Chii chakasiyana musiyano?

Semutyairi ane ruzivo rwakakwana rwekutyaira, iwe unoziva kuti iyo drivetrain ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvemota. Iwe unozivawo kuti musiyano ndicho chakanyanya kukosha kutapurirana chinhu.

Chii chakasiyana?

Muchidimbu, icho chinhu (mashandiro) akanamira zvakananga kumaekisero emavhiri, iro basa hombe rekutumira torque kwavari. Uku kufambisa torque kunogoneka kuburikidza nekushandisa iyo inonzi "mapuraneti giya".

Rimwe basa risingakoshe, rinoitwa nemusiyano, ndere kupa mukana wekutenderera kwemavhiri ekutyaira mota painotendeuka kana kana ichipfuura munzvimbo isina kuenzana uye yakaoma.

Chii chakasiyana musiyano?

Tisati tataura nezve izvi, ngatione kuti mashandiro eiyo yakasarudzika mhando mutsauko anoshanda sei.

Uye saka .. Iyo yakasarudzika (yakajairwa) kusiyanisa, kana, sekudanwa kwayakaitwa, "kuvhurika kusiyanisa", inoendesa simba kubva kuinjini kuenda kune ekisero, iyo inobvumira mavhiri kutenderera pakumhanya kwakasiyana kana muchina uchitendeuka.

Sezvo chinhambwe chinofanira kufamba vhiri rimwe nerimwe parinotenderera chakasiyana (vhiri rimwe rine radius yakakura yekubuda kunze kupfuura rimwe vhiri, rine kakati kadiki kemukati), musiyano unogadzirisa dambudziko iri nekutumira torque pamaekisero akasiyana emavhiri maviri kuburikidza. nzira yayo. Mhedzisiro ndeyekuti mota inogona kutyaira uye kutendeuka zvakajairika.

Nehurombo, iyi chaiyo mashini ine zvayakaipira. Inovavarira kuendesa torque kune iko kuri nyore.

Izvi zvinorevei?

Kana mavhiri ese ari maviri ekisero aine traction imwechete uye simba rinodiwa kutenderedza vhiri rega, musiyano wakavhurika uchagovera torque zvakaenzana pakati pavo. Nekudaro, kana paine musiyano mukutakura (semuenzaniso, vhiri rimwe riri paasphalt uye rimwe rinowira mugomba kana chando), mutsauko unotanga kugovera torque kune vhiri iro rinotenderera pamwe nekuedza kushoma (isa torque yakawanda kune iro vhiri rinorova chando kana gomba).

Pakupedzisira, vhiri rakasiiwa paasphalt rinomira richitambira torque uye rinomira, nepo imwe ichatora torque yese uye kutenderera kune yakawedzera angular velocity.

Zvese izvi zvinokanganisa maneja manejimendi uye nekubata mota, uye zvichanyanya kukuomera kubuda mugomba kana kufamba pamusoro pechando.

Chii chakasiyana musiyano?

Musiyano wekuvharira unobvumira mavhiri ese maviri kuti afambe neicho kumhanya, saka kana paine kurasikirwa kwekusungwa pane rimwe vhiri, mavhiri ese ari maviri anoramba achifamba, zvisinei nemusiyano mukushora. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana vhiri rimwe riri paasphalt uye rimwe riri mugomba kana panotsvedza senge matope, chando kana mamwe, musiyano wekuvharira unoendesa simba rakafanana kumavhiri ese ari maviri, zvichibvumira vhiri riri pamusoro pechando kana gomba kuti rifambe nekukurumidza uye kudzivirira mota nyudza. Musiyano wekukiya unogona kuwedzerwa kumberi kana shure ekisero, uye inogona kuwedzerwa kune ese maasi.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekukiya

Zvichienderana nedhigirii, musiyano wekukiya unogona kuzara kana kusarura:

• Kuvhara kwakazara kunoreva kubatana kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvekusiyanisa, umo torque inogona kupfuudzwa zvachose kune vhiri nekutenderera kuri nani
• Chikamu chakasiyana musiyano chinoratidzwa neyakaganhurirwa huwandu hwesimba rinotapurirana rezvikamu zvekusiyana uye nekuwedzera kunoenderana kwetoriki kune vhiri ine traction iri nani

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekiyi, asi dzinogona kuve dzakakamurwa kuita mapoka akakura akati wandei:

• misiyano inokiya zvakaomarara (100%)
• otomatiki kukiya kusiyanisa
• mashoma anotsvedza akasiyana - LSD

100% yakazara ichivharira

Nemhando iyi yekukiya, musiyano unorega kuita mashandiro ayo uye unova nyore batira iyo inobatanidza zvakasimba maekisero nemiseve uye kuendesa torque kwavari kune imwechete angular velocity. Kuvhara zvachose musiyano, zvakaringana kuti ubvise kutenderera kwemaseksi, kana kubatanidza mukombe wekusiyanisa kune imwe yemasekisi. Mhando yekukiya inoitwa nemagetsi, pneumatic kana hydraulic mashini uye inoitwa nemaoko mutyairi.

Nekudaro, kuvharira zvachose hakukurudzirwe nekuti injini yemota haina kungoremerwa chete, asi kufambisa, gearbox uye matai, ayo anopera nekukurumidza, anotamburawo nemitoro inorema.

Yakaganhurirwa Slip Differentials - LSD

Rudzi rwekusiyanisa uyu unenge uri mukana unonzwisisika pakati pesiyano yakavhurika uye izere nekiyi, sezvo ichingoitendera kuti ishandiswe pazvinenge zvichidiwa. Kubatsira kukuru kweLSD ndekwekuti kana mota ichifambiswa munzira dzakatsetseka kana nemigwagwa mikuru, inoshanda senge "yakavhurika" musiyano, uye kana uchityaira munzvimbo dzakaomarara, musiyano kubva "kuvhurika" unova musiyano wekuvharira, uyo unova nechokwadi chekutyaira pasina matambudziko. kutendeuka nekukwira kana kukwira mumigwagwa isina kukwana, izere nemakomba uye nematope. Kuchinja kubva "kuvhurika" kuenda kune mashoma masiyano kusiyanisa kwakakurumidza uye nyore uye kunoitwa kuburikidza bhatani riri pamotokari padhibhodhi.

LSD ine matatu makuru mhando:

• disc mashandiro
• honye giya
• viscous chisungo

Iine disk kukiya

Friction inogadzirwa pakati pemadhisiki. Imwe friction disc yakanyatsobatanidzwa kune yekusiyanisa mukombe, uye imwe kune shaft.

Worm kukiya

Nheyo yekushanda kwayo iri nyore kwazvo: kuwedzera torque yegumbo rimwe kunotungamira mukuvhara zvishoma uye kufambisa torque kune rimwe vhiri. (Yehonye kukiya inonziwo Torque Sensing).

Viscous chisungo

Inosanganisira seti yemadhishi akapetwa akapetwa, akavakirwa mudzimba dzakavharwa dzakazadzwa nesilicone fluid, ayo akasunganidzwa nemukombe wekusiyanisa uye shaft yekutyaira. Kana angular kumhanya akaenzana, musiyano unoshanda zvakajairika modhi, asi kana kumhanya kwekutenderera kweiyo shaft kuchikwira, ma disc ari pairi anowedzera kumhanya kwavo uye silicone mudzimba inoomarara. Nekuda kwenjodzi yekunyanyisa, rudzi urwu rwekudzivirira haruwanzoshandiswa.

Otomatiki kusiyanisa kukiya

Kusiyana nekupindirana kwebhuku, nekumisidzana otomatiki, kusiyanisa kudzora kunoitwa uchishandisa software. Kana kumhanya kwekutenderera kweimwe vhiri kuchikura, kumanikidza kunowedzera mu brake system uye kumhanya kwayo kunodzikira. Muchiitiko ichi, simba rekusimudzira rinove rakakwira, uye torque inoendeswa kune rimwe vhiri.

Kugovera patsva kwetoriki uye kuenzana kweangular kumhanya kunoitwa pasi pesimba re braking system. Iyo isoftware inodzorwa neiyo traction control system, otomatiki kukiya misiyano haina kugadzirirwa nezvimwe zvekuvharira zvikamu uye haisi LSD.

Mota yega yega inogona kuve nemusiyano wakakiiwa here?

Musiyano wekuvhara unowanzo shandiswa kumitambo yemotokari kana maSUV. Kunyanya muchiitiko cheSUVs, kusiyanisa kwekukiya kwakatomiswa kana mota dzaungana. Kunyangwe musiyano wekuvharira unokurudzirwa kunyanya kumaSUV, zvinokwanisika kuti musiyano wekuvharira unogona kuitwa pane imwe mhando yemotokari. Mota dzisina kiyi yekusiyanisa mufekitori dzinogona kuchinjwa nekugadziridzwa.

Sei kushanda?

Kana iwe zvakare uchida kukiya musiyano, unofanirwa kubata nzvimbo yebasa inopa zvakafanana masevhisi. Izvi zvinodikanwa nekuti zviripo chete ndipo pavanogona kukuudza kana hunhu hwemota yako hwakakodzera kukwidziridzwa kana kwete. Kana zvichikwanisika, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuti iwe uwirirane nezvinhu zvinogona kutsiva iyo yakasarudzika "yakavhurika" yekukiya musiyano.

Musiyano wekukiya unobatsira here?

Zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvinoverengeka! Kana iwe uchityaira yakajairwa mota uye kazhinji kazhinji uchityaira mumigwagwa mikuru, migwagwa yeguta kana nzira dzeasphalt, kuvhara musiyano hakuna maturo zvachose. Mune ino kesi, iyo yakasarudzika mhando yekusiyanisa ichaita basa racho zvakakwana.

Iko kusiyanisa kukiya kunobatsira kana iwe uchityaira iyo SUV uye uchida kure-munzira munzira dzakaomarara. Izvi zvinobatsira uye zvinodikanwa kwauri kana uchigara munzvimbo inotonhorwa nechando matambudziko makuru (yakawanda chando, migwagwa inowanzo kuvezwa nechando, nezvimwewo)

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi Electronic Simulated Differential Lock? Iyo yemagetsi sisitimu inoshandisa mabhureki emotokari kupa fungidziro yekuti musiyano wakakiyiwa (kudzivirira mavhiri ekutyaira kubva pakutsvedza).

ДSei uchida rear axle differential lock? Iyo yekukiya yekusiyanisa inodiwa kudzivirira mavhiri ekutyaira kubva pakutenderera panzira dzisina kugadzikana. Iyo inoburitsa simba rekufambisa, zvisinei nerudzi rwekutyaira.

Ndeipi musiyano-inotsvedza musiyano wei? Iyo yekusiyanisa yekuzvivharira inodiwa kuitira kuti vhiri rinotenderera zvakasununguka rirege kutora mota yese torque. iyi michina inowanzoshandiswa mumotokari ina-mavhiri.