Chii chinonzi mota camshaft yenguva system?

Shaft yekufananidza system

Iyo vharuvhu yenguva system ndiyo inowanzo gamuchirwa pasi rose nguva kusiana. Iyi sisitimu yakagadzirirwa kudzora ma parameter eiyo nzira yekuparadzira gasi, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushanda enjini. Iko kushandiswa kwesisitimu kunopa kuwedzera kwesimba reinjini uye torque, hupfumi hwemafuta uye kuderera kwekubuda kunokuvadza. Adjustable parameter emagetsi ekuparadzira mashandiro anosanganisira. Valve yekuvhura kana yekuvhara nguva uye vheji yekusimudza. Kazhinji, aya ma parameter inguva yekuvhara yevhavha. Iyo nguva yekudyiwa uye yekupedza kurohwa, inoratidzwa nekona yekutenderera kweye crankshaft inoenderana ne "vakafa" mapoinzi. Chikamu chekuyananisa chinotariswa nechimiro checamshaft cam inoshanda pane vharafu.

Cam camshaft

Mhando dzakasiyana dzekushanda kwevhavha dzinoda akasiyana vharuvhu kugadziridzwa. Nekudaro, pakumhanya kwakadzika kweinjini, iyo nguva inofanirwa kunge iri yehurefu hushoma kana chikamu "chakamanikana". Pakumhanya kwakanyanya, iyo vharuvhu nguva inofanira kunge yakaenzana sezvinobvira. Panguva imwecheteyo, kupindirana kwekutora uye kupedza chiteshi kunovimbiswa, zvinoreva kudzokororazve gasi rekudzimisa gasi. Iyo camshaft cam yakaumbwa uye haigone kupa ese ari matete uye akapamhama vharuvhu torque panguva imwe chete. Mukuita, iyo cam chimiro inokanganisa pakati penzvimbo huru yedhorobha pakumhanya kwakadzika uye simba rakakwira pakakwirira crankshaft kumhanya. Iyi mutsauko inonyatsogadziriswa neyakagadziriswa nguva vharuvhu system.

Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo synchronization system uye camshaft

Zvichienderana nematanho ekugadziriswa enguva, anotevera akasiyana echikamu ekudzora nzira anosiyana. Kutenderera iyo camshaft, uchishandisa akasiyana mac maumbirwo uye nekuchinja marefu vharuvhu. Inonyanya kushandiswa mukumhanyisa mota. Izvi zvinowedzera mamwe emota simba kubva pa30% kusvika 70%. Iwo akajairika vharuvhu ekudzora masisitimu macamshaft kutenderera BMW VANOS, VVT-i. Variable vharuvhu nguva nehungwaru kubva kuToyota; VVT. Nguva yekusiyana yevhavha neVolkswage VTC. Variable nguva kutonga kubva kuHonda; Isingagumi kusiyanisa vharuvhu nguva CVVT kubva kuHyundai, Kia, Volvo, General Motors; VCP, akasiyana cam zvikamu kubva kuRenault. Nheyo yekushanda kwemaitiro aya inoenderana nekutenderera kwecamshaft munzira yekutenderera, nekuda kwekuti kuvhurwa kwekutanga kwemavharuvhu kunoitwa zvichienzaniswa nenzvimbo yekutanga.

Zvimiro zveiyo synchronization system

Dhizaini yegasi yekuparadzira gadziriro yerudzi urwu inosanganisira. Hydraulically yakagadziriswa kubatana uye kutonga system yeiyi kubatana. Scheme ye otomatiki control system yeiyo vharuvhu yekushandisa nguva. Iyo clutch inogadzirwa nemagetsi, inowanzo kunzi switch switch, inotyaira iyo camshaft yakanangana. Bharaki ine rotor yakabatana necamshaft uye dzimba. Iyo inoita basa re camshaft drive pulley. Kune mitsara pakati peiyo rotor nedzimba, umo mafuta enjini anopihwa kuburikidza nemikana. Kuzadza mhango nemafuta kunovimbisa kutenderera kweiyo rotor inoenderana neimba uye kutenderera kunoenderana kwecamshaft pane imwe kona. Mazhinji eiyo hydraulic clutch yakaiswa pane yekudyiwa camshaft.

Izvo zvinowaniswa neiyo system yekufananidza

Kuti uwedzere kudzora ma parameter mune mamwe magadzirirwo, macomputer akaiswa pane iyo yekudyira uye pedza camshafts. Iyo yekudzvanya sisitimu inopa otomatiki kugadzirisa yeiyo clutch oparesheni ine hydraulic kutonga. Nechimiro, inosanganisira maseru ekuisa, emagetsi control unit uye vanoita. Iyo control system inoshandisa Horo sensors. Iyo inoongorora chinzvimbo chemamshafiti, pamwe nemamwe ma sensors einjini manejimendi system. Injini yekumhanyisa, inotonhorera tembiricha uye mweya mashoma mita. Injini inodzora unit inogamuchira masaini kubva kuma sensors uye inogadzira ekudzora zviito zvechitima chitima. Iyo inonziwo electro hydraulic vharafu. Mugovera ivharuvhu ye solenoid uye anounza mafuta ku clutch nekubatika kwe hydraulic, zvinoenderana neinjini yekushandisa mamiriro.

Variable vharuvhu kudzora system inoshanda maitiro

Iyo inoshanduka vharuvhu nguva yekumisikidza system inopa, sekutonga, kushanda mune anotevera modes: pane idle kumhanya (mashoma crankshaft kutenderera kumhanya); simba rakanyanya; kunonyanyisa torque Rumwe rudzi rweanoshanduka vharuvhu yekudzora sisitimu inoenderana nekushandiswa kwemakamera eakasiyana maumbirwo, ayo anotungamira kune nhanho shanduko munguva yekuvhura uye kusimudza kwevhavha. Masisitimu akadaro anozivikanwa: VTEC, inodzora vharuvhu kudzora uye emagetsi erevheta kudzora kubva kuHonda; VVTL-i, inoshanduka nguva yevhavha uye kusimudza zvine hungwaru kubva kuToyota; MIVEC, Mitsubishi Inovandudza gasi rekuparadzira gadziriro kubva kuMitsubishi; Valvelift system kubva kuAudi. Aya masisitimu akaenzana dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda, kunze kweiyo Valvelift system. Semuenzaniso, imwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa masisitimu eVTEC anosanganisira seti yemakamera emaprofiles akasiyana uye nehurongwa hwekutonga. VTEC dhizaini dhizaini.

Mhando dzecamshaft cams

Iyo camshaft ine maviri madiki uye imwe hombe makamera. Makamu madiki akabatanidzwa kuburikidza neanowirirana matombo edombo kune mapairi emagetsi ekutsveta. Huru huru inofambisa yakasununguka rocker. Iyo yekudzvanya sisitimu inopa switching kubva kune imwe inoshanda mode kuenda kune imwe. Nekushandisa iyo yekukiya mashandiro. Iyo yekuvharira michina inoiswa hydraulic. Pakumhanya kweinjini, kana zvakare kunzi yakaderera mutoro, mavharuvhu ekudyiwa anotyairwa nemakamuri madiki. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yekuvharisa nguva yekushanda inoonekwa nehurefu hupfupi. Kana iyo injini inomhanya ikasvika pane imwe kukosha, iyo sisitimu inodzora inomisikidza iyo yekukiya mashini. Iwo ma rocker emakamu madiki uye akakura akasunganidzwa nepini yekukiya uye simba rinotapurirana kumagetsi ekudyira kubva kune yakakura cam.

Kubvumirana system

Imwe shanduko yeVTEC system ine matatu ekudzora modes. Izvo zvinotemerwa nebasa rediki hump kana kuvhurwa kwevharuvhu yekutora pane yakaderera injini kumhanya. Makamera maviri madiki, zvinoreva kuti mavharuvhu maviri ekudya anovhurwa nekumhanya kwepakati. Uye zvakare hump hombe pakumhanya kukuru. Honda yemazuva ano vhezheni yenguva yenguva ndiyo I-VTEC system, iyo inosanganisa VTEC neVTC masisitimu. Kusanganiswa uku kunowedzera zvakanyanya injini yekudzora paramita. Iyo yakanyanya kuchinjika dhizaini yekudzora system maererano nekugadzirwa kwakavakirwa pakugadziriswa kwevharuvhu kureba. Iyi sisitimu inobvisa gasi pasi peakawanda einjini anoshanda mamiriro. Iyo piyona munharaunda iyi iBMW uye yayo Valvetronic system.

Nguva yekutora camshaft mashandiro

Pfungwa yakafanana inoshandiswa mune mamwe masisitimu: Toyota Valvematic, VEL, vharuvhu inoshanduka uye simudza system kubva kuNissan, Fiat MultiAir, VTI, vharuvhu inoshanduka uye jekiseni system kubva kuPeugeot. Valvetronic system dhayagiramu. Mune iyo Valvetronic system, shanduko muvhavha yekusimudza inopihwa neyakaomarara kinematic scheme. Mune iyo yechinyakare rotor-vharuvhu batira inowedzerwa ne eccentric shaft uye yepakati lever. Iyo eccentric shaft inotenderedzwa nemota kuburikidza nehonye giya. Kutenderera kweiyo eccentric shaft inoshandura chinzvimbo cheiyo yepakati lever, iyo inosarudzira kumwe kufamba kweiyo rocker ruoko uye inoenderana kufamba kwevhavha. Vheji yekusimudza inoshandurwa ichienderera, zvichienderana nemashandiro einjini. Valvetronic inongokwira pamavhavha ekudya.