Chii chinonzi relay, mabasa ayo, mhando uye dhizaini yekubatanidza yerelay

A relay chinhu chemagetsi chinogona dzora kuyerera magetsi mudunhu. Iyo relay inogona kuve yakabatidzwa pane imwe nguva uye de-energized pane imwe. Izvi zvinobvumira relay kuvhura uye kuvhara, pamwe nekukanganisa uye kudzoreredza masekete emagetsi.

Iyi blog post inokuratidza zvinhu zvakakosha iwe unofanirwa kuziva nezve relay. Saka kana iwe uchida kuziva nezve relay, ramba uchiverenga!

Chii chinonzi relay inoshandiswa?

relay inogona kuva shandisa mumhando dzakawanda dzezvigadzirwa. Semuyenzaniso, chinotambisa mota chine marelay akati wandei anodzora zvinhu zvakaita sepombi yemafuta nemakoiri ekudzima moto.

Ivo zvakare zvakanyanya zvakajairika mumidziyo yemumba senge toaster kana firiji.

Kutaura zvazviri, midziyo yakawanda yemazuva ano yemumba ine mijenya relay. Nekudaro, mumhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzemidziyo uye masisitimu, imwe relay haina kukwana kuzadzisa chinangwa chekupedzisira. Ipapo marelay emagetsi anotanga kushanda.

Relay inoshanda sei?

Kuti relay ishande, inoda zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha: coil yewayakuti chinja iyo inogona kuzarura dunhu, uye kuisa контакты.

Kana relay isiri kushandiswa, ikozvino inoyerera coil yewaya wozodzokera kubhatiri. Chinhu chakakosha cheiyo relay ndeye switch, iyo inogona vhiringidza kuyerera kwemagetsi uku. Inoita izvi nekuvhura mamwe macontacts anotyora dunhu.

Zvakare, kana macontacts aya akavhurwa, inodzivirira ikozvino kuyerera. ichiyerera pacoil Sveta. Pamusoro peichi basa, kune mamwe marudzi erelays ane akawanda akasiyana mabasa senge tembiricha yekudzora kana kuchengetedzwa kwekuvhunduka kwemidziyo inonzwisa tsitsi.

Tinovimba iwe zvino unonzwisisa kuti relay chii.

Kazhinji yakavhurika uye kazhinji yakavharwa relay

Kazhinji akavhurika relay ma switch open by default. Izvi zvinoreva kuti magetsi emagetsi achayerera kuburikidza nekushandura kana iri panzvimbo yakashama.

Kazhinji yakavharwa relays, kune rumwe rutivi, ma switch ayo yakavharwa nekusingaperi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hapana magetsi achayerera kuburikidza nekuchinja kana iri panzvimbo yakashama.

Nzira yekubatanidza sei relay?

Kana uchibatanidza relay, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti relay inofanira kuva inodzorwa nekuchinja iyo inogona kubata ikozvino iyo relay ichadhirowa. Zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kuve uine nzira yekudzikisa relay.

Nzira iri nyore yekuita izvi ndeyekubatanidza nyika waya kubva kune relay kusvika pasi screw pane chassis.

Chekupedzisira, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti voltage relay relay ndeye большой yakakura kupfuura kana yakaenzana neyakatemerwa voltage yedunhu.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezvekuti relays dzinogona kushandiswa sei.

Relay marudzi

1. Electromagnetic relays
2. Kuvhara marelay
3. Electronic relays
4. Relay yechinguvana
5. Reed relay
6. High voltage relays
7. Diki Signal Relay
8. Nguva inononoka relay
9. Multidimensional Relays
10. Thermal relays
11. Differential relays
12. Remote relay
13. Zvifambiso zvemotokari
14. Frequency relay
15. Polarized Relays
16. Rotary relay
17. Sequence relay
18. Kufambisa coil relay
19. Buchholz relay
20. Safety relay
21. Kudzora relay
22. Earth fault relay

Electromagnetic relays

Electromagnetic relays anoshandiswa mune akasiyana maapplication. Anowanzo kuwanikwa mumidziyo yemumba senge mafiriji, oveni dzemicrowave, uye toasters. Muzviitiko izvi, kazhinji relay imwe inodzora mabasa mazhinji echiridzwa. I

Mune mamwe marudzi ezvigadzirwa, senge mota kana maindasitiri emuchina, akawanda relay anoshanda pamwechete kuzadzisa chinangwa. Electromagnetic relays imhando yakajairika yerelay inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa.

Kuvhara marelay

Mune relay relay, switch yekudzora dunhu inowanikwa mukati meiyo relay. Kana relay isiri kushandiswa, yakavharwa uye magetsi anoyerera kuburikidza nekoiri yewaya uye odzokera kubhatiri, iyo inopedzisa dunhu.

Zvisinei, kana relay inoshandiswa kupaza dunhu, inovhura mamwe macontacts anotyora dunhu iroro. Sezvambotaurwa, aya anobatika anodzorwa neshanduko iri mukati meiyo relay.

Kuti relay inovharisa ishande nemazvo, panofanira kunge paine nzira yekuti parizvino ishande mumativi ese. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti uvhure uye uvhare sezvinodiwa.

Electronic relays

Iyo yemagetsi relay inogona kuoneka seyakagadziridzwa kune yechinyakare electromagnetic relays. Kubatsira kweiyo relay yemagetsi ndeyekuti inogona kudzorwa nechiratidzo chiri kure, izvo zvinoreva kuti switch imwe chete inofanirwa kunge iri mukati mechiridzwa. Izvi zvinobvumira chero zvekunze zvinodzora kudzora mudziyo zvisinei kuti uri kupi.

Kunyangwe iwo achidhura kupfuura echinyakare relay, ari nyore kuisa waya uye kuita kuti kuyedzwa kuve nyore. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti inongoda switch imwe chete kuti ishandiswe pachinzvimbo chezviviri kana kupfuura, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kubatanidza kune mamwe maturusi.

Relay yechinguvana

Kudzokororwa kwekanguva kwakada kufanana nerelay relay mukuti ese ari maviri anoda coil yewaya, switch yedunhu, uye macontacts kuvhura dunhu. Nekudaro, iwo macontacts haarambe akavhurika, asi anovhara nekukurumidza kana simba rabuda.

Aya marudzi erelay anowanzo shandiswa mumashandisirwo apo panofanirwa kupedzisa dunhu uye wobva waibvisa pakarepo mushure mekunge basa rapera. Ichi ndicho chikonzero marelay aya anowanzoshandiswa mumotokari yemotokari uye maremote emotokari kuitira kuti vashande kunyange vasina mabhatiri nokuti hapana chikonzero chekuchengetedza dunhu rakashama.

Reed relay

Relay yetsanga yakafanana neelectromagnetic relay pakuti ine coil, macontacts, uye magineti anoita sechinjo yekuvhura kana kuvhara dunhu.

Nekudaro, pachinzvimbo chekuti iyi magineti iwanikwe pakati pechishandiso, sechinyakare relays, inowanikwa kune imwe mugumo wayo. Kuti upedze dunhu, iwe unongoda kubatanidza migumo miviri yetsanga switch, iyo inokonzera magineti kubata uye kupedzisa dunhu. Izvi zvinoshanda zvakafanana kune chinja mune iyo pakarepo kana kusangana kwarasika, ikozvino inoyerera uye saka inopedzisa dunhu.

High voltage relays

A high voltage relay imhando ye relay inokwanisa kushingirira kukwira kwemagetsi.

Kazhinji, iyi mhando yerelay ine yakawedzera insulation mukati memudziyo wese kubatsira kudzivirira kubva kune zvisingatarisirwe kuvhunduka. Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti aya mareyi akakodzera chete kushandiswa mumaseketi emagetsi akakwira. Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa iyo yakakwira voltage rating pachigadzirwa usati watenga relay.

Diki Signal Relay

Madiki masaini relay anowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri yezvokurapa kudzora kuyerera kwemagetsi. Aya marelay switch anokwanisa kubata akadzika ma voltages pane akakwira voltage relay, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka kuti ishandiswe mumidziyo yakaoma.

Chinongodzikira chete ndechekuti aya madiki masigner relay switch akakura uye akakura, saka haagone kushandiswa mumakompakiti madiki maturusi senharembozha.

Nguva inononoka relay

Nguva inononoka relays yakafanana ne-on / off kunonoka kushanduka pakuti vanoshandisa zvishoma zvishoma zvemazuva ano kuti vabate dunhu rakavhurika kwenguva pfupi.

Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakanaka kune maapplication uko chiridzwa chinofanirwa kudzimwa husiku kana dzimwe nguva pazvisiri kudiwa.

Multidimensional Relays

A multidimensional relay imhando yerelay ine 3 kana anopfuura macontacts uye saka inogona kuita huwandu hwemabasa.

Iyi mhando yerelay ine mukana wekuti imwe chete switch inodiwa kuti ishandise akawanda mabasa, kuchengetedza nzvimbo uye wiring. Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti zvikamu zvinowanzo kuchipa pane zvechinyakare relay.

Thermal relays

Thermal relays inozivikanwa kuve inozvigadzirisa uye saka haidi yekunze magetsi. Iyi dhizaini inopa isingadhuri uye yakavimbika nzira inogona kushandiswa mumaindasitiri kana ekutengesa maapplication.

Chinongo kanganisa ndechekuti thermal relays yakakura uye saka haina kukodzera kushandiswa mumaseketi madiki.

Differential relays

Differential relays imhando inonakidza yerelay ine maviri anobatika kune rimwe divi kune yakakwira voltage maseketi uye maviri anobatika kune yakatarisana divi kune yakaderera voltage maseketi.

Izvi zvinobatsira nekuti zvinogona kupa vagadziri mari yakakosha yekuchengetedza sezvo ivo vachingoda kugadzira imwe relay pane maviri.

Kutengeserana-kwekuti dhizaini iyi haishande nemaseketi mazhinji ane zvese zvakakwirira uye zvakaderera voltage zvikamu.

Remote relay

Distance relays imhando yakasarudzika yerelay inokwanisa kuendesa masaini kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe. Chinhambwe chiri pakati pemapoinzi maviri ndicho chete chinogumira kune aya marudzi emasaini, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa pamusoro pemafaro marefu.

Imwe mukana werudzi urwu rwekudzoreredza ndeyekuti haidi simba rekupa uye saka inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dziri kure. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo inoshanda kune akawanda ekutengesa uye maindasitiri ekushandisa.

Zvifambiso zvemotokari

Mafambisirwo emotokari anonyanya kushandiswa mumotokari kubatidza kana kudzima zvimwe zvikamu zveinjini, izvo zvinodzorwa nekombuta yemukati. Iyi mhando yerelay inonyanya kushanda pakudzivirira maseketi kubva kune magetsi ekuwedzera nekuti haidi rimwe simba kuti rishande.

Izvo zvinokanganisa ndezvekuti mota relays dzakagadzirwa nezvinodiwa chaizvo mupfungwa uye haigone kushandiswa kune yakaderera kana yakakwira voltage application.

Frequency relay

Frequency relays akasiyana nekuti vanoshandisa mudziyo unozivikanwa sekristaro yequartz.

Kana magetsi akaiswa kudunhu, kristaro inozununguka pamhepo yakafanana neyekupinza. Izvi zvinobvumira kujeka uye nekukurumidza kuchinja pakati pemavhiri maviri akasiyana, izvo zvinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kune mamwe maapplication.

Idzi mhando dzemareyi matsva pamusika uye haasati ashandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yakakura, saka zvakakosha kuti uzvitsvage usati waita sarudzo yekutenga.

Polarized Relays

Polarized relays imhando yakasarudzika yerelay inokwanisa kudzora zvese AC uye DC. Muchigadziro, iyo shanduko yekubatanidza yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa zvakazvimiririra kune mumwe nemumwe kuita basa redunhu neDC magetsi.

Iyi mhando yerelay inoshanda nemazvo nekuti inongobata nemhando imwe chete yemagetsi, asi inogona kusashanda semamwe marudzi ekushandiswa mune mamwe maseketi.

Rotary relay

Rotary relay imhando yerelay yakagadzirirwa kushandisa AC asi inogona zvakare kushanda neDC. Kuti uite izvi, zvinodikanwa kubatanidza munhu mumwe nemumwe pane contactor.

Izvi zvinobatsira nekuti zvinongofanira kubata nemhando imwe chete yemagetsi, iyo inobatsira kurerutsa maitiro ekuishandisa kune mamwe maapplication.

Sequence relay

Sequence relay imhando yerelay inokwanisa kutora akawanda mapinji nekuatevedza muhurongwa hwaakaiswa mudunhu.

Iyi dhizaini inobatsira mumaindasitiri ekushandisa nekuti haidi yekunze magetsi. Inogona zvakare kurongeka mumasanganiswa akasiyana, zvinoreva kuti pane kazhinji inowanikwa kune yega yega application.

Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti aya marudzi erelay haana kunyatsokodzera yakakwirira kana yakaderera voltage maapplication sezvo achingove neseti imwe chete yevanobatika, vachidzikamisa kushanda kwavo.

Kufambisa coil relay

Iyo inofambisa coil relay imhando yerelay inogona kushandura pakati pemhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzemagetsi, uye vanozviita nekukurumidza.

Iyi relay inowanzo shandiswa nekuti dunhu rinongoda seti imwe chete yevanobatika kuti ichinje kushanda.

Buchholz relay

Iyo Buchholz relay imagetsi ekuchinjisa anotsigira alternating ikozvino. Inoshanda nekukanganisa ikozvino mune imwe coil apo voltage mune imwe coil inosvika pane imwe nhanho.

Ese marelay akavharirwa mudzimba yakavharwa kudzivirira kubva mukuora uye guruva zvimedu.

Safety relay

Safety relay imhando yerelay yakagadzirirwa kukanganisa ikozvino kana imwe nhanho yasvika. Imwe yemabhenefiti ekushandisa kuchengetedza relays ndeyekuti ivo vanoshanda zvakanyanya maererano nekushandiswa kwesimba. 

Kudzora relay

A relay supervisor irelay yakagadzirirwa kutarisa mamwe marelay mudunhu. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa kana dunhu rine akawanda akasiyana marudzi erelays kune maindasitiri kana zvekutengesa zvinangwa.

Kubatsira kwekuve nemhando iyi yerelay ndeyekuti inodzivirira zvikanganiso zvekutaurirana nemhando dzakasiyana dzerelays mudunhu.

Rudzi urwu rwerelay runogonawo kubatsira kudzora kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo yakasiyana, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune maindasitiri uye kushandiswa kwekutengesa.

Chimwe chinokanganisa ndechekuti vanoshandisa simba rakawanda kudarika maindasitiri egiredhi remaseketi akajairwa nekuti aya marudzi erelays anowanzo kuve akaomarara.

Earth fault relay

Ground fault relays inoshanda kuona kusiyana kwevoltage pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana zvedunhu.

Imwe nzira yavanoshandisa kuita izvi ndeyekutarisa kana ikozvino pane imwe nguva mudunhu inodarika zvinotarisirwa kuchikamu ichocho chedunhu. Kana izvi zviri izvo, kukanganisa kwepasi kunogona kuitika iyo ichagura simba rekudzivirira kushamiswa kwemagetsi.

Izvo zvisingabatsiri zverudzi urwu rwekudzoreredza ndezvekuti ivo vanongokwanisa kuona zvikanganiso zvepasi mune imwe-chikamu kana maviri-chikamu system uye havagone kuzviona mune matatu-phase system.

Inovimbawo nekukwanisa kuyera magetsi pane ikozvino, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kune zvimwe zvikanganiso zvayo zvekusakwanisa kuona zvikanganiso zvezvikamu zvitatu.

Nzira yekudzora sei relay?

Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekudzora relay. Imwe ndeye kushandisa shanduko yekudzora, inowanzova yekuchinja switch kana rocker switch. Imwe nzira yekudzora relay ndeye kushandisa contact control, iyo inoshandisa ingave yakavhurika kana yakavharwa switch kudzora relay. Pakupedzisira, iwe unogona kushandisa switch control, iyo inoshandisa yemagetsi switch mudziyo kudzora relay.

Nhoroondo yerelay

Joseph Henry ndiye akagadzira relay yemagetsi. Yekutanga relay yaakagadzira muna 1835 yaive neinotenderera simbi tip uye ndiro yesimbi. Waya inobva pacoil inobata pamuromo wesimbi, zvichiita kuti charge yemagetsi iendeswe kusimbi ndiro. Iyo ndiro yesimbi yaigona kuzopedzisa kutenderera, ichipa simba kune dzimwe waya dzakabatanidzwa kwairi. Relay iyi yaive yakapusa nekuti yaingopa fungidziro imwe chete yekutanga mamwe maturusi.

Joseph Henry akagadzira relay yake yekutanga yemagetsi muna 1835 uye akazovandudza dhizaini nekuishandisa kune telegraphy. Pamwe chete nekugadzira iyi relay, Henry akashandisawo kugadzirwa kwake kwezvinangwa zvekuyedza, sekuvhenekera imwe yedzimba dzake nehurongwa hwake hweteregirafu huchangobva kusikwa. Henry akaitawo kuti pfungwa yerelay izivikanwe nevanhu vakawanda kuitira kuti vakwanise kuwedzera pairi uye kugadzira yavo yega shanduro.

Chigadzirwa chaHenry chaive chakakosha nekuti pasina mareyi emagetsi, hupenyu hwemazuva ano hungadai hwakasiyana zvakanyanya. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakomputa, mune zvese software uye hardware, uye mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi senge terevhizheni uye otomatiki garage magonhi ekuvhura. Henry's mechanism yakashandiswawo kugadzira marudzi mazhinji erelays, akadai semagineti (anoshandiswa mumasevhisi enhare), mechanical (inoshandiswa kurira), uye zviratidzo zvemvura.

Joseph Henry akaita basa rakakosha pakusikwa kwemagetsi, akagadzira relay yekutanga uye akabatsirawo vanhu vazhinji kugadzira mhando nyowani dzemidziyo iyi. Pasina Joseph Henry, hupenyu hwemazuva ano hunenge hwakasiyana sezvatinoziva iye zvino, zvichikonzera matambudziko makuru kune zvose kubva kumakombiyuta kusvika kune ma alarm systems. Mukupedzisa, murume uyu aive munhu akakosha munhoroondo yetekinoroji, uyo asina kungoshandura relay, asi akabatsirawo vamwe vanhu kuvandudza mudziyo uyu.

Joseph Henry anonzi ndiye akagadzira relay yemagetsi muna 1835. Nekudaro, sekureva kwaBryant's Electricity neMagnetism, aive mubatsiri waJoseph Henry akauya nepfungwa yekushandisa waya inozunguza senge switch yemagetsi. Mubatsiri aive Leonard Gale, aishanda naHenry pane zano rekushandisa relay muteregirafu. Zvisinei, gore rimwe chete gare gare, Joseph Henry akagadzira imwe electromagnetic mudziyo waigona chaizvoizvo kushandiswa muteregirafu uye wakanga uchishanda zvikuru kupfuura izvo Gale akanga auya nazvo.

Kugadzirwa kwaHenry kwerelay yemagetsi kwakakosha zvikuru nekuti kwaibvumira kuti simba rifambiswe kure kure. Chigadzirwa chacho chisati chasikwa, michina yeteregirafu yaiganhurirwa nesimba ravaigona kushandisa, izvo zvakakonzera matambudziko mukufambisa mashoko nekuda kwehuwandu hwesimba raidiwa. Nekuva nemudziyo waibvumira kuti simba rifambiswe munzvimbo huru, telegraph system yakakwanisa kuvandudza zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti pave nekukurukurirana kwakaoma. Pamusoro pezvo, Henry relay yakagonesawo kushandiswa kwemafoni masisitimu uye maalarm epamba, izvo zvakaita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kukosha nekuda kwekushandiswa kwakapararira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana.

Vhidhiyo yekudzidzisa nezve kuti relay chii

Chii chinonzi relay - Electronics Tutorial For Beginners