Izvo zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve yako mota yemagetsi system?

Electrical maitiro. Musimboti webasa

Mashandiro anoita magetsi emotokari. Magetsi emotokari ane bhatiri-powered circuit rakavharwa. Inoshanda pane chikamu chiduku chesimba redunhu reimba. Pamusoro pemasekete makuru ekuchaja, kutanga uye kupisa, kune mamwe maseketi ane simba remwenje, mota dzemagetsi, sensors uye zviyero zvemidziyo yemagetsi, kupisa zvinhu, magineti kukiya, maredhiyo, etc. Maseketi ese anovhurwa uye akavharwa kana nekuchinja. kana relays - kure kure switch inodzorwa nemagetsi emagetsi. Yazvino inoyerera netambo kubva mubhatiri ichienda kuchikamu chemagetsi uye ichidzokera kubhatiri kuburikidza nemuviri wesimbi wemotokari. Imba yacho yakabatana nebhatiri pasi terminal netambo gobvu. Mune yakashata (-) grounding system, ikozvino inoyerera kubva kune yakanaka (+) terminal kuenda kune chikamu chiri kushandiswa. Chikamu chinodzikwa pamutumbi wemotokari, uyo wakadzikwa pane negative (-) bhatiri terminal.

Motokari yemagetsi system

Rudzi urwu redunhu runodaidzwa kunzi grounding system, uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe chakabatana nemuviri wemotokari chinonzi pasi. Ikozvino inoyerwa mu amperes (amperes); Iko kumanikidza kuno tenderera kutenderera kunodaidzwa kunzi voltage (volts). Mota dzemazuva ano dzine 12-volt bhatiri. Kukwanisa kwayo kunoyerwa mu amperes / awa. Bhatiri 56Ah rinofanira kupa 1A kwemaawa makumi mashanu nemashanu kana 56A kwemaawa makumi maviri nemasere. Kana bhatiri remagetsi richidonha, mashoma azvino anoyerera uye pakupedzisira hapana zvakakwana zvikamu zvekushandisa. Ikozvino, voltage uye kuramba. Iyo mwero wekuramba kwetambo kusvika parizvino inonzi kuramba uye inopimwa mu ohms. Waya dzakatetepa dziri nyore kubata pane dzakakora nekuti maerekitironi ane nzvimbo shoma yekupfuura.
Mazhinji esimba rinodiwa kuti riunze zvazvino kuburikidza nekushora rinoshandurwa kuita kupisa.

Pfungwa dzekutanga dzemagetsi mashandiro

Izvi zvinogona kubatsira, semuenzaniso, mune yakatetepa mwenje girobhu rinovhenekera nechena inopisa mwenje. Nekudaro, chinhu chine simba guru rekushandisa hachifanirwe kunge chakabatana newaya dzakatetepa, zvikasadaro waya dzinopisa, kupisa kana kupisa. Magetsi ese akabatana: voltage ye1 volt inokonzeresa yazvino ye1 ampere kupfuura nekupokana kwe1 ohm. Volt yakakamurwa kuita ohms yakaenzana nema amperes. Semuenzaniso, 3 ohm mwenje girobhu mune 12 volt system inoshandisa 4 A. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inofanirwa kuve yakabatana newaya gobvu zvakakwana kuti zvinyatsotakura 4 A. Kazhinji mvura yechinhu inoratidzirwa mumawatts, ayo anoonekwa nekuwandisa ma amplifaya uye volt. Rambi mumuenzaniso rinoshandisa 48 watts.

Electrical system polarity

Yakanaka uye yakaipa polarity
Magetsi anongoyerera kubva kune rimwe bhatiri munzira imwechete, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinongoshanda chete kana kuyerera kuburikidza navo kuchinongedzwa munzira kwayo. Uku kugamuchirwa kweimwe-nzira kuyerera kunonzi polarity. Pamota zhinji, iyo isina kunaka () bhatiri terminal yakavakirwa pasi uye iyo yakanaka (+) magetsi anowanikwa kune emagetsi system. Iyi inonzi yakaipa grounding system uye, semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukatenga zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, ita shuwa kuti inokodzera system yemota yako. Kuisa redhiyo ine polarity isiriyo kunokuvadza kit, asi mazhinji mawairesi emotokari ane switch yekunze yekunze kuenderana nemota. Chinja kune chaiyo marongero usati waisa.

Ipfupi redunhu uye fuses

Kana tambo yehukuru hwakashata ikashandiswa, kana kana iyo tambo ikatsemuka kana kutyoka, inogona kukonzeresa netsaona pfupi redunhu kupfuura izvo zvinopesana. Ikozvino mune tambo inogona kukwirira zvine njodzi nekunyungudutsa waya kana kukonzera moto. Iyo fuse bhokisi inowanzo kuwanikwa muboka rechinhu sezvakaratidzwa pano. Bhokisi rinoratidzwa nevhavha yakavharwa. Kudzivirira izvi, maseketi ebetsero anosanganiswa. Rudzi rwakajairika rwefiyuzi ipfupi kureba kwetambo nhete yakavharirwa mudzimba dzinodziya, kazhinji inogadzirwa negirazi. Saizi yemuchengetedze conductor ndiyo yakatetepa inogona kumira yakajairika yazvino yedunhu isina kupisa uye yakarongedzwa mumamperes. Kuerekana kwasvika kwepamusoro-padunhu razvino kunoita kuti fiyuzi fiyeti inyunguduke kana "kuputika," zvichikonzera kuzaruka kwedunhu.

Electrical system cheki

Kana izvi zvikaitika, tarisa dunhu pfupi kana rakavhurika, wobva waisa fiyuzi nyowani neakakodzera amperage (ona Kutarisa uye Kutsiva maFuses). Kune mafiyuzi mazhinji, rimwe nerimwe richidzivirira boka diki rezvinhu kuitira kuti fiyuzi imwe isavhara iyo sisitimu yese. Mafuse mazhinji akabatanidzwa mubhokisi re fuse, asi panogona kunge paine fuses yemutsara mu wiring. Serial uye yakafanana nematunhu. Dunhu rinowanzo sanganisira zvinopfuura chinhu chimwe, sechiedza chema girobhu mumatunhu emwenje. Izvo zvine basa kuti zvakabatana here zvakateedzana kana zvakafanana kune imwe. Semuenzaniso, mwenje wemwenje une kumwe kumisidzana kuitira kuti idhonze imwe yazvino kuti ipenye mushe. Asi pane angangoita maviri mwenje mumaketani. Kana zvaive zvakabatanidzwa zvakateedzana, magetsi emagetsi aifanirwa kupfuura nemwenje mumwe kuti asvike kune imwe.

Kuramba mune yemagetsi system

Iyo yazvino inosangana nekupokana kaviri, uye iyo mbiri kuramba ichapetana pari zvino, kuti mababu apenye zvishoma. Kufananidzwa kwakabatana kwemarambi kunoreva kuti magetsi anopfuura nemwenje yegirobhu yega kamwe chete. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuve zvakabatana munhevedzano. Semuenzaniso, anotumira mutangi yemafuta anochinja kushomeka kwayo zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemafuta ari mutangi uye "anotumira" magetsi emagetsi mashoma zvichienderana nesaizi yemafuta. Izvo zvinhu zviviri zvakabatana zvakateedzana, saka shanduko yekumira mune iyo sensor inokanganisa chinzvimbo cheiyo sensor tsono. Maseketi ebetsero. Iyo yekutanga ine yayo inorema tambo, zvakananga kubva kubhatiri. Iko kuvesa wedunhu kunopa yakakwira voltage pulses kune iyo kuvesa; uye iyo yekuchaja system inosanganisira jenareta iyo inobhadharisa bhatiri. Mamwe macircuit anonzi macircuit anobatsira.

Kubatana kwemagetsi

Mazhinji acho akabatana kuburikidza neye switch yekuchinja, saka anongoshanda chete kana iko kuvesa kuri. Izvi zvinokutadzisa kubva netsaona kusiya chero chinhu chingakonzera bhatiri rako. Nekudaro, iwo mativi nemarambi ekumashure, ayo anogona kunge achifanirwa kusiiwa akavharwa kana mota yakamiswa, anogara akabatana zvisinei nemabatiro emwenje. Paunenge uchiisa zvekusarudzika zvishandiso senge ine simba kumashure hwindo dhizaini, gara uchimhanya nayo kuburikidza nemwenje switch. Zvimwe zvinhu zvekubatsira zvinogona kushanda pasina kuvesa nekuchinja switch kune chinzvimbo chekubatsira. Iyi switch inowanzobatanidza redhiyo kuti igone kuridzwa kana injini yadzimwa. Mawaya uye akadhindwa maseketi. Chishandiso chinobatanidza nePCB ichi chinobviswa nekusvina yakavakirwa-mukati misungo kumagumo ega ega.

Zvimwe zvinowedzerwa nezve iyo magetsi system

Waya uye saizi tambo dzakarongedzwa zvinoenderana neazvino marefu avanogona kutakura zvakachengeteka. Network yakaoma kunzwisisa inomhanya nemumuchina. Kuti udzivise kuvhiringidzika, waya yega yega ine mavara-akanyorwa (asi mumota chete: hapana yenyika kana epasi rose kara-kodhi system). Mazhinji emabhuku emota uye emabhuku ebasa ane madhirowa ewiring ayo angave akaoma kunzwisisa. Nekudaro, kodhi yemavara igwara rinoshanda rekutevera zviitiko. Kana waya dzichimhanya padivi peimwe, dzakasungwa, mapurasitiki kana machira akakwenenzverwa kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuisa. Iyi simbi yetambo inowedzera kureba kwese kwemotokari, uye waya imwe chete kana mapoka madiki ewaya anoonekwa pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, izvo zvinonzi waya yakakoswa.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeipi basa remafuse mumaseketi emagetsi emotokari? Mumotokari, fuse dzine basa rimwe chete. Vanodzivirira kuumbwa kwekuremerwa mumagetsi emagetsi emotokari pa-board network.

Mafusi akasiyana sei? Fuse imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa mutoro chaiwo. Kuti muridzi wemotokari akwanise kuona kuti ndeipi fuse inodiwa kune imwe node, iyo yakanyanya amperage inoratidzwa pane zvese zvigadzirwa.

Nzira yekutarisa fuses mumotokari vari kushanda kana kwete? Zvakakwana kubvisa fuse kubva pachigadziko, uye ona kana waya iri mairi yakatsva. Mune fuse yekare, izvi zvinogona kuitwa pasina kuibvisa kubva pachigadziko.

Mafuse anoshandisirei? Kupisa kwakanyanya kwetambo yefuse nekuda kwekuremerwa kwakanyanya kunoita kuti tambo iyi inyunguduke. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti fuse ikurumidze kudzima dunhu rakaremerwa.