Chii chinonzi timing belt

Chii chinonzi bhanhire renguva uye chii chinoshanda chebhanhire mairi

Iyo gasi yekuparadzira michina (kupfupisa GRM) igadziriso inopa yekupinza uye kubuda kweiyo inoshanda fluid mukati meinjini dzinopisa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, inodzora nguva yevhavha, iine mutoro wekupa panguva yakakodzera (injection) yemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa mumasilinda anoshanda uye kuburitswa kwemagasi emhepo kubva kwavari.

Bhandi renguva (yakapfupikiswa nguva) ine basa rekubatanidza crankshaft uye camshafts. Izvi zvinogonesa kuenderana chaiko kwemaseji ekushanda kweinjini: mavharuvhu anovhura uye anovhara chaizvo panguva idzo dzinoenderana neimwe kana imwe nzvimbo yepiston.

Mota zhinji dzemazuva ano dzakashongedzerwa nechina-stroke mukati memoto injini, iyo inoshanda kutenderera ine zvikamu zvina - kutora, kumanikidza, simba sitiroko uye kupera simba.

Kune yakajairika injini kushanda, zvinodikanwa kudzora kufamba kwepistoni mukati memasilinda uye kunyatso wiriranisa nekuvhura uye kuvhara kwekupinza uye kupera simba mavharuvhu. Pasina nguva yakakodzera, injini haigoni kushanda. Iri basa rinoitwa negasi rekugovera michina (GRM).

Chinangwa chenguva ndechekuzadza macylinders nemusanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta uye kubvisa gasi rekuburitsa panguva dzakanyatsotsanangurwa.

Chinhu chekutonga chenguva ndeye camshaft, iyo makamera ayo anovhura nekuvhara mavharuvhu. Kuti camshaft iite basa rayo, inoda kutenderedzwa. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoita bhandi, iro rinoendesa torque kubva ku crankshaft. Kune yega yega injini kutenderera, camshaft inotenderera kamwe uye crankshaft inotenderera kaviri.

Pamusoro pekubatanidza crankshaft uye camshaft, bhandi renguva muzviitiko zvakawanda zvakare rinovimbisa kushanda kwepombi yemvura.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, bhanhire rinowedzerwa nevhavha kuitira kudzivirira tsvina, jecha kana chando kubva pairi. Nekudaro, kusvika kwairi kuti iongororwe kana kuchinjwa kazhinji hakuna kuoma.

Bhandi renguva rinotaridzika semhete yakafara ine mazino mukati. Yakagadzirwa kubva murabha, iyo fiberglass kana mapolymers anowedzerwa kuwedzera kupfeka kusagadzikana uye kupisa kupisa.

Zvikonzero zvekukundikana

Pasinei nekusimba kwemabhanhire emazuva ano ekugadzirisa nguva, ivo vachiri pasi pekupfeka.

Vatyairi vazhinji havatarise mamiriro avo nemazvo uye vanoregeredza nguva dzekutsiva dzinokurudzirwa nevagadziri. Somugumisiro, kupfeka kwechisikigo kunopera nekuzorora.

Dambudziko rakakomba rinogona kukonzerwa nemafuta kana imwe mvura inopinda pabhandi, izvo zvinokonzeresa kutsvedza uye, nekudaro, kukanganisa kweinjini. Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvose zvichapera mumawere. Mvura yekune dzimwe nyika haigoni kuve yakavimbika uye yakabviswa zvachose, saka bhanhire rinofanira kuchinjwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Uye zvakare, iyo pombi yemvura, rollers uye mechanic kana hydraulic tensioners inogona zvakare kuve sosi yezvinetso, mamiriro ayo anodawo kuongororwa.

Migumisiro yemawere

Kana bhanhire renguva rinoputika, camshaft inobva yamira kutenderera uye inomira kudzora mavharuvhu, ayo anoomesa mumamiriro ezvinhu avakanga vari panguva yekuzorora.

Zvadaro, mapistoni anorova mavharuvhu, achiakanganisa. Iyo piston pachayo inogona kukuvara. Kuita kweketani kunogona kutungamirira mukukundikana kwecamshaft, cylinder head uye zvimwe zvikamu zvejini. Zvose izvi zvichaguma nekugadzirisa kunodhura kwechikwata, uye mune dzimwe nguva zvinogona kutungamirira kunjodzi.

Sezvineiwo, bhandi renguva rakaputsika rinowanzoitika panotanga injini panguva yekutanga jerk. Kana izvi zvikaitika nekumhanya kwakaderera, ipapo kukuvadzwa kusingagadzirisike kungangodzivirirwa uye nyaya yacho inogumira mukukuvadzwa kwemavharuvhu kana madhiraivha avo.

Zvose izvi ndezvechokwadi kune anonzi injini dzekupindira, umo mapistoni uye mavharuvhu anogovana imwe nzvimbo yakajairika, asi haambodhure panguva yekushanda. Iyi dhizaini imhando yekubhadhara kwekuwedzera kwesimba uye kugona. Aya akawanda peturu uye akawanda madhiziri. Kana injini yako isina kukanganisa, saka kana dhiraivha yerabha ikaputsika, inokwana kuitsiva uye unogona kuramba uchityaira.

Zvakanakira uye zvakaipira bhandi uye cheni kutapurirana

Mukuwedzera kune bhanhire rerubha, ketani yesimbi inogona kushandiswa kutumira kutenderera kubva ku crankshaft kusvika kune camshaft, iyo inoratidzika seketani yebhasikoro.

Iyo ketani inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura bhandi, asi ine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa. Kazhinji, vagadziri vanokurudzira kuitsiva mushure meimwe mileage, uye vamwe vanopokana kuti ketani haidi kutsiviwa zvachose. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo mota modhi.

Kunyangwe dhigirii rekupfeka kweketani, kusiyana nebhandi rerabha, zvakaoma kuongorora nekuona, asi yakakuvadzwa simbi drive inozviita pachayo nekugogodza kana injini ichitonhora. Uye kuputsa kusingatarisirwi munharaunda kunenge kusingabatanidzwe.

Kuenzaniswa nebhanhire, ketani haina kukanganiswa nekushanduka kwekushisa uye hukasha hwekutyaira maitiro.

Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvinosanganisira ruzha panguva yekushanda uye kudiwa kwe periodic lubrication.

Chimwe chinhu checheni drive ndeye hydraulic tensioners, iyo inodzorwa neinjini yeoiri pressure. Kana nekuda kwechikonzero chipi nechipi mafuta anodonha, tension yeketani inogona kuputsika. Zvisungo zvecheni yakasununguka zvinogona kutsvedza pamazino epulley, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kweinjini kushanda.

Nguva yekuchinja bhandi renguva

Kufanana nezvimwe zvikamu zvinodyiwa uye zvigadzirwa, iyo nguva yekutyaira inofanirwa kutsiviwa neitsva panguva yakakodzera. Chinhu ichi hachigadzirike. Kudhonza neinotsiva ibhizimusi rine njodzi. Kutarisirwa kwekutanga uye mari yakaderera ichabatsira kudzivirira kuwedzeredza kana kutsiviwa kweinjini, mutengo wayo unofananidzwa nemutengo wemotokari pachayo.

Iyo yakakurudzirwa nguva yekushandura bhandi renguva zvinoenderana nemuchina modhi uye mhando yeinjini. Vagadziri veEurope vanowanzoratidza mileage muhupamhi hwe70-100 zviuru zvemakiromita, kunyangwe paine zvisizvo, zvese kumusoro uye pasi. MuUkraine mamiriro ezvinhu, zviri nani kutarisa 50 zviuru.

Asi kazhinji dhiraivha yenguva yerabha inoda kutsiviwa pamberi pemazuva aya. Inogona kutambanudza uye kudonha, uye mitswe inogona kuonekwa pairi. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa nekuona kuongorora. Munguva yekuongorora, zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi kuti bhanhire rakasungirirwa zvakanaka, uye mazino haana kupera uye ane hukama hwakavimbika nemagiya e shafts. Usabvumira chero zvinwiwa zvine mafuta kuti zvibatane nedhiraivha. Kunyange mafuta mashoma anokonzera kutsvedza.

Paunenge uchitenga bhanhire renguva, teerera kune zviratidzo. Iyo dhiraivha inofanirwa kuenderana neinjini yako, iva nenhamba chaiyo yemazino, gomo uye upamhi.

Bhandi rinofanira kuva rakavimbika, rakasimba, rinopesana nekutambanudza uye rinomira kuratidzwa kune tembiricha yakakwirira. Naizvozvo, dzivisa zvigadzirwa zvekwakabva uye zvisingazivikanwe mhando.

Kuti urege kuita basa zvakare gare gare, panguva imwe chete zvakakosha kutsiva zvikamu zvinenge zviine zviwanikwa zvakafanana - rollers, tensioners, uyewo pombi yemvura kana ichitungamirirwa nebhanhire renguva.