Ziso pabhatiri rinorevei: dema, chena, tsvuku, girini
Zviri mukati
Varidzi vemota havafanirwe kuziva kuomesesa kweinjiniya yemagetsi uye kugona hunyanzvi hwevane ruzivo vanounganidza. Nekudaro, mamiriro ebhatiri pasi pehodhi akakosha zvakakwana kune yakavimbika kushanda kwemotokari, uye zvinodikanwa kuiongorora pasina kushandisa nguva yakawanda nemari pakugara uchishanyira tenzi.
Vagadziri vemabhatiri anogadziriswa (mabhatiri) vakaedza kubuda mumamiriro ezvinhu nekuisa chiratidzo chemavara chiri nyore pamusoro penyaya, iyo iyo munhu anogona kutonga mamiriro ezvinhu mune yazvino sosi pasina kutarisisa mukati mekuoma kwekushanda kwekuyera. zviridzwa.
Sei uchida peephole mubhatiri remotokari
Chiyero chinonyanya kukosha chemamiriro ebhatiri kuvepo kwehuwandu hwakakwana hwe electrolyte yehutsika density.
Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chebhatiri (bhangi) chinoshanda seye electrochemical inodzoreredza ikozvino jenareta, kuunganidza uye kuendesa simba remagetsi. Iyo inoumbwa semugumisiro wekuita munzvimbo inoshanda ye electrode yakamisikidzwa nemhinduro ye sulfuric acid.
Bhatiri relead-asidhi, kana raburitswa, kubva mumushonga une aqueous we sulfuric acid inoumba sulfate inotungamira kubva kuoxide uye spongy metal pane anode (positive electrode) uye cathode, zvichiteerana. Panguva imwecheteyo, kusangana kwemhinduro kunodonha, uye kana yanyatsobudiswa, electrolyte inoshanduka kuva mvura yakasvibiswa.
Izvi hazvifaniri kubvumirwa, zvichava zvakaoma, kana zvisingaiti, kudzorera zvachose simba remagetsi ebheteri mushure mekubuda kwakadzika kwakadaro. Vanoti bhatiri richava sulfated - makristasi makuru e-lead sulfate anoumbwa, iyo insulator uye haizokwanisi kuitisa ikozvino inodiwa pakuchaja maitiro kune electrode.
Izvo zvinogoneka kupotsa nguva iyo bhatiri rinoburitswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana nekusateerera maitiro. Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kugara uchitarisa mamiriro ekubhadhara kwebheteri. Haasi munhu wese anogona kuzviita. Asi munhu wese anogona kutarisa chivharo chebhatiri uye kuona kutsauka nemuvara wechiratidzo. Pfungwa yacho inotaridzika zvakanaka.
Chigadzirwa chacho chakagadzirwa segomba rakatenderera rakafukidzwa nepurasitiki yakajeka. Inowanzonzi ziso. Zvinotendwa, uye izvi zvinoratidzwa mumirayiridzo, kuti kana yakasvibirira, saka zvinhu zvose zvakanaka, bhatiri inopomerwa. Mamwe mavara acharatidza kumwe kutsauka. Muchokwadi, zvese hazvisi nyore.
Mashandisiro anoita bhatiri chiratidzo
Sezvo imwe neimwe muenzaniso yebhatiri yakashongedzerwa nechiratidzo, kwainopihwa, yakagadziridzwa maererano nemusimboti wekunyanya kureruka uye mutengo wakaderera. Zvinoenderana nemaitiro echiito, inofanana neiyo yakapfava hydrometer, uko kuwanda kwemhinduro kunotarirwa neyekupedzisira yeanoyangarara.
Imwe neimwe ine calibrated density yayo uye inongoyangarara mumvura ine density yakakwirira. Iwo anorema ane vhoriyamu yakafanana achanyura, akareruka achayangarara.
Iyo yakavakirwa-mukati chiratidzo inoshandisa tsvuku uye girinhi mabhora, zvakare ane akasiyana densities. Kana iyo yakanyanya kurema yakavepo - yakasvibira, ipapo density ye electrolyte yakakwira zvakakwana, bhatiri rinogona kunzi rakabhadharwa.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chechimiro chekushanda kwayo, kuwanda kweiyo electrolyte kune mutsara kune hukama neiyo electromotive simba (EMF), kureva, voltage pamaterminal echinhu pakuzorora pasina mutoro.
Kana bhora regirini risingabudi, iro dzvuku rinoonekwa muchiratidzo hwindo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti density yakaderera, bhatiri rinoda recharged. Mamwe mavara, kana aripo, anoreva kuti hapana kana bhora rimwe chete rinoyangarara, anongoshaya chekutuhwina.
Chiyero che electrolyte chakaderera, bhatiri rinoda kugadziriswa. Kazhinji uku kuri kuwedzera nemvura yakadirwa uye kuunza density kune yakajairika nechaji kubva kune yekunze sosi.
Zvikanganiso muchiratidzo
Musiyano pakati pechiratidzo uye mudziyo wekuyeresa uri mumhosho huru, hutsinye hwekuverenga uye kusavapo kwerutsigiro rwemetrological. Kuvimba kana kusavimba nemichina yakadaro inhau yomunhu oga.
Pane mienzaniso yakawanda yekusashanda kwechiratidzo, kunyangwe ichishanda zvakakwana:
- hapana kuverengera kwekushisa kwebhatiri, kunyangwe chiyero pakati pehuwandu hwe electrolyte uye dhigirii rechaji yebhatiri zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nazvo;
- kukanganisa kwekushisa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvechiratidzo bhora pachazvo hazvina kuvimbiswa nenzira ipi zvayo;
- bhatiri rine maseru matanhatu akazvimirira, uye chiratidzo chakaiswa kune chimwe chete chazvo, mamiriro evamwe haana kana kudzorwa, kunyangwe imwe yezviitiko zvinowanzoitika zvekutadza kwebhatiri ndiyo chaiyo dambudziko nesero rimwe mune serial. dunhu, uye chiratidzo chinoiswa pane imwe yepakati, uye kazhinji ndiyo yakanyanyisa iyo inoramba;
- electrolyte density iri kure nechiratidzo chega chemamiriro ebhatiri, kusanganisira chiyero chekuchaja;
- munzvimbo yekushanda, uko maitiro ese anoitika, kuwanda hakuyerwi, uye electrolyte inosanganiswa zvakanyanya zvishoma nezvishoma nekuda kwe porous hunhu hwevanoparadzanisa pakati pe electrode.
Kana tikanyatsoongorora kushanda kwechiratidzo maererano nemaitiro aya, saka kuverenga kwayo hakuna ruzivo runobatsira zvachose, sezvo zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinotungamirira mukukanganisa kwavo.
Ruvara kukodha
Iko hakuna mwero mumwechete wekodha yemavara, ruzivo rwakawanda kana rushoma rwakakosha rwunopihwa negirinhi uye tsvuku mavara.
Black
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, izvi zvinoreva yakaderera electrolyte level, bhatiri inofanira kubviswa uye kutumirwa patafura yebhatiri nyanzvi.
White
Inenge yakafanana neyakasviba, yakawanda inobva pane chaiyo dhizaini yechiratidzo. Usafunga, chero zvakadaro, bhatiri rinoda kuwedzera kuongororwa.
Dzvuku
Inotakura zvimwe zvinoreva. Zvakanaka, ruvara urwu runoratidza kuderedzwa kwemagetsi e electrolyte. Asi nenzira ipi neipi haifanire kudaidza kuwedzera asidhi, kutanga kune zvese, iyo dhigirii yekuchaja inofanirwa kuongororwa uye kuunzwa kune yakajairika.
Зеленый
Zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvese zvakarongeka nebhatiri, iyo electrolyte yakajairika, bhatiri rakachajwa uye rakagadzirira kushanda. Izvo zvisiri kure nechokwadi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvataurwa pamusoro apa.
Sei mwenje webhatiri usingabatike mushure mekuchaja?
Kunze kwekureruka kwemaitiro, chigadziro hachinawo kuvimbika zvakanyanya. Mabhora eHydrometer anogona kusayangarara nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana kana kukanganisana.
Asi zvinogoneka kuti chiratidzo chinoratidza kudiwa kwekugadziriswa kwebhatiri. Mutero wakafamba zvakanaka, iyo electrolyte yakawana yakakwira density, asi haina kukwana kuti chiratidzo chishande. Nzvimbo iyi inoenderana nedema kana chena muziso.
Asi chimwe chinhu chinoitika - ese mabhangi ebhatiri akagamuchira mubhadharo, kunze kweiyo iyo chiratidzo chakaiswa. Kumhanya-mhanya kwemasero mumutsara wekubatanidza kunoitika nemabhatiri akareba-asina kuisirwa kurongeka kwesero.
Tenzi anofanira kutarisana nebhatiri rakadaro, zvichida richiri pasi pekudzikinura, kana zvakakodzera mune zvehupfumi. Basa renyanzvi rinodhura zvakanyanya kana richienzaniswa nemitengo yemabhatiri ebhajeti.
