Chii chaunosarudza: variator kana mechanics

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kana zvasvika pakusarudza gearbox remota, mutyairi aingova nesarudzo mbiri chete: otomatiki kana makanika. Pasi rose, hapana chakashanduka panguva ino, asi izwi rekuti “otomatiki” rinogona kureva kanokwana mhando ina dzekufambisa otomatiki, izvo zvakasiyana zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Uye inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeiyi ndiyo variator kana CVT. Saka chii chinodiwa nemotokari anofarira kusarudza: musiyano kana makanika? Munyaya tichazoongorora hunhu, zvazvakanakira nekuipira uye tozvienzanisa nemumwe. Chinyorwa ichi chinokubatsira iwe kuita sarudzo kana uchisarudza mota, uye zvakare, kana iwe watotenga mota ine variator, zvirinani kuti unzwisise chimiro chemota yako yekuenderera mberi nekushanda. Izvo zvinhu zvinoitirwa kubatsira vese vanodaidzira mota uye mutyairi ane ruzivo.

Chinyorwa Chekutumira

Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwechinyorwa kutapurirana

Chinyorwa giya bhokisi chinhu chekutapurirana kwemotokari uye chakagadzirirwa kushandura torque kubva kuinjini zvese mukukura uye munzira (kumashure). Chinyorwa chinotapurirana chinoonekwa sechinyakare uye chakasarudzika nekuvimbika kwayo uye nyore.

Iyo michina yekufambisa inosanganisira:

• pekugara (crankcase);
• miseve nemagiya (pane maviri ne2 mugodhi);
• reverse giya;
• switching mashandiro;
• synchronizers;
• zvemagetsi sensors.

Muviri wakagadzirwa kubva kwakasiyana siyana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, ndeyealuminium alloy, asi zvinoitika kuti magnesium alloy inotorwa sehwaro. Iyo magnesium alloy crankcase yakareruka uye yakasimba.

Zvese zvinhu zvegearbox zviri mudzimba, kunze kwekushandura lever yakaiswa mukamuri. Iyo crankcase izere nemafuta ekufambisa, ayo anodikanwa kuchengetedza zvese zvinhu mune yakanaka mamiriro pasi pechero mutoro.

Iyo yekutanga shaft yakabatana neinjini kuburikidza neclutch, uye yechipiri shaft yakabatana necardan kana kusiyanisa uye kutyaira kwemavhiri ekufambisa emota. Iyo miseve yakabatana kune imwe neimwe ichishandisa mapaundi emagetsi.

Kana iwe ukadzvanya batira yekubatira uye uchibatanidza giya rinodikanwa, shaft yekuisa inodonhedzwa kubva muinjini uye magiya anotenderera akasununguka zvine hukama kune mumwe nemumwe. Kana mutyairi aburitsa clutch pedal, shaft yekuisa inotora torque kubva kuinjini uye yoiendesa kune inoburitsa shaft, nokudaro ichiendesa simba kumavhiri ekutyaira.

Kune iro rinotsvedzerera uye risingavhunduke giya rinoshanduka, iro giya rinoshongedzerwa nema synchronizers ayo anofanidza kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemagiya. Hupenyu hwegiya, uye, nekudaro, iro giya bhokisi rese zvaro, zvinoenderana nemhando yeiyo synchronizer nekushanda kwayo chaiko.

Iko kushanda kweyekufambisa kwekufambisa kuri pachena uye kuri nyore, izvo zvakaita kuti ive inozivikanwa uye yakavimbika mukushanda kwemotokari. Mechanics yakavapo isina kuchinjika kwenguva yakareba. Imwe nzira yakakodzera kumakanika muzvinhu zvese, kunyanya maererano nemutengo / chiyero chehunhu, haisati yaonekwa.

Zvakanakira nekuipira kwekutumira manyore

Chinyorwa chinotapurirana chine zvese zvakanakira nekuipira.

Iwo akakosha akakosha maitiro emakanika ndeaya:

1. Yakaderera mutengo uye huremu hwebhokisi tichienzanisa nemamwe magiya emagetsi.
2. Inenge isingadhuri sevhisi.
3. Kubvira kwekusingaperi kwetrailer kudhonza.
4. Dhizaini dhizaini uye kuchengetedza.
5. Kuona kushanda kwakaringana kwemotokari mumigwagwa isiri mumugwagwa uye mune yakaoma mamiriro.
6. Kubudirira kwepamusoro uye, nekudaro, hupfumi hwemafuta uye mhanyisa simba.
7. Kukweva mota kusvika chero chinhambwe.

Izvo zvipingaidzo zvemakaniki bhokisi zvinosanganisira:

1. Kunetsa kwemaneja.
2. Akapedza kudzidza giya kuchinjisa (kushoma kutyaira nyaradzo).
3. Iko kudikanwa kwekutsiviwa kwenguva nenguva kweiyo batira.

Iyo michina yakakodzera kune dzese mota. Zvakaratidza pachayo kuva chakanakisa mukushanda kwemuchina mu-off-road mamiriro, kana uchitakura zvinhu, pamwe kana uchityaira neturera.

Kana muzvimwe zviitiko makanika ari akakosha, saka pane mamiriro apo painoiswa mumotokari chete kuitira kuchengetedza mari yekutenga uye kugadzirisa. Mumota diki kana isingadhuri inofambiswa mumamiriro akareruka, otomatiki kutapurirana kana kusiyanisa kuri nani, asi, nekuda kwemutengo wavo wakakwira, ma mechanics anotungamira

Mamwe mashoko nezve kufambiswa kwemanyorerwo anogona kuwanikwa muchinyorwa chedu pane iyi link.

CVT semhando yekutengesa otomatiki

Musiyano, senge chero giya bhokisi, chishandiso chinoendesa torque kubva kuinjini kuenda kumavhiri uye inoichinja mukati meimwe miganho. Iyo yekufambisa inoitwa zvisina nhanho mukati meyakafanorongedzwa kutonga renji. MuChirungu, iyo variator inonzi CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission), iyo inogona kuturikirwa ichinzi "kufambisa neyakaenderera ichichinja giya ratio."

Musiyano mukuru uripo pakati peshanduro neyekutapurirana kwemanyorerwo, uko giya roga roga rinoenderana neyakakura giya, ingangoita shanduko isina danho muyero yegiya. Uyezve, iyo giya shanduko inoitika otomatiki, ndiko kuti, hapana chikonzero chekuramba uchichinja magiya nemaoko ako uye shandisa batira.

Iyo isina nhanho variator inobvumira kumeso kumhanyisa pasina jerking. Mota inomhanyisa kupfuura makanika. Injini yekumhanyisa haina kusiana, asi inogara iri yenguva dzose.

Zvichienderana nezvinhu zvinoitika, pane matatu makuru mhando dzemusiyano:

• V-bhandi, hwaro hwayo bhanhire rakatambanudzwa pakati pemapuru maviri;
• cheni - imwechete V-bhandi, asi cheni inoita basa rebhandi;
• toroidal, inosanganisira discs uye rollers.

Basa remusiyano ndere kuona kushanda kwakanaka kweinjini nekuramba uchichinja torque. Ichi chimiro chinotara mabhenefiti akakosha eiyo variator, ayo anosanganisira:

1. Kunonyanyisa kushandiswa kwesimba reinjini.
2. Mari yekushandisa mafuta.
3. Inoenderera isina nhanho kumhanyisa.

Smooth kufamba uye kushomeka kwejerks zvinobvumira mutyairi kunakidzwa nekukwirwa, kunyanya mumaguta mamiriro.

Musiyano hauna kusagadzikana, izvo zvinosanganisira:

1. Zvakaoma kuisa pamota dzine simba.
2. Mitoro yepamusoro kana uchityaira-munzira.
3. Haikodzeri kukweva, kugara uchimhanya pakumhanya kwakanyanya uye kufamba nekukurumidza kumhanyisa.
4. Mhando dzakasiyana dze sensors dzinoshandiswa kushandisa iyo variator. Kusavapo kwechiratidzo kubva kune chero sensor kunogona kutungamira mukusarongeka kushanda kwekutapurirana.
5. Hupenyu hwakaderera hwebhandi uye chinowanzo chinzwa chinodhura hunyanzvi hydraulic fluid.
6. Inodhura uye kazhinji haigone kugadzirisa. Dzimwe nguva zviri nyore kutsiva variator pane kuigadzirisa.

Mamwe mashoko nezve iyo variator (CVT) inogona kuwanikwa mune yedu chinyorwa kuiyi chinongedzo.

Dzokorora

Nguva haina kumira. Vagadziri veCVT vari kuita zvese zvinogoneka kuti vabudirire kugadzirisa, kuwedzera kuvimbika uye kugona kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emugwagwa. Iyo variator iri rakavimbika rinotenderera giya bhokisi, uye ma mechanics ndiro giya bhokisi iro rinogara richishandiswa, kunyangwe paine zvimwe zvinokanganisa kana uchityaira.