chii chiri mumota? Ndechei? Vhidhiyo yemifananidzo
Sezvaunoziva, mota dzakapa mupiro wakakura kune chikonzero chekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Migumisiro yekusvibiswa uku inoonekwa kune ziso rakashama - smog ine chepfu mu megacities, nekuda kwekuti kuonekwa kunonyanya kuderedzwa, uye vagari vanomanikidzwa kupfeka gauze mabhandeji. Kudziya kwepasi rose ndechimwe chokwadi chisingarambiki: kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, mazaya echando ari kunyunguduka, kukwira kwemakungwa.
Rega kunonoka, asi matanho ekudzikisa kuburitswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza mumhepo ari kutorwa. Isu nguva pfupi yadarika takanyora paVodi.su nezve inosungirwa midziyo ye exhaust system ine particulate mafirita uye catalytic converters. Nhasi tichataura nezve exhaust gasi recirculation system - EGR.
Pedza gasi kudzokorora
Kana iyo catalytic converter uye particulate sefa ine basa rekudzikisa kabhoni dhaidhiyodhi uye soot mukupopota, saka iyo EGR system yakagadzirirwa kuderedza nitrogen oxide. Nitric oxide (IV) igasi rine chepfu. Mumhepo, inogona kuita nemhute yemvura uye okisijeni kuumba nitric acid uye mvura yeasidhi. Iyo ine mhedzisiro yakaipa kwazvo pa mucous membranes yemunhu, uye inoshanda senge oxidizing agent, ndiko kuti, nekuda kwayo, kukurumidza kuora kunoitika, kongiri madziro anoparadzwa, nezvimwe.
Kuderedza nitrogen oxide emissions, EGR vharuvhu yakagadziridzwa kupisa zvakare zvinokuvadza zvinobuda. Nemashoko akareruka, iyo recycling system inoshanda seizvi:
- gasi rinopedza simba kubva kune yakawanda yekutsvaira inotungamirirwa kumashure kune yakawanda yekutora;
- apo nitrogen inopindirana nemhepo yemhepo, kutonhora kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa kunokwira;
- mumasilinda, nitrogen dioxide yese inenge yatsva zvachose, sezvo okisijeni ndiyo inokonzeresa.
Iyo EGR system yakaiswa pane ese dizeli uye peturu mukati memoto injini. Kazhinji inobatidzwa chete pane mamwe mamhanyisa enjini. Saka pa peturu ICEs, iyo EGR vharafu inoshanda chete pakati nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Pachisina basa uye pamasimba epamusoro, yakavharwa. Asi kunyange pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akadaro, magasi emhepo anopa kusvika ku20% yeokisijeni inodiwa yekupisa mafuta.
Painjini dzedhiziri, EGR haishande chete pamutoro mukuru. Exhaust gasi recirculation pane dhiziri injini inopa kusvika 50% okisijeni. Ndokusaka vachionekwa sevanonyanya kukoshesa zvakatipoteredza. Ichokwadi, chiratidzo chakadaro chinogona kuwanikwa chete munyaya yekucheneswa kwakakwana kwemafuta edizeli kubva kuparafini uye tsvina.
EGR mhando
Chinhu chikuru che recirculation system ivhavha inogona kuvhura kana kuvhara zvichienderana nekumhanya. Kune marudzi matatu makuru eEGR mavharuvhu ari kushandiswa nhasi:
- pneumo-mechanical;
- electro-pneumatic;
- zvemagetsi.
Iwo ekutanga akaiswa pamotokari dzema1990. Zvinhu zvikuru zvevhavha yakadaro yaiva damper, chitubu uye pneumatic hose. Kuvhura kana kuvhara kwe damper kunoitwa nekuwedzera kana kuderera kwegasi. Saka, pakumhanya kwakaderera, kudzvanywa kwakaderera, pakumhanya kwepakati damper iri hafu yakazaruka, pahupamhi yakazaruka yakazaruka, asi vharuvhu pachayo yakavharwa uye saka magasi haadzorerwe kumashure mune yakawanda yekudyara.
Magetsi nemagetsi mavharuvhu anoshanda pasi pekutonga kwemagetsi ekudzora unit. Musiyano chete ndewekuti solenoid valve ine damper yakafanana uye dhiraivha yekuvhura / kuivhara. Mune shanduro yemagetsi, damper haipo zvachose, magasi anopfuura nemakomba maduku akasiyana-siyana, uye solenoids inokonzera kuvhura kana kuvhara.
EGR: zvakanakira, zvinokanganisa, vharafu plug
Iyo sisitimu pachayo haina kana mhedzisiro pakuita kweinjini. Kunyangwe, zvakangoita theoretically, nekuda kwekudzokororwa mushure mekupisa kwekupedza, zvinokwanisika kudzikisa zvishoma kushandiswa kwemafuta. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka pane peturu injini - kuchengetwa kwehurongwa hwezvikamu zvishanu. Chimwe chekuwedzera ndiko kudzikiswa kwehuwandu hwesoot mukupopota, zvichiteerana, iyo particulate sefa haivharike nekukurumidza. Hatizotauri nezvezvakanakira zvakatipoteredza, nekuti izvi zvatove pachena.
Kune rimwe divi, nekufamba kwenguva, huwandu hukuru hwesoti hunoungana paEGR mavharuvhu. Chekutanga, avo varidzi vemotokari vanozadza yakaderera-mhando dhiziri uye vanoshandisa yakaderera-giredhi injini mafuta vanotambura nenjodzi iyi. Kugadzirisa kana kucheneswa kwakakwana kwevhavha inogona kuramba ichibhadharwa, asi kuitsiva ndiyo matongo chaiwo.
Nokudaro, chisarudzo chinoitwa kuvhara valve. Inogona kubvongodzwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kuisa purogi, kudzima simba revhavha "chip", kuvharidzira chibatanidza nechinopikisa, etc. Kune rumwe rutivi, kuwedzera kwekushanda kwejini kunoonekwa. Asi panewo matambudziko. Kutanga, iwe unofanirwa kupenya ECU. Chechipiri, kushanduka kwakakosha kwemamiriro ekushisa kunogona kucherechedzwa muinjini, izvo zvinotungamira mukutsva kwemavharuvhu, gaskets, zvivharo zvemusoro, uye kuumbwa kwemavara matema pamakenduru uye kuunganidzwa kwesoti mumasilinda pachawo.
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