Chii chinonzi Motronic system?

Nekushanda kweinjini paanomhanya zvakasiyana uye nemitoro, zvinofanirwa kugovera nemazvo kugoverwa kwemafuta, mweya, uyezve nekuchinja nguva yekuvesa. Uku kunyatsoita hakugone kuwanikwa muinjini dzakare dzakabikwa. Uye kana paine shanduko mukubatidza, nzira yakaoma yekuvandudza camshaft ichazodiwa (ino sisitimu yakatsanangurwa pakutanga).

Nekuuya kwemagetsi ekudzivirira masisitimu, zvakave zvichikwanisika kugadzirisa mashandiro enjini yemoto yemukati. Imwe yeaya masisitimu akagadziriswa naBosch muna 1979. Zita rayo rinonzi Motronic. Ngatitarisei kuti chii, pane musimboti inoshanda, uyezve ndezvipi zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira.

Motronic system dhizaini

 Motronic ishanduko yeiyo jekiseni remafuta, iro zvakare rinokwanisa kudzora kugovera kwemoto. Icho chikamu chemafuta system uye ine matatu makuru mapoka ezvinhu:

• ICE mamiriro sensors uye masisitimu anokanganisa mashandiro ayo;
• Yemagetsi controller;
• Maitiro ekutungamira.

Sensors inorekodha mamiriro emota uye zvikamu zvinokanganisa mashandiro ayo. Ichi chikamu chinosanganisira anotevera sensors:

• DPKV;
• Kusungwa;
• Kushandiswa kwemweya;
• Kutonhora kutonhora;
• Ongororo yeLambda;
• DPRV;
• Kudya kwakawanda tembiricha yemhepo;
• Nzvimbo dzekumhanya.

IEU inorekodha zviratidzo kubva kune yega sensor. Kubva pane iyi dhata, inopa mirairo yakakodzera kuzvinhu zvekuuraya kukwidziridza mashandiro emota. Iyo yekuwedzera ECU inoita zvinotevera mabasa:

• Kudzora mafuta muyero zvichibva pauwandu hwemhepo iri kuuya;
• Inopa chiratidzo chekuumbwa kwesaraki;
• Inodzora kuwedzera;
• Inoshandura mashandiro ezvikamu zvekuparadzira gasi;
• Inotonga huturu hweanobuda.

Iyo yekudzivirira nzira yechikamu inosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:

• Mafuta majekiseni;
• Galvanzie coils;
• Pombi yemafuta pombi yemagetsi;
• Mavharuvhu eiyo chiutsi system uye nguva.

Motronic system mhando

Nhasi kune mhando dzakasiyana dze motronic system. Chimwe nechimwe chazvo chine zita rayo.

1. Tsoko;
2. NE;
3. KE;
4. M;
5. MI.

Mhando yega yega inoshanda pachayo. Heano mutsauko mukuru.

Mono-Motronic

Iyi nadzurudzo inoshanda panheyo yeimwe jekiseni. Izvi zvinoreva kuti peturu inopihwa nenzira imwecheteyo seinjini yecarburetor - mune yekudyiwa yakawanda (uko inosanganiswa nemhepo), uye kubva ipapo inosvitswa musirinda yaunoda. Kusiyana neiyo carburetor vhezheni, iyo mono system inopa mafuta pasi pekumanikidza.

MED-Motronic

Urwu ndirwo rudzi rweiyo yakananga jekiseni system. Muchiitiko ichi, chikamu chemafuta chinodyiswa chakananga musilinda inoshanda. Shanduko iyi ichave nemajekiseni akati wandei (zvinoenderana nenhamba yemasirinda). Izvo zvakaiswa mumusoro we cylinder padhuze nepark plugs.

KE-Motronic

Mune ino system, majekiseni akaiswa pane yakawanda yekudyira padyo nechero humburumbira. Mune ino kesi, iyo yemafuta-yemhepo musanganiswa haigadzike musilinda pachayo (senge iri muMED vhezheni), asi pamberi pevhavha yekudyira.

M-Motronic

Iyi ndiyo mhando yakavandudzwa yejekiseni ye multipoint. Iyo peculiarity iri mune yekuti mutungamiriri anosarudza injini kumhanya, uye mweya vhoriyamu sensor inorekodha injini mutoro uye inotumira chiratidzo kuECU. Zviratidzo izvi zvinokanganisa huwandu hwepeturu hunodiwa panguva ino. Kutenda kune yakadaro sisitimu, kushomeka kwekushandisa kunovimbiswa nehunyanzvi hwekushanda kweinjini yemukati yemoto.

INI-Motronic

Iyo yazvino vhezheni yesisitimu yakagadzirirwa nemagetsi vharuvhu vharuvhu. Muchokwadi, iyi yakafanana M-Motronic, inongodzorwa zvachose nemagetsi. Iyo gasi rinokambaira mumota dzakadai harina hukama hwepanyama neiyo throttle. Izvi zvinobvumira chinzvimbo chechinhu chimwe nechimwe muchirongwa kuti chinyatsoenderana.

Mashandiro anoita Motronic mashandiro

Shanduko yega yega ine maitiro ayo ekushanda. Chaizvoizvo, iyo sisitimu inoshanda seinotevera.

Ndangariro yemutungamiriri yakarongedzwa nemaparamende anodikanwa kuti ishande zvakanaka kweinjini. Sensors inorekodha chinzvimbo uye kumhanya kweiyo crankshaft, iyo nzvimbo yemhepo damper uye huwandu hweanouya mweya. Kubva pane izvi, huwandu hunodiwa hwemafuta hunotsanangurwa. Iyo yasara yepeturu isina kushandiswa inodzoserwa kuburikidza nemutsara wekudzosera kutangi.

Iyi inotevera system inogona kushandiswa mumotokari:

• DME M1.1-1.3. shanduko dzakadaro dzinobatanidza kwete chete kugoverwa kwejekiseni, asiwo shanduko munguva yekuvesa. Zvichienderana neinjini inomhanya, iko kuvesa kunogona kumisikidzwa kunonoka kana kuvhurwa kwekutanga kwemavhavha. Iko kugoverwa kwemafuta kunoitiswa zvichibva pahuwandu uye tembiricha yemhepo iri kuuya, crankshaft kumhanya, injini mutoro, inotonhora tembiricha. Kana mota iine otomatiki kutapurirana, huwandu hwemafuta hunogadziriswa zvinoenderana neyakaisirwa kumhanya.
• DME M1.7 Aya masisitimu ane pombi yemafuta. Iyo mita yemweya iri padyo nemhepo firita (damper iyo inodzora zvichienderana nemhepo vhoriyamu), pachishandiswa iyo nguva yekubaiwa uye huwandu hwe peturu.
• DME M3.1. iko kuchinjiswa kwerudzi rwekutanga system. Musiyano uripo kuvapo kwenzvimbo dzinoyerera dzakawanda (kwete vhoriyamu) yemhepo. Izvi zvinobvumira mota kuchinjika kune yakatarisana tembiricha uye isingawanzwike mweya (iyo yakakwira iyo yegungwa mwero, iyo yakaderera iyo oxygen yekumanikidza). Shanduko dzakadai dzinoiswa pamotokari dzinowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzine makomo. Zvinoenderana neshanduro yedhivhairi inotonhorera (iyo yekupisa yazvino shanduko), motronic inosarudzawo kuwanda kwemhepo, uye tembiricha yayo inotemerwa nesenzwi yakaiswa padhuze nevhu vhudzi.

Muchiitiko chimwe nechimwe, kana uchigadzirisa, ita shuwa kuti chikamu chinowirirana nemutungamiriri modhi. Zvikasadaro, iyo sisitimu inoshanda zvisingaite kana kukundikana zvachose.

Sezvo kuvapo kwema sensors akachekererwa kazhinji kunogona kutungamira mukukanganisa (iyo sensor inogona kukundikana chero nguva), iyo system yekudzora yuniti yakagadziriswazve yeavhareji tsika. Semuenzaniso, kana mhepo yemamirimita ikakundikana, iyo ECU inochinjira kuchinzvimbo chekupwanya uye crankshaft yekumhanyisa zviratidzo.

Mazhinji eidzi shanduko dzechimbichimbi hadziratidzwe padhibhodhi sechikanganiso. Nechikonzero ichi, zvinodikanwa kuti uite zvakakwana kuongororwa kwemotokari yemagetsi. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti uwane iko kusashanda munguva uye kuibvisa.

Matambudziko ekugadzirisa

Shanduko yega yega yeMotronic system ine maitiro ayo, uye panguva imwechete nzira dzayo dzekugadzirisa matambudziko. Ngatitarisei ivo zvakare.

KE-Motronic

Iyi sisitimu yakaiswa pane yeAudi 80 modhi. Kuti uratidze kodhi yekusashanda pane iyo-bhodhi komputa skrini, unofanira kutora runhare rwuri padyo negearshift lever uye nekuipfupisa pasi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo yekukanganisa kodhi inopenya pane yakashambidzika.

Zvinowanzoitika malfunctions zvinosanganisira:

• Injini haina kutanga zvakanaka;
• Nekuda kwekuti iyo MTC yakawedzeredzwa, mota yakatanga kushanda zvakanyanya;
• Pane kumwe kumhanya, injini inodzika.

Kukanganisa kwakadaro kunogona kusangana nenyaya yekuti mhepo inoyerera yemamita ndiro iri kunamira. Chikonzero chakajairika cheichi kuiswa kusingaiti kwemhepo firita (chikamu chayo chepasi chinonamatira kune ndiro, uye hachiibvumidze kuti ifambe zvakasununguka).

Kuti usvike pachikamu ichi, zvinodikanwa kuti ubvise hosipaipi yerabha inoenda pamusoro payo uye ubatanidze kune yakawanda yekudyira. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga zvikonzero zvekuvharira vhiri remahara replate (dzimwe nguva rakaiswa zvisirizvo, uye harigone kuvhura / kuvhara, kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemhepo), uye kuvabvisa. Izvo zvinodawo kutarisa kuti chikamu ichi chakaremara, sezvo izvi zvichigona kuitika nekuda kwekukwikwidza, izvo zvakawedzera zvakanyanya kumanikidza kumashure musystem yekudya. Chinhu ichi chinofanirwa kunge chiine chimiro chakatsetseka.

Kana iyo ndiro yakaremara, inobviswa (izvi zvinoda kuedza kukuru, sezvo zvekusunga zvakatemwa neglue yakasarudzika kuitira kuti pini irege kumonyoroka). Mushure mokuputsa, ndiro yacho yakaenzaniswa. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa mallet uye block yehuni kuitira kuti usadurure chigadzirwa. Kana maburi aumba kana makona akakuvara, anogadziriswa nefaira, asi kuitira kuti parege kugadzirwa maburi. Pakati penzira, iwe unofanirwa kuongorora uye nekuchenesa iyo throttle, isina basa vharuvhu.

Tevere, inoongororwa kana iwo wekuparadzira kuve wakachena. Iyo inogona kuunganidza guruva uye tsvina, izvo zvinokanganisa kugovaniswa kweiyo kuvesa nguva mune inoenderana humburumbira. Kazhinji, asi zvakadaro pane kukanganisika kweiyo yepamusoro-voltage waya. Kana kukanganisa uku kuripo, vanofanirwa kutsiviwa.

Chinhu chinotevera chekutarisa ndiko kusangana kwemutsara wemweya wekutora uye nemusoro wedosi mujekiseni. Kana kunyangwe kurasikirwa kudiki kwemhepo kuchiitika muchikamu chino, sisitimu inozotadza kushanda.

Zvakare, muinjini dzakashongedzerwa neiyi sisitimu, kusagadzikana kusimba kumhanya kunowanzoonekwa. Chekutanga pane zvese, makenduru, akakwira-magetsi waya, uye rucheno rwechifukidziro chemugovera chinoongororwa. Ipapo iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa mashandiro ejekiseni. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti izvi zvishandiso zvinoshanda pane peturu kumanikidza, uye kwete nemubhadharo wevhevha yemagetsi. Kuchenesa kwakadzika kwemabhuru aya hakubatsire, nekuti izvi zvinoda michina yakakosha. Nzira yakachipa chose ndeyekutsiva zvinhu zvacho nezvitsva.

Kumwe kusashanda kunokanganisa idle kusvibiswa kwemafuta system. Izvi zvinofanirwa kugara zvichidzivirirwa, sezvo kunyangwe kusvibiswa kudiki kuchizokanganisa mashandiro emamita emafuta. Kuti uone kuti hapana tsvina mumutsara, zvinodikanwa kubvisa pombi inouya kubva panjanji yemafuta uye kutarisa kana paine chero maisipiti uye zvimedu zvekunze mairi. Utsanana hwemutsara hunogona kutongwa nemamiriro eiyo mafuta firita. Munguva yekutsiva kwakarongwa, unogona kuicheka uye nekuona iyo mamiriro echinhu chesefa. Kana paine tsvina yakawanda mairi, saka panogona kunge paine mukana wekuti zvimwe zvidimbu zvichiri kupinda mumutsetse wemafuta. Kana kusvibiswa kukaonekwa, mutsetse wemafuta wakatsetseka kwazvo.

Kazhinji pane matambudziko nekutonhora kana kupisa kutanga kweinjini neiyi system. Chikonzero chikuru chekukanganisa kwakadai seti yekukanganisa:

• Kuderera mukushanda kwepombi yemafuta nekuda kwekufuka kwenhengo dzayo;
• Mafuta akavharika kana akaputswa mafuta.
• Yakaremara cheki vharafu.

Kana mavhavha asiri kushanda nemazvo, saka, senge sarudzo, chinhu chinokonzeresa kutanga kwechando chinogona kuwiriraniswa nekushanda kwekutanga. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unogona kusanganisa iyo yekuwedzera yeiyo yekutanga kune iyo yekupedzisira terminal yevhavha, uye wozadza iyo minus kumuviri. Nekuda kwekubatana uku, chishandiso chinogara chichigoneswa kana iyo Starter yadzvanywa nekupfuura iyo control unit. Asi mune iyi kesi pane njodzi yekufashukira kwemafuta. Neichi chikonzero, haufanire kumanikidza gasi pedal zvakaoma, asi shandura iyo Starter kwenguva ipfupi.

M1.7 Zvinotyisa

Mimwe mamodheru eBMW, senge 518L uye 318i, akashongedzerwa neiri mafuta system. Sezvo uku kuchinjiswa kwemafuta system kuri kuvimbika zvakanyanya, zvinokanganisa mukushanda kwayo zvinonyanya kusanganisirwa nekutadza kwemishini yezvinhu, kwete nekukanganisa nemagetsi.

Chikonzero chakanyanya kukanganisika zvinhu zvakavharika, pamwe chete nemidziyo iyo inowoneswa kupisa kwakanyanya kana mvura. Zvikanganiso muchikamu chekutonga zvinowoneka chaizvo izvi zvikonzero. Izvi zvinoita kuti injini irambe isina kugadzikana.

Iko kune kazhinji kukundikana mukushanda kwemota, iko kudedera uye kukanganisa, zvisinei nemhando yekushandisa yeyuniti. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekusvibiswa kweye kuvesa kwekuparadzira cap. Iyo yakafukidzwa nezvakawanda zvinovhara mapurasitiki, uko guruva rakasanganiswa negirizi rinopinda mukufamba kwenguva. Nechikonzero ichi, pane kukanganisika kwemhepo yepamusoro yazvino kusvika pasi, uye, semhedzisiro, kukanganiswa mukupa kwecheche. Kana kusashanda uku kukaitika, zvinodikanwa kubvisa chifukidziro chemugovera, nekuchichenesa zvakakwana uye chinotsvedza. Semutemo, iwo makwikwi pachawo haadi kuchinjwa. Zvakaringana kuzvichenesa.

Iwo akakwira-magetsi waya pachavo mumota dzakadai akavharirwa mumatanhire akakosha anodzivirira akakwira-voltage mutsara kubva kune tsvina, hunyoro uye kuratidzwa kune kwakanyanya tembiricha. Naizvozvo, matambudziko newaya anowanzoenderana nekugadziriswa kusiri iko kwemazano emakenduru. Kana mukati mekushanda mutyairi akakuvadza muromo kana nzvimbo yekugadzirisa waya muchivharo chekuparadzira, ipapo iyo system yekuvesa inoshanda mukati kana kumira kushanda zvachose.

Yakavhara injector (mafuta majekiseni) chimwe chikonzero chekusagadzikana mashandiro emukati injini yemagetsi (vibration). Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwevatyairi vazhinji, masimba emagetsi echiratidzo cheBMW anosiyaniswa nenyaya yekuti kupfeka zvishoma nezvishoma kwemajekiseni emafuta kunotungamira mukudzikira kukuru kweBTC. Kazhinji dambudziko iri rinogadziriswa nekushandisa yakakosha masheji emabhosi.

Mota dzese dzakashongedzerwa neMotronic system dzinoonekwa nekumhanyisa idle kumhanya kana kusashanda kuchiitika. Chimwe chezvikonzero zveichi kushomeka kwehusimbe. Kutanga, chishandiso chinoda kucheneswa zvakanaka. Uye zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kuteerera kune chinzvimbo cheye damper yekumira yekufamba. Iwe unogona kuwedzera iyo spidhi nekuchinja chinzvimbo cheiyo limiter. Asi ichi chinongova chiyero chenguva pfupi uye hachigadzirise dambudziko. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti kuwedzera kwekumhanyisa kumhanyisa kunokanganisa mashandiro eiyo potentiometer.

Icho chikonzero chekusaenzana kwekushanda kweinjini pakumhanya kusingaite kunogona kunge kuri kuvhara kweiyo XX vharuvhu (iyo yakaiswa kumashure kweinjini). Zviri nyore kuchenesa. Pakati penzira, malfunctions mukushanda kwemhepo inoyerera mita inogona kuoneka. Iyo yekudyidzana track inopfekera mukati mayo, nekuda kweiyo magetsi emagetsi anowedzera pane zvinobuda kubva muchigadzirwa zvinogona kucherechedzwa. Iko kukura kwemhepo mune ino node kunofanirwa kuve kwakatsetseka sezvinobvira. Zvikasadaro, zvinokanganisa mashandiro echikamu chekutonga. Izvi zvinogona kukonzeresa pakukanganisa uye kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwemhepo / mafuta musanganiswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, injini inorasikirwa nesimba uye mota ine mashoma masisitimu.

Diagnostics yekuyerera kwemamita serviceability inoitwa uchishandisa multimeter yakaiswa kune yemagetsi kuyera modhi. Iyo kifaa pachayo inogoneswa kana yazvino ye5V yaiswa. Neinjini yadzimwa uye kuvesa moto, iwo mamultimeter ekufambisa akabatana kune ekuyeresa emamita vanobatana. Izvo zvinodikanwa kutenderedza nemaoko kuyerera kwemamita. Nechigadzirwa chinoshanda pane voltmeter, museve unotsauka mukati me0.5-4.5V. Iyi cheki inofanirwa kuitiswa pane ese ari maviri anotonhora uye anopisa emukati emoto injini.

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti potentiometer yekubata track iri mushe, unofanirwa kuipukuta zvinyoronyoro nedoro pukuta. Iyo inobata inofambidzana haifanire kubatwa kuti irege kukombama, uye nokudaro isingagogome pasi magadzirirwo ekugadzirisa kuumbwa kwemhepo uye musanganiswa wemafuta.

Zvakaoma kutanga mota yakashongedzerwa neMotronic M1.7 system ingave ichiri kusangana nekukanganisa kweiyo standard anti-kuba system. Iyo immobilizer yakabatana neanodzora yuniti, uye hurema hwayo hunogona kuve husinga zivikanwe neiyo microprocessor, iyo inokonzeresa iyo Motronic system kutadza kushanda. Unogona kutarisa kusashanda uku seinotevera. Iyo immobilizer yakabviswa kubva kuchikamu chekutonga (bata 31) uye simba remagetsi rakatangwa. Kana iyo ICE yatanga zvinobudirira, saka unofanirwa kutsvaga zvikanganiso muanti-kuba system yemagetsi.

Kubatsira uye kuipa

Pakati pezvakanaka zveiyo yepamusoro jekiseni system zvinotevera:

• Chiyero chakakwana chinowanikwa pakati peinjini kuita uye hupfumi;
• Iyo yekudzora unit haidi kuti iwedzerwe, nekuti iyo system pachayo inogadzirisa zvikanganiso;
• Zvisinei nekuvapo kwema sensors mazhinji akachekererwa, sisitimu yacho yakavimbika.
• Mutyairi haafanire kunetseka nezvekuwedzera kwemafuta mukushandisa pasi pemamiriro akafanana - sisitimu inogadzirisa jekiseni kune hunhu hwenzvimbo dzakasakara.

Kunyangwe izvo zvakashata zveMotronic system zviri zvishoma, zvakakosha:

• Iyo dhizaini dhizaini inosanganisira hombe sensors. Kuti uwane kusashanda zvakanaka, zvakakosha kuti utarise zvakadzika zvemakomputa, kunyangwe kana iyo ECU isingaratidze kukanganisa.
• Nekuda kwekuoma kwesisitimu, kugadzirisa kwayo kunodhura.
• Nhasi, hapana nyanzvi dzakawanda kwazvo dzinonzwisisa kuoma kwebasa rekushandurwa kwega kwega, saka uchafanirwa kushanyira nzvimbo yebasa yepamutemo yekugadzirisa. Iwo masevhisi anodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura eaya akajairwa mashopu.

Iva sezvazvingaite, matekinoroji epamberi akagadzirirwa kuita kuti hupenyu huve nyore kune mutyairi, kuvandudza kutyaira kwekutyaira, kugadzirisa kuchengetedzeka kwemotokari uye kudzikisira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Pamusoro pezvo, tinokurudzira kutarisa pfupi vhidhiyo nezve mashandiro eMotronic system:

BMW Motronic Injini Management Vhidhiyo Tutorial

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Sei uchida iyo Motronic system. Ichi chihurongwa icho panguva imwe chete chinoita mabasa maviri akakosha mukushanda kwesimba remagetsi. Kutanga, inodzora kuumbwa uye kugoverwa kwemoto mune peturu simba magetsi. Kechipiri, Motronic inodzora nguva yejekiseni remafuta. Iko kune akati wandei kugadziridzwa kweiyi system, iyo inosanganisira zvese mono jekiseni uye multipoint jekiseni.

Ndezvipi zvakanakira Motronic system. Kutanga, iwo emagetsi anokwanisa kunyatso kutonga nguva yekuvesa uye kuendesa kwemafuta. Nekuda kweizvi, injini yemoto yemukati inogona kudya huwandu hwepeturu pasina kurasikirwa nesimba. Chechipiri, nekuda kwekuzara kwakakwana kweBTC, mota inoburitsa zvinhu zvisina kukuvadza zviri mumafuta asina kupisa. Yetatu, iyo sisitimu ine algorithm iyo inokwanisa kugadzirisa izvo zvinoita kune zvinomuka zvinokundikana mumagetsi. Chechina, mune dzimwe nguva, iyo yekudzora unit yeiyo system inokwanisa kuzvimiririra kubvisa zvimwe zvikanganiso, kuitira kuti iyo system isingade kuzadzikiswa.