Chii chinonzi Car Catalytic Converter?

Mota chinogadzirisa chinoshandura

Iyo inokonzeresa muiyo chiutsi system yakagadzirirwa kudzikisira kuburitsa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza mumhepo. Nemhepo yekumedza inovashandura kuita zvisingakuvadzi. Iyo inokonzeresa inoshandiswa pane ese peturu nedhiziri injini. Nhatu-nzira chinogadziridza chinoshandura. Inoshandiswa mumafuta epeturu. Anoshanda pamusoro stoichiometric sezvamunoita muvhenganiswa, iyo inosimbisa zvakakwana combustion yemafuta. Iyo mitatu-nzira catalytic converter dhizaini inosanganisira yekutsigira block, kuputira uye dzimba Mwoyo weanoshandura chinogadzirisa ibato rekutsigira, iro rinoshanda sehwaro hwevanogadzira. Iyo inotakura block inogadzirwa neakakosha Refractory keramiki. Nechimiro, bhokisi rekutsigira rine seti yemasero ekureba. Izvi zvinonyanya kuwedzera nzvimbo yekubatana neyekudzimisa gasi.

Catalytic converter zvikamu

Catalytic zvinhu zvinoiswa pamusoro pezinga reuchi. Nhete yakatetepa inosanganisira zvinhu zvitatu: platinamu, palladium uye rhodium. Catalysts inomhanyisa maitiro emakemikari mune neutralizer. Platinum uye palladium ndeye oxidation zvinokonzeresa. Dzinosimudzira kusanganiswa kwemahydrocarbon asina kutsva kusvika kumhute yemvura, kubva kukabhoni monoxide, kabhoni monoksayidi kusvika kukabhoni dhayokisaidhi. Rhodium inogadzirisa chinokonzera. Izvi zvinoderedza nitrogen oxides kune isina kukuvadza nitrogen. Nekudaro, izvo zvitatu zvinokonzeresa zvinoderedza izvo zvitatu zvinosvibisa mumagetsi ekudzimisa. Iyo yekutsigira block inogara mune yesimbi kesi. Iko kunowanzo kuve nhete yekudzivirira pakati pavo. Kana iri neutralizer, okisijeni sensor inoiswa. Chidimbu chekutanga chinogadzirisa chinogadziriswa ndechekuti tembiricha ye300 ° C. Yakanakisa tembiricha iri 400 kusvika 800 ° C.

Iko kwekuisa mota chinogadzirisa chinoshandura

Pane ino tembiricha, zvinosvika 90% yezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinochengetwa. Tembiricha iri pamusoro pe800 ° C inokonzeresa kutsvukisa kwesimbi inogadzira uye zinga reuchi Iyo inoshandura inoshandura inowanzo gadzirirwa yakanangana kuseri kwekuwandisa kwakasiyana kana pamberi pemututu. Kuisa iyo inoshandura kekutanga nguva kuchabvumira kuti ipise nekukurumidza. Asi ipapo chishandiso chinoiswa kune yakanyanya kudziya mitoro. Mune ino yekupedzisira kesi, mamwe matanho anodikanwa kuitira kuti chinokonzera chikwanise kupisa nekukurumidza, izvo zvinowedzera tembiricha yemweya wekubuda. Kugadzirisa iyo yekuvesa nguva munzira yekudzora; wedzera kumhanya kwekusashanda; valve nguva yekugadzirisa; majekiseni emafuta akati wandei kutenderera; mweya kuendesa kune chiutsi system.

Chii chinopa dhiziri oxidation

Nzira nhatu yekugadzirisa chinja wedunhu inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kugona. Yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: chikuru chinja. Iyo inowanikwa kuseri kwekuwandisa kwakasiyana. Iyo huru inobatsira inoshandura, iri pasi pezasi memotokari. Injini yedhiziri inokonzeresa inosimbisa iyo oxidation yezvimwe zvikamu zvezvinhu zvekudzimisa gasi ne oxygen. Izvo zviripo muhuwandu hwakakwana mumagetsi ekupedza enjini yedhiziri. Kana uchipfuura nepakati pekushandura chinogumbura, zvinhu zvinokuvadza carbon monoxide uye mahydrocarbon zvinosanganiswa kune zvisingakuvadzi zvigadzirwa zvecarbon dioxide uye mweya wemvura. Uye zvakare, iyo inokonzeresa inoda kubvisa zvachose kunhuwirira kusingafadzi kwedhiziri.

Anogadzirisa chinja

Oxidation reactions mune catalyst zvakare inogadzira zvigadzirwa zvisingadiwe. Saka, sulfur dioxide yakasvibiswa kuva sulfur trioxide. Izvi zvinoteverwa nekuumbwa kwe sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid gasi inosanganiswa nemamorekuru emvura. Izvo zvinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwezvikamu zvakasimba - sulfates. Vanounganidza mukushandura uye kuderedza kushanda kwayo. Kuti ubvise sulphates kubva mushanduri, iyo injini manejimendi system inotanga desulfurization process. Imo iyo catalyst inodziya kusvika kune tembiricha inopfuura 650 ° C uye inocheneswa nemagasi akafumiswa emhepo. Hapana mhepo, kusvikira kusavapo kwayo kwakakwana. Injini yedhiziri inokonzeresa haishandiswe kuderedza nitrogen oxide emissions mukubuda. Iri basa muinjini yedhiziri rinoitwa nehurongwa. Exhaust gasi recirculation kana imwe yepamusoro yakasarudzika catalytic converter system.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeipi musimboti wekushanda kweiyo catalytic converter ye exhaust system? Kemikari inoitika mucatalyst yakavakirwa pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kusangana kwenitrogen oxides nesimbi dzinokosha. Somugumisiro, zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinogadziriswa.

Chii chinonzi exhaust gas converter? Ichi chigaba chidiki chinomira padyo sezvinobvira kune exhaust manifold yemota. Mukati meflask iyi mune porcelain filler ine masero ari muchimiro chemizinga yakaputirwa nesimbi dzinokosha.

Chinangwa checatalytic converter ndechei? Ichi chinhu cheiyo exhaust system inovimbisa kusarerekera kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza mumagasi ekuburitsa nekuashandura kuita mashoma anokuvadza.

Catalytic converter iripi? Sezvo kemikari inopindirana inofanira kuitika mumutsara unobva pakupisa kwepamusoro, gasi rinopisa harifaniri kutonhora pasi, saka iyo catalyst inowanikwa padyo sezvinobvira kune epoust system yejini inopisa mukati.