API inorevei mumafuta emota?
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API inorevei mumafuta emota?

09.11.2022 /

Iyo injini yemafuta API inomiririra inomiririra American Petroleum Institute. API isangano rakakura kwazvo rekutengesa muindasitiri yemafuta uye gasi. Pamusoro pemabasa akawanda, API inogovera anopfuura mazana maviri ezviuru makopi ezvinyorwa zvayo zvehunyanzvi pagore. Aya magwaro anokurukura maitiro ehunyanzvi uye zvinodiwa kuti uwane zviyero.

Iyo API inovhara kwete chete indasitiri yemafuta uye gasi, asiwo chero indasitiri inokanganisa zvido zvemafuta. Nekudaro, iyo API inotsigira zvikamu zvakasiyana seye API chiyero chechokwadi tambo geji, compression ignition (dhiziri) injini, uye mafuta.

API mafuta classification system

Pakati pezviyero zvakawanda zveAPI, pane hurongwa hunovimbisa kuti mafuta anopa yunifomu yekudzivirira injini. Inonzi SN classification system uye yakatenderwa muna 2010, inotsiva yekare SM system. Iyo CH system inopa:

• Kuvandudzwa kwekudzivirira kwepiston pakupisa kwepamusoro. • Kugadziriswa kwedhaka rakavandudzwa. • Kuvandudza kuwirirana nezvisimbiso uye mishonga yemafuta (detergents).

Kuti unyatso kutevedzera SN standard, mafuta anofanirawo kupa akanakisa:

• Dziviriro yemotokari ye exhaust system • Dziviriro yemotokari turbocharging system • Ethanol-based fuel kutevedza

Kana chigadzirwa chepetroleum chikazadzisa zvese izvi zvinodiwa, inoonekwa seSN kutevedzera uye inogamuchira API mvumo. Kune vatengi, izvi zvinoreva kuti oiri inokwanisika, inoshanda, inoenderana neyese inoshanda yemubatanidzwa uye yenyika mirau, inochengetedza nharaunda, uye inosangana neyese chengetedzo zviyero. Iyi inyaya ine hukasha.

API chiratidzo chemvumo

Kana oiri ikatenderwa kusangana neSN standard, inogamuchira yakaenzana neiyo API chisimbiso. Inonzi donut ne API, inoita senge donut nekuti inotsanangura zviyero izvo mafuta anosangana nazvo. Pakati peiyo donut iwe unowana iyo SAE chiyero. Kuti ibvumidzwe kuti itevedzwe zvizere, oiri inofanirwa kusangana zvizere neSAE mafuta viscosity zviyero. Kana oiri ikasangana neSAE (Society of Automotive Injiniya) zvinodiwa, inogamuchira yakakodzera viscosity rating. Saka oiri inotenderwa seSAE 5W-30 oiri inoratidza iyo mvumo pakati peiyo API donut. Chinyorwa chiri pakati chichaverenga SAE 10W-30.

Iwe uchawana mota yechigadzirwa mhando pane yekunze mhete yeAPI mhete. Chokwadi, uku ndiko kunaka kweiyo API system. Nechiratidzo chimwe chekubvumidza, iwe unowana rumwe ruzivo. Muchiitiko ichi, mhete yekunze ye API donut inotakura ruzivo rwemhando yemotokari uye gore rekugadzira motokari.

ID yemotokari ingave S kana C. S zvinoreva kuti chigadzirwa ndechemota yepeturu. C zvinoreva kuti chigadzirwa ndechemotokari yedhiziri. Inoratidzika kuruboshwe rwechiratidzo chemavara maviri. Kudivi rekurudyi iwe unowana iyo yemuenzaniso gore kana modhi yenguva yekududza. Iyo yazvino modhi yezita iN. Saka, chigadzirwa chepetroleum chinohwina API conformance chine identifier SN yemotokari iripo yepeturu uye CN yemotokari yedhiziri iripo.

Ziva kuti chiyero chitsva chakajairika chinonzi SN standard. Iyo chiyero chitsva, chakagadziridzwa muna 2010, chinoshanda kumotokari dzakagadzirwa kubva 2010.

Kukosha Kwekutevedzera API

Kufanana nekuteerera kweSAE, kutevedzera API kunopa vatengi imwe nhanho yekuvimba kuti chigadzirwa chepetroleum chinosangana neimwe nhanho yekumisikidza. Uku kumira kunoreva kuti kana chigadzirwa chakanyorwa kuti 10W-30, chinosangana nezviyero zve viscosity pamusoro pehuwandu hwemamiriro ekushisa. Zvechokwadi, mafuta aya achaita semafuta e-viscosity makumi matatu, achipa iyo nhanho yekudzivirira kubva kune minus 30 kusvika ku35 degrees. Iyo API standard inokuudza kana chigadzirwa chiri chepeturu kana dhiziri. Chekupedzisira, chiyero ichi chinokuudza kuti zvigadzirwa zvemafuta zvakafanana muNew York, Los Angeles, Miami, kana Charlotte.

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