Chii chinonzi jekiseni remafuta?

Bosch yakagadzira jekiseni remafuta edhiziri muna 1920 vachipindura kudiwa kwemafuta nemitengo. Kubva pakauya jekiseni remafuta mumotokari, kumhanya uye kukurumidza kwemota zhinji kwachinja. kuwedzeredza kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji kwakaita kuti injini dziwedzere mari, dzishande uye dzakagadzira dzakakwirira simba rebhiza. Iyi tekinoroji, kunyangwe yakagadziridzwa, hongu inoshandiswa nhasi mune zvese dizeli uye peturu injini.

Injector yemafuta mudziyo wekupfapfaidza uye kubaya mafuta mukamuri yekupisa mukati. injini. Iyo jekiseni inoisa atomize mafuta uye inoipomba yakananga mukamuri yekupisa pane imwe nzvimbo mukutenderera kutenderera. Majekiseni matsva anogona zvakare kuyera huwandu hwemafuta sekurairwa uye kudzorwa. chii yemagetsi kudzora unit (ECM). peturu fmafuta majekiseni iye zvino anoita seimwe nzira kune carburetor, umo musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta inosvetwa mukati nevhavha yakagadzirwa nepiston yakaderera sitiroko.

Sezvo mutemo, majekiseni emafuta edhiziri akaiswa mumusoro wejini nemuromo mukati mekamuri rinopisa. chamber, gomba saizi, nhamba yemakomba nemakona ekupfapfaidza anogona kusiyana kubva painjini kuenda kune injini.

Petrol majekiseni anogona kuiswa pane inotorwa. zvakawanda (много-port jekiseni, throttle miviri, kana kuti munguva pfupi yapfuura yakananga mukamuri yekupisa (GDI).

Sei majekiseni emafuta achidiwa?

Mafuta majekiseni akakosha einjini zvikamu nekuti:

Nheyo yekushanda kweinjini dzinopisa inotaura kuti zviri nani kunaka kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa, zviri nani kupisa, izvo, inopa yakakwirira injini kunyatsoshanda uye yakaderera utsi.

· Iko kusashanda kusanganiswa kwemafuta nemhepo kunopiwa necarburetors kunosiya zvakasiyana-siyana zvisina kupiswa mukati mekamuri yekupisa yeinjini yekupisa mukati. Izvi zvinotungamirira kukuparidzirwa kusina kunaka kwemurazvo wekupisa nekuda kwe kusashanda inozivikanwa se "detonation", pamwe nekukwira kwemhepo.

Mafuta asina kupiswa ari muchimiro chekabhoni kana magasi asina kupiswa uye zvimedu mukati mekamuri yekupisa zvinokanganisa kushanda zvakanaka (mileage), uye kubudiswa kwemotokari. Kuti udzivise izvi, tekinoroji yejekiseni yemafuta yakavandudzwa yakave yakakosha.

Mafuta ejekiseni marudzi

Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yejekiseni remafuta kwakatungamira mukubuda kweakasiyana majekiseni emafuta, senge jekiseni remafuta, multiport mafuta jekiseni, sequential jekiseni remafuta uye jekiseni rakananga, iro rinosiyana zvichienderana nekushandisa.

Kune marudzi maviri emajekiseni emafuta:

Mazuva ano dieMajekiseni emafuta ega ega anoshandiswa paatomization uye jekiseni kana atomization dhiziri (mafuta anorema kupfuura peturu) akananga mukamuri yekupisa dizeli injini kuti compression ignition (Kwete Spark plug).

Diesel mafuta majekiseni anoda yakakwira jekiseni pressure. (kumusoro inosvika 30,000 psi) pane majekiseni epeturu sezvo dhiziri richirema kudarika peturu uye kudiwa kwakanyanya kudiwa kuti atomize mafuta.

2. Majekiseni emafuta epeturu

Gasoline mafuta majekiseni anoshandiswa kubaya zvakananga kana kupfapfaidza peturu. (GDI) kana kuburikidza nekuwanda kwekudya (multi-port) kana kuti throttle body kupinda mukamuri rinopfuta kuti ubatidze.

Dhizaini yemajekiseni epeturu iri kuchinja nemhando… mitsva yeGDI nozzles inoshandisa yakawanda-hole nozzle, multiport uye throttle body shandisa isina chinangwa chekunamatira.Iyo peturu jekiseni pressure yakaderera zvakanyanya pane Kufasarudzo…3000 psi yeGDI uye 35 psi ye Pinter style

Fuel Dispensing Basics - Majekiseni

Kune marudzi maviri emafuta dosing (jekiseni nguva yekudzora huwandu,pressure, uye nguva yekuendesa mafuta) mafuta majekiseni. Injini dzemazuva ano dzine majekiseni anosvika mashanu mukutenderera kwega kwega ... kuti ubatsirwe kubva mukubudirira uye kuderedzwa kwekuburitsa.

1. Majekiseni emafuta ane mechanical control

Mechanical mafuta majekiseni umo mafuta kutonga kumhanya, huwandu, время uye kumanikidzwa kunoitwa muchina uchishandisa zvitubu uye plungers. Izvi zvikamu zvinogashira chiratidzo kubva kucam kana yakakwira yekumanikidza mafuta pombi.

2. Electronic mafuta majekiseni

Aya majekiseni emafuta anodzorwa nemagetsi kana zvasvika pahuwandu hwemafuta. pressure, uye mazuva ekupedzisira. Iyo solenoid yemagetsi inogamuchira data kubva kune yemagetsi control module. (ECU) motokari.

dhizaini jekiseni remafuta

Magadzirirwo akareruka emboro yemafuta anofanana nemuromo wepoipi yebindu iyo inoshandiswa kupfapfaidza mvura pauswa.Basa rimwechete rinoitwa nejekiseni yemafuta, asi mutsauko ndewekuti panzvimbo yemvura, mafuta anoputirwa uye "sprayed" mukati mejini, zvichiita kuti apinde muimba inopisa.

ngatiitei Nzwisisa dhizaini nekushanda kwejekiseni remafuta nekutarisa ese majekiseni emafuta anodzorwa nemuchina uye nemagetsi.

Fuel injector ine mechanical control

Mafuta majekiseni ane mechanical control inosanganisira kubva muzvikamu zvinotevera:

Injector housing - imba yekunze kana "shell" mukati umo dzimwe nzvimbo dzose dzejekiseni dziripo. an injector yakavakwa mukati. Mukati memuviri wejekiseni unofanirwa kunge uine capillary yakanyatsogadzirwa kana nzira iyo mafuta ekumanikidza kubva papombi yemafuta anogona kuyerera kuitira atomize uye jekiseni.

· Plunger - Injector yemafuta inogona kushandisa piston inoshandiswa kuvhura kana kuvhara jekiseni nekumanikidza kwemafuta. Inodzorwa nekubatanidzwa kwezvitubu uye spacers.

· Zvitubu - Chitubu chimwe kana maviri anoshandiswa mukati memagetsi anodzorwa majekiseni emafuta. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

1. Plunger spring. Kuenda mberi uye kumashure kwekufamba kweplunger kunodzorwa neplunger spring, iyo inomanikidzwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemafuta. Kana kudzvanywa kwemafuta mukati mejekitori yemafuta kunowedzera kune kukosha kwakakura kudarika chitubu/shim kuseta musanganiswa tsono mumhino inokwira, mafuta ari atomized uye jekiseni, sezvo kumanikidzwa inoderera muromo unovhara.

2. Chitubu chikuru. Chitubu chikuru chinoshandiswa kudzora chiteshi chejekiseni. kumanikidzwa.Main spring iri kushanda kubva pakuita kwekumanikidza kwemafuta kwakagadzirwa nepombi yemafuta.

Injector yemafuta nemagetsi kutonga

Iyi imhando ye "smart" yeinjector yemafuta inodzorwa neinjini yeelectronic control module (ECM), iyo inozivikanwawo sehuropi hwemainjini emazuva ano.

Majekiseni emafuta anodzorwa nemagetsi anosanganisira zvinotevera zvikamu:

· Nozzle body. Kungofanana nejekiseni rinodzorwa nemagetsi, rudzi urwu rwejekiseni muviri igororo-rakagadzirwa negomba mukati umo mune zvimwe zvikamu zvese zviripo.

· Plunger. Sezvinoita nemajekiseni emafuta anodzorwa nemuchina, plunger inogona kushandiswa kuvhura nekuvhara muromo, asi mumajekiseni emafuta anodzorwa nemagetsi, kuvhurwa kwehutsi kunodzorwa nemagetsi uchishandisa magineti emagetsi kana solenoids.

Chitubu - Sezvinoita jekiseni rinoshandiswa nemagetsi, chitubu cheplunger chinoshandiswa kubata plunger pachinzvimbo chayo kudzamara jekiseni rasvika, uyezve kuvhara jekiseni remafuta kana kunodiwa.

· Magetsi emagetsi. Kusiyana nemajekiseni anodzorwa nemuchina, rudzi urwu rwejekiseni rine magetsi emagetsi kana solenoids akatenderedza plunger anodzora kuvhurwa kwejekitori. Izvi zvinoitwa nekugamuchira chiratidzo chemagetsi kubva kuECM kuburikidza nemagetsi ekubatanidza injector yemafuta kuECM.

· Electronic plug/connection. Iyo yemagetsi inodzorwa mafuta injector ine chinongedzo icho chiratidziro chemagetsi kubva muinjini ECM chinotumirwa kune majekiseni. Izvi zvinovhura muromo в pfapfaidza mafuta.