Chii chinonzi injini yemafuta pani. Zvimiro, chimiro, mhando uye chii chinodiwa
Zviri mukati
Nhasi tichadzidza chinonzi pani yemafuta einjini yemota crankcase, chii chinonzi chinhu, ndeapi mabasa uye mabasa ayo chikamu chinoita, uye zvakare panowanikwa gungano. injini kamuri
CHII CHII ENGINEI YEMOTA YEOIL PAN. FEATURES, STRUCTURE, TYPES UYE ZVAUNOFANIRA KUTI
Masikati akanaka, nhasi tichazviziva chii chinonzi injini yemafuta pani mota, chii chinonzi element gwenya remagetsi, mabasa api и basa rinoitwa nechikamu, naizvozvowo, kupi node в injini kamuri motokari. Mukuwedzera, ngatitaure pamusoro Pani yemafuta ine simba rei pamusoro injini kushanda mota, chii chiri chimiro и element mudziyo, naizvozvowo, ndeapi marudzi emanodhi. Mukupedzisa, ngatitaure nezvazvo ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemafuta pani yembiri-stroke crankcase от ina-stroke injini, zvii zvinobatsira и zvipingaidzo anazvo ruzivo, anogona motokari yemagetsi plant kushanda pasina kupa knot, naizvozvowo, zvinhu zvipi kubereka mota chikamu.
Chinhu chakadaro chemotokari se crankcase mafuta pani ndeimwe ye key zvikamu в chimiro che peturu kana injini yedhiziri mota. Pani yemafuta zvinoshamisa ngarava kana chinzvimbo, iyo inopa injini yekuchengetedza mafuta... Kazhinji sump yakaiswa mukati pasi peinjini block. Nokuda kwechirevo, tinocherechedza izvozvo chishandiso chero zvazvino mota haigoni kunyange kufungidzira pasina mafuta pani, iyo inoita huru basa pamusoro kuchengetedza huwandu hwemvura yehunyanzvi в injini. Kazhinji, kazhinji kacho tsanangudzo zvinogadzirwa kubva dare kana aluminium, zvichienderana ne chimiro power plant. Uyezve, sump nguva dzose yakashongedzerwa yakakosha gomba rekudhonza и simbi sikuruu plug kwairi, kuburikidza nayo kudhonza mafuta enjini yekare.
Usati waenderera mberi nekuongorora kwakadzama mafuta pani, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti chii crankcase mota? Carter magetsi chirimwa chiri muviri injini, iyo fixed к injini block, kuyambuka rabha kana silicone gasket, kudzivirira injini inopisa mukati от technical fluid inobuda kunze. Kazhinji mukati me crankcase anoiswa cranked и primary shafts power plant. IN pasi же mapfundo zvikamu iko mafuta pani, iyo inopinda в crankcase composition, ndosaka ichinzisump yemafuta". Kazhinji, пstar к crankcase yakabatanidzwa pamusoro bhaudhi uye ndizvo kupatsanura injini chikamu.
1. NHOROONDO YEKUTANGA, ZVINHU UYE ZVAUNODA PAN YEOIL
Kufunga kwedu kwechimwe chinhu chakadaro injini, se crankcase mafuta pani ndoda kutanga node mavambo nhoroondo. Ziva kuti thanks nekugadzira crankcase uye yake pallet vanoda American engineer Harrison Carteruyo ari kure 1889 gore akagadzira ichi chakakosha ruzivo chero motokari yemazuva ano. Pakutanga zvigadzirwa musayendisiti aiva directed pamusoro mavhiri maviri. Carter akagadzira yakakosha chengetedzo tangi nokuti bhasikoroumo makachengetwa technical fluid nokuti cheni lubrication. Basa re crankcase nevechinyakare panguva iyoyo palletkupi mafuta akachengetwa yaiva banal kuchengetedzwa kwechimiro от ingress yekunyorova с tsvina.
basa ani sump zviri injini yekuchengetedza mafuta, iyo inowanzova pasi kupisa kwakanyanya. Nokudaro, vagadziri vemotokari vanonyatsoteerera ungano ichi kana icho mienzaniso michina inoratidzwa zvakanangana chikamu zvinhu. Sezvatakamboona, crankcase с pallet kazhinji yakagadzirwa kubva simbi (aruminiyamu kana simbi).
Zvisinei, kune motokari crankcase mafuta paniizvo made kubva kune yakakosha mapurasitiki. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuti kurerutsa uremu zvakanyanya sezvinobvira mota. Nekureva, tinoona kuti munhu anogona kusangana akadaro sump modelspamusoro zvemukati iyo dzakasimbiswa zvakasiyana zvimwe zvinoumba injini, Semuyenzaniso pombi yemafuta.
Nokuda kwechirevo, tinocherechedza izvozvo mafuta pani may kuiswa kwete chete musimba remagetsi, asiwo pa gearbox, kana ivo otomatiki kana michina mhando. Uyezve, hazvishamisi kuwana mafuta pani у vhiri reshure mota kana kuenderera mabhiriji Motokari. Nokudaro, kusvika kumwero wakati, munhu wose knot, iyo kushanda pamusoro mafuta ine yayo chaiyo nhovo.
Zvisinei, crankcase mafuta pani simba zvakakwana zvakasiyana kubva kune vamwe zvinhu zvakafanana, semuenzaniso kubva kutumira pallet... Chinhu chikuru mutsauko ari mune zvakasiyana mavhoriyamu, mafomu и kugadzira zvinhu details. Sezvatinoziva, injini yemafuta pani ndiyo yakanyanya hombe pamusoro volume uye iwe unogona kazhinji kuwana chikamu ichi isingabviswe с injiniin mutsauko zvimwe chete sump gearboxizvo zvinogara zvichienda detachable type.
2. MAKASINANA, MATYPE EKUVAKWA UYE ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVOKUGADZIRIRA PAN YEOIL.
zvose injini yemafuta pani share chokwadi mhando. Pallet mhando zvinoenderana nokuti chii motokari он yakaiswa. Saka, varipo pani dzemafuta nokuti mbiri-sitiroko и shamhu ina mashizha emagetsi. Main musiyano pakati pemafuta emafutayakaiswa mune zvimwe injini, rinosanganisira building kunyanya mota. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pallets zvingave detachable kana isingabviswe, kureva kuti ivo chikamu chekrankcaseuye kwete dura.
Yokutanga rudzi rwemapani emafutazvinova semumwe с crankcase zvinoreva maviri-stroke injini.Besides, nhovo mune izvi zvinomera zvemagetsi ndizvo zvakakosha chikamu chemuviri, pamwe chete simba system chikamu motokari. IN maviri-stroke motors mukati crankcase с pallet chikuru chikamu chemusanganiswa wemafuta, izvo zvino sent в sepombi power plant. Izvi injini system yakasiyana от mana sitiroko chokwadi chokuti mune yakadaro simba chirimwa mota yemafuta, kazhinji inowanikwa mukati kuonana kwakananga с mafuta, kureva, mu tangi rimwe.
Somugumisiro, inowanzoonekwa kupera gasi ruvara zvakawanda kusviba zvakajairika. Exhaust color vakadaro mota zvinowanzoitika bluish tintkunyanya izvi kazhinji nokuti mudhudhudhu. Nokuda kwechirevo, tinocherechedza izvozvo spark plug в maviri-stroke units kufamba zvakanyanya zvishoma, kupfuura mu shamhu ina. Nhasi zvakaoma kuwana kutengesa motokari neizvi rudzi rwechiito chemotokari, nokuda kwake kushanda kwakaderera.
Yechipiri rudzi rwemapani emafuta zvinoreva mana-stroke injini. The building akadaro mota, sump inotakura chete basa remubatsiri, kureva kuti chete tank nokuti technical fluid kuchengetedza uye kwete. Nekuda kwekuti mu shamhu ina magetsi emagetsi, mota yemafuta chaizvo anopotsa в cylinder combustion chambers, utsi hwemotokari yakagadzirwa injini zvakawanda kureruka muhue, nokuti cleaner pamusoro kuumbwa... Kunze kwezvo, mota kupa mutsa kuwedzera vakashongedzerwa ne chinokonzera (neutralizer) exhaust gas systems.
kusiya kupatsanura mapani pamusoro fasting type, mamwe mashoko Classified pamusoro chimiro и zvinhu zvekugadzira. About zvinhu, kubva kupi zvinogadzirwa zvinhu, sezvatakamboona, kazhinji pani dzemafuta zvinogadzirwa kubva aluminium alloys kana yesimbi isina tsvina, zvishoma zvishoma kubva simbi... Kazhinji, simbi muindasitiri yemotokari zvave zvakawanda shandisa zvishoma, nekuda kwe zvakawanda zvezvinhu... Kunze kwezvo simbi, mumotokari dzemazuva ano, kunyanya subcompact inogona kuwanikwa mapallets akagadzirwa kubva high temperature yepurasitiki. Pani dzepurasitiki dzemafuta zvakanaka nekuti uremu ndizvo nyore zvimwe chete aruminiyamu anenge at 2 times.
Nezvekutaura zvivakwa и kuonekwa kwegango remafuta, ipapo muzviitiko zvakawanda zvikurusa make muchimiro chechidiki dema rectangular chikepe. Mazhinji automaker zvakare chengetedza pallet special leaf kubva mapurasitiki kana vava, iyo inonzi crankcase protection kana injini... Vamwe pallet models may kuitwa pamwe nekuwedzera mbabvu, которые dziripo kwese kwese pamusoro ruzivo. Mbabvu zvinodiwa kuti upe kuwedzera kwemaitiro kuomarara, kana nhovo inotakura semantic mutoro, kureva kuti chikamu cheimba injini (non-split type crankcase).
Ongororo yevhidhiyo: "Injini yemafuta pani. Zvimiro, chimiro, mhando uye chii chinodiwa kune "
zvakawanikwa
Tichipfupikisa zviri pamusoro, tinoona izvozvo crankcase power plant uye mafuta pani, vari vaviri zvakasiyana mashokovanoita mabasa akasiyana uye kazhinji connect nemumwe nemumwe vachishandisa mabhaudhi ekusimbisa. Carter - ichi ndicho chikuru injini muviri chikamu, mukati umo mune nzvimbo iri yoga, izvo zvinoumba mhango в motokari, kupi crankshaftuye dzimwe nguva pamwe chete camshaft, zvichienderana ne chimiro power plant. Uyezve, chikamu chepamusoro chekrankcase dzimwe nguva kusanganiswa cylinder block uye uve semumwe. About crankcase mafuta pani, ipapo zvoga kuvaka zvakanyanya простой, zvisinei, ndeapi mabasa akakosha и chii zvakakosha rubatsiro rinoshandura injini carthi chinhu.
