Chii chinonzi turbocharger? Dzidza nezve mamiriro ekushanda e turbocharger mune injini yekupisa yemukati

Iro zita pacharo rinoratidza kuti chinangwa cheturbine ndechekutsikirira. Mhepo inodiwa kupisa mafuta, saka turbocharger inokanganisa dhizaini yemhepo inopinda mukamuri yekupisa. Kuwedzera kwemhepo kunorevei? Kutenda kune izvi, zvinokwanisika kupisa dhigirii yakakura yemafuta, zvinoreva kuwedzera injini simba. Asi iri handiro chete basa rinoitwa neturbine. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve mota turbocharger!

turbine inorongwa sei?

Kana iwe uchida kunzwisisa kuti turbine inoshanda sei, unofanirwa kuziva kuti inoshanda sei. Yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvinonzi:

• kutonhora;
• inopisa.

Chikamu chinopisa chine vhiri returbine, rinofambiswa nemagasi emhepo anokonzerwa nekupisa kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa. Iyo impeller inogara mune imba yakasungirirwa kune injini yekupopota yakawanda. Rutivi runotonhora runosanganisirawo impeller uye imba umo mweya unomanikidzwa kubva kumhepo sefa. Marotor ese ari maviri akaiswa pane imwechete compressor core.

Iyo peya padivi rinotonhora zvakare chikamu chakakosha. Tsvimbo inovhara vharuvhu yekuburitsa kana yakanyanya kukwidziridzwa yasvika.

Kushanda kwe turbocharger mumotokari inopisa mukati

Pasi pechiito che flue gas impulse, rotor padivi rinopisa rinokurumidza. Panguva imwecheteyo, rotor iri kune imwe mugumo wepakati inogadzirirwa kufamba. Iyo yakagadziriswa geometry turbocharger inotsamira zvachose pakumhanya kwemagasi ekupedza, saka iyo yakakwira iyo injini kumhanya, iyo inokurumidza kutendeuka rotor. Mumagadzirirwo matsva, kufamba kwemashizha e turbine kunokanganisa. Chiyero chekuwedzera kumanikidza kumhanyisa injini inodzikira. Nekudaro, boost yatoonekwa mune yakaderera rev renji.

Turbocharger - musimboti wekushanda uye mhedzisiro pane injini

Chii chinogoneka nekuda kwekuti mweya wakamanikidzwa unopinda mukamuri yekupisa? Sezvaunoziva, kuwedzera kwemhepo, kuwedzera kweokisijeni. Iyo yekupedzisira pachayo haina kukanganisa kuwedzera kwesimba reiyo unit, asi nekuwedzera, iyo injini controller inoburitsawo yakawedzera dosi yehuturu nekukwira kwega kwega. Pasina oxygen, yaisagona kupiswa. Nokudaro, turbocharger inowedzera simba uye torque yejini.

Turbocharger - iro rinotonhora rinoshanda sei?

Zita iri rakabva kupi? Ini ndinosimbisa kuti mhepo inopinda mune yekudyara manifold inotonhora (kana kuti inotonhora zvakanyanya kupfuura magasi ekupedza). Pakutanga, vagadziri vakaisa turbocharger chete mumainjini aimanikidza mweya wakananga kubva kune sefa kupinda mukamuri yekupisa. Zvisinei, zvakaonekwa kuti inopisa uye kushanda kwechigadzirwa kunoderera. Naizvozvo, ndaifanira kuisa yekutonhodza system uye intercooler.

Intercooler inoshanda sei uye nei yakaiswa?

Radiator rakagadzirwa kuitira kuti mhepo inoyerera ichipfuura nepazvimbi zvayo inotonhodza mweya wakabaiwa mairi. Gasi mechanics inoratidza kuti density yemhepo inoenderana nekupisa. Kunyanya kutonhora, ndiko kuwedzera kweokisijeni yairi. Nokudaro, mhepo yakawanda inogona kumanikidzwa kupinda mukamuri yejini panguva, iyo inofanirwa kupisa. Kubva mufekitari, intercooler yaiwanzoiswa muvhiri remavhiri kana kuti nechepasi pebhampa. Zvisinei, zvakaonekwa kuti zvinopa migumisiro yakanakisisa kana yaiswa pamberi pemvura inotonhorera.

Diesel turbocharger inoshanda sei - yakasiyana here?

Muchidimbu - kwete. Ese ari maviri ejini dzekumanikidza-kudzimisa uye spark-ignition dzinoburitsa magasi emhepo, saka turbocharger mupeturu, dhiziri, uye gasi injini inoshanda zvakafanana. Nekudaro, manejimendi ayo anogona kuve akasiyana nekushandisa:

• bypass valve;
• vacuum control (semuenzaniso vharafu N75);
• nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana yemashizha. 

Rudzi rwekutenderera kweturbine mune yakapihwa injini inogonawo kusiyana. Mudhiziri uye madiki peturu zvikamu, kuwedzera kunogona kunzwika kubva kune yakaderera rev rev. Mhando dzechinyakare dzemota dzepeturu dzinowanzosvika pakukwirisa pa3000 rpm.

New mota turbocharger uye midziyo yavo mumotokari

Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, kushandiswa kweinopfuura imwe turbocharger painjini kwaichengeterwa injini dzepamusoro-soro chete. Iye zvino hapana chinoshamisa mune izvi, nokuti kunyange pamberi pe2000, magadzirirwo ane turbines maviri akagadzirwa kuti ashandiswe nevanhu vakawanda (somuenzaniso, Audi A6 C5 2.7 biturbo). Kazhinji, zvirimwa zvakakura zvinopisa zvinogara maturbine maviri ehukuru hwakasiyana. Imwe yacho inotyaira injini pane yakaderera rpm, uye imwe inopa kusimudzira pakakwirira rpm kusvika rev limiter yapera.

Iyo turbocharger chinhu chikuru chekugadzira uye chakakodzera kutarisirwa. Inofambiswa nemafuta einjini uye inoda kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera. Izvi zvinobatsira kwete chete kana uchityaira nekukurumidza, uchimhanyisa kana kuwedzera simba mumotokari. Inoshanda zvikuru. Iwe unogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta (haufanire kuwedzera simba rejini kuti uwane simba rakawanda uye kushanda zvakanaka), kubvisa utsi (kunyanya madhiziri), uye kuwedzera simba panguva yakakosha (kana uchipfuura, semuenzaniso).