanhu hunoenderana nekusvibiswa kwayo.

Catalyst, chii ichocho?

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