Test drive Citroën SM uye Maserati Merak: hama dzakasiyana
Mota mbiri kubva panguva iyo mota dzemhando yepamusoro dzaive dzakasarudzika
Citroën SM naMaserati Merak vanogovana moyo mumwechete - inoyevedza V6 injini yakagadzirwa naGiulio Alfieri ine isina kujairika 90-degree kubhengi kona. Kuti uibatanidze pamberi peakisi yekumashure mumuenzaniso weItaly, inotenderedzwa 180 degrees. Uye handiko chete kupenga...
Chinoitika chinozivikanwa pakati pehama kuti dangwe rinofanira kurwira rusununguko rwaro, uye kana rangorugamuchira, vamwe vose vanogona kufarikanya ropafadzo dzavanenge vatowana. Nekune rimwe divi, zvidzidzo zvine mavara akasiyana kwazvo anogona kukura kubva kune mamwe majini - anopandukira kana ane mwero, akadzikama kana ane hutsinye, emitambo kana kusatombo.
Ko mota dzinei nazvo? Panyaya yeMaserati Merak neCitroën SM, fananidzo inosanganisira, pamusoro pezvose, chokwadi chekuti vese vari venguva iyo vateveri vechokwadi vechiratidzo cheItari vangangoda kutaura nezvazvo. Muna 1968, muridzi weMaserati ane makore-makumi mana, Adolfo Orsi akatengesa danda rake muCitroën (Maserati's 1967 partner), achipa zvikamu zve75 muzana zvekambani yeItari kune French automaker. Izvi zvakaratidza kutanga kwenguva pfupi asi isina kugadzikana munhoroondo yemotokari, inoratidzirwa nezvinangwa zvekuda kutanga uyezve nematambudziko nekutengesa kwemitambo yemitambo semhedzisiro yedambudziko remafuta.
Muna 1968, hapana chakafanofananidzira chiitiko chakadai, saka Citroën aishuvira zvikuru nezveramangwana rekambani yeItaly. Neraki, tarenda reMaserati dhizaina Giulio Alfieri achiri munzvimbo yakanaka kukambani nyowani uye ane basa rekugadzira injini nyowani yeV-90, kusanganisira yemamwe mamodheru eCitroën emangwana. Parizvino, zvakanaka. Zvinoenderana nenyaya, Alfieri akashamisika paakaverenga iyo task, iyo yairatidza kona pakati pemitsara ... XNUMX degrees.
Icho chikonzero chekudikanwa kwekona isina kukodzera zvakadaro maererano nebhalansi paunenge uchimhanya iyo V6 imo nekuti injini yaifanirwa kukwana pasi pemitsara yakakomberedzwa yekavha yekumberi yeSM. Chief Dhizaini Robert Opron akagadzira iyo avant-garde Citroën SM ine yakaderera kumberi kumagumo, saka muyero wepakati-renji V6 ine 60-degree mutsara mutsara haukwane muhurefu. PaCitroen, zvakajairika kugadzira tekinoroji muzita re fomu.
Bvisa V6 Alfieri semoyo wakajairika
Nekudaro, Giulio Alfieri akagamuchira chinetso. Yakagadziridzwa 2,7-litre mwenje chiwanikwa chihuremu chinorema makirogiramu zana nemakumi mana, iyo, nekuda kweyakaomesesa misoro yevhavha yevhavha, inopa 140 hp. Ichokwadi, ichi hachisi chiitiko chinonakidza zvakadaro, asi munhu haafanire kukanganwa chokwadi chekuti simba riri kutaurwa rinowanikwa pa170 rpm. Injini inogona kumhanyisa kusvika ku5500 rpm, asi kubva pakuona kwemaitiro, izvi hazvidi hazvo. Injini inonzwika inozivikanwa sebasa remunyori Alfieri, asi ine yayo chaiyo. Ruzha rwematunhu matatu rwakanyatsonzwikwa, maviri acho anotyaira camshafts. Yechitatu, asi yekutanga yekutanga maererano nekuteedzana kwekutyaira, inoita basa rekutenderedza shaft yepakati, iyo, zvakare, inotyaira pombi yemvura, iyo alternator, pombi yekumanikidza yepamusoro yeiyo hydraulic system uye yekugadzirisa mweya compressor, pamwe nemagiya nemaketani maviri ataurwa. mukuita huwandu hwemakamshafti mana. Iyi dunhu inoremerwa zvakanyanya uye inowanzo kuve honzeri yematambudziko kune isina kugadziriswa mota. Pakazara, zvisinei, iyo V6500 nyowani yakaratidza kuve mota yakatendeka.
Zvimwe ndosaka mainjiniya eMaserati achikwanisa kuwana zvakawanda kubva mazviri. Vanowedzera humburumbira dhayamita ne 4,6 millimeters, izvo zvinowedzera kutama kusvika kumarita matatu. Nokudaro, simba rinowedzerwa ne 20 hp uye torque ne 25 Nm, mushure mezvo chikwata chinotenderera 180 madhigirii pamwe chete neaxis yakamira uye inoiswa mumutumbi weBora zvishoma, uyo wakatanga muna 1972. Izvi ndizvo zvakabva zvaita mota. inonzi Merak uye mumhando yemhando yemitambo yakapihwa basa reiyo base modhi nemutengo (muGermany) pazasi pe50 brands. Kuenzanisa, Bora ine V000 injini ndeye 8 mamakisi anodhura. Iine 20 hp. uye 000 Nm torque, iyo Merak inoramba inokudzwa chinhambwe kubva kuBora, iyo inorema 190 kg chete asi ine 255 hp injini. Nokudaro, Merak ane dambudziko rakaoma - kugadzirisa pakati pehama dzake mbiri. Imwe yacho iCitroën SM, iyo vamwe vaanoshanda navo veAuto Motor und Sport vakadaidza kuti "silver bullet" uye "yakanyanya" nekuti kutyaira kwayo hakuna kuderera kune iyo nyaradzo. Mercedes 50. Imwe yacho ndiyo Maserati Bora iri mubvunzo, yakazara-yakazara mitambo yemuenzaniso ine guru-displacement V310 injini. Kusiyana neBora, Merak ine zvigaro zviviri zvekuwedzera, kunyangwe zvidiki, zvigaro zvekumashure, pamwe nemafuremu asina kupenya anobatanidza denga nekumashure kwemota. Vanotaridzika senge inoyevedza muviri mhinduro kana ichienzaniswa neyakavharirwa injini bay yeinjini yavo yakakura.
De Tomaso anodzima maTitroën
Zvakaoma kuti Merak awane vatengi - izvi zvinopupurirwa nokuti kusati kwapera kugadzirwa muna 1830, motokari dze1985 chete dzakatengeswa. Mushure me1975, Maserati yakava nzvimbo yekambani yeItaly yenyika GEPI uye, kunyanya, Alessandro de Tomaso, iyo yekupedzisira yakava muridzi wayo. CEO, modhi yacho inopfuura mamwe maviri matanho ekushanduka kwayo. Muchirimo cha1975, shanduro yeSS yakaonekwa ine 220 hp injini. uye - semugumisiro wekuiswa kwemutero pamotokari dzepamusoro muItaly muna 1976 - 170 hp version. uye kuderedzwa kwakaderedzwa kunonzi Merak 2000 GT. Magiya eCitroën SM anogadzirira vamwe nzira, uye iyo yepamusoro-pressure brake system yakatsiviwa neyakajairwa hydraulic imwe. Kubva 1980 Merak yakagadzirwa isina zvikamu zveCitroen. Nekudaro, izvo zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi zvekambani yeFrance zvinoita kuti Merak inakidze chaizvo. Semuyenzaniso, yakataurwa high pressure brake system (190 bar) inopa yakanyatsoita maitiro ekumisa nekuita mwenje unodzoreka. Aya maficha anosanganisirwa nekuzviitira uye akananga nzira mufambiro - mhando iyo chete mota ine injini yepakati inogona kupa. Kunyangwe pa3000 rpm, iyo V6 inopa simba rakawanda uye inoramba ichichengetedza traction yakasimba kusvika ku6000 rpm.
Paunopinda muCitroën SM uye wotarisa zviridzwa zvinenge zvakafanana uye dashibhodhi, kusanganisira iyo yepakati console, pane inenge deja vu. Nekudaro, kutendeuka kwekutanga chaiko kunopedza iyo yakafanana denominator mumotokari mbiri. Iri muSM umo Citroën inoburitsa kugona kwayo tekinoroji kune yayo yakazara kugona. Iyo hydropneumatic system ine yakasarudzika yekukatyamadza kugona inova nechokwadi chekuti muviri, une vhiribhesi reanoda kusvika mamita matatu, unokunguruka pamusoro pemapundu nekunyaradza kunoshamisa. Inowedzerwa kune iyi isingaenzaniswi DIVARI dhiraivha ine yakawedzera chidhiraivho kudzoka pakati uye yakamanikana kumashure track ye200 mm, iyo, mushure meimwe kujaira, inopa kuzorora uye nyore kufambisa. Yakanakira kufamba daro refu, iyo SM imotokari yeavant-garde inoita kuti vafambi vayo vanzwe vakakosha uye iri makore pamberi penguva yayo. Iyo isingawanzo Maserati inonakidza yemitambo mota yaunonyatso kukanganwira kune diki kusiiwa.
mhedziso
Iyo Citroën SM neMasarati Merak imotokari kubva panguva iyo kugadzira mota kuchiri kuitika. Apo kwete chete zvakasimba kudzora vane mari, asiwo vavaki nevagadziri vaiva neshoko rakasimba mukutsanangura miganhu. Nenzira iyi chete mota dzinonakidza dzakadai sehama mbiri kubva kuma70s dzakazvarwa.
Chinyorwa: Kai Klauder
Mufananidzo: Hardy Muchler
