Exoskeleton dhizaini

Ona mhando nomwe dze exoskeletons dzinotitungamira mune ramangwana.

Hal

Cyberdyne's HAL (pfupi yeHybrid Assistive Limb) yakagadzirwa sehurongwa hwakakwana, kungotaura zvishoma. Robotic zvinhu zvinofanirwa kupindirana zvizere uye kuwiriranisa nepfungwa dzemushandisi.

Munhu anofamba ari exoskeleton haazodi kupa mirairo kana kushandisa chero control panel.

HAL inogadzirisa kuzviratidzo zvinopfuudzwa neuropi kumuviri, uye inotanga kufamba pamwe chete nayo pachayo.

Chiratidzo chinotorwa nemasensor ari pamamhasuru makuru.

Mwoyo waHal, wakaiswa mubhokisi diki kumusana, achashandisa akavakirwa-mukati ma processor kuti atore uye kuendesa ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa kubva mumuviri.

Kumhanyisa data kunokosha zvakanyanya mune iyi kesi. Vagadziri vanovimbisa kuti kunonoka kuchave kusingaonekwe zvachose.

Uyezve, iyo sisitimu inozokwanisa kutumira mafungiro kumashure kuuropi, izvo zvinotungamira kune kusanyatso ziva kuti mafambiro edu ese anozoratidzwa nemaitiro eskeleton.

• Mugadziri akagadzira akati wandei akasiyana eHAL:

  yekushandiswa kwekurapa - nekuda kwekuwedzera mabhandi uye zvitsigiro, chimiro chichakwanisa kuzvimiririra kutsigira vanhu vane gumbo paresis;

• kushandiswa kwega - muenzaniso wakagadzirirwa kutsigira kufamba kwetsoka, kutarisa zvakanyanya pakuvandudza mafambiro evakwegura kana vanhu vari kugadziriswa;
• yekushandiswa nenhengo imwe - compact HAL, iyo inorema 1,5 kg chete, haina static attachments, uye chinangwa chayo ndechekuvandudza kushanda kwegumbo rakasarudzwa; makumbo ose nemaoko;
• yekudzikinura dunhu rechiuno - sarudzo yakagadzirirwa kutsigira mamhasuru ari ipapo, iyo yekutanga ichakubvumidza iwe kukotama uye kusimudza masimbi. Pachavawo neshanduro dzemabasa akakosha.

  Makiti akagadziridzwa zvakanaka anogona kushandiswa mukushanda nesimba, pamwe nemutemo kana masevhisi ekukurumidzira, kuitira kuti nhengo yebrigade inogona, semuenzaniso, kusimudza chidimbu chemadziro echivako chakadonha.

  Zvakakodzera kuwedzera kuti imwe yemhando yepamusoro egzoszkieletu Cyberdyne, iyo HAL-5 Type-B modhi, yakava yekutanga exoskeleton kugamuchira chitupa chekuchengetedzwa kwepasirese.

[JAPANESE IRON MAN] Cyberdyne HAL robhoti chipfeko

Dzokorora kufamba

Iyo US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakabvumidza rudzi rwekutanga kutengeswa muUS gore rapfuura. exoskeletons kuvanhu vakaoma mitezo.

Inozivikanwa seReWalk System, vanhu vakarasikirwa nekwanisi yekushandisa makumbo avo vachakwanisa kumira nekufamba zvakare.

ReWalk yakave nemukurumbira apo Claire Lomas akafamba vhezheni yake yekutanga yeLondon Marathon nzira.

Sechikamu chebvunzo, murume Robert Wu achangobva kuoma mitezo kubva muchiuno zvichidzika. egzoszkielet ReWalk uye nemadondoro aigona kubatana nevanopfuura mumigwagwa yeManhattan.

Architect Wu akatoyedza shanduro dzakapfuura dzeReWalk Personal uye akakurudzira shanduko dzakasiyana siyana kuti zvive nyore uye nekunyaradza kwekushandisa.

Iye zvino ne exoticReWalk inoshandiswa nevanhu gumi nevaviri pasi rese, asi basa rekupedzisira purojekiti richiri kuenderera mberi.

Wu anorumbidza ReWalk Personal 6.0 kwete chete nekushanda kwayo uye nyore, asiwo nekusimuka uye kumhanya mukati memaminitsi asingasviki gumi. Iko kushanda pachayo, kunodzorwa newrist controller, zvakare iri nyore kwazvo.

Kambani yeIsrael Argo Medical Technologies, inotarisira kusikwa kweReWalk, yakagamuchira mvumo yekutengesa uye kugovera kune vanachiremba nevarwere. Chipingamupinyi, zvisinei, mutengo - ReWalk parizvino inodhura 65k. madhora.

ReWalk – Endazve: Argo Exoskeleton Technology

FORTIS

Iyo FORTIS exoskeleton inogona kusimudza kupfuura 16kg. Parizvino iri kuvandudzwa naLockheed Martin. Muna 2014, kunetseka kwakatanga kuyedza yazvino vhezheni kumafekitori eAmerica.

Vakatanga kupinda vaiva vashandi vefekitari yeC-130 inotakura ndege muMarietta, Georgia.

Kutenda kune FORTIS yekubatanidza system, unogona kutamisa huremu kubva mumaoko ako kuenda pasi. Mushandi ari kuishandisa haana kuneta sepakutanga uye haafanire kutora zororo kakawanda sepakutanga.

exoskeleton yakashongedzerwa neyakakosha counterweight iri kuseri kwemushandisi, iyo inobvumidza iwe kuchengetedza chiyero kana uchitakura mutoro.

Zvinotevera kuti haadi simba uye mabhatiri, izvo zvinokoshawo. Gore rapfuura, Lockheed Martin akagamuchira odha yekuunzwa kwemayuniti maviri. Mutengi ndiye National Center for Industrial Sayenzi, achimiririra US Navy.

Miedzo iyi ichaitwa sechikamu cheCommercial Technologies for Maintenance program, kuUS Navy test Centers, pamwe nekunanga kunzvimbo dzavo dzekupedzisira dzekushandisa - muzviteshi zvezvikepe uye nezvigadziko.

Chinangwa chepurojekiti ndechekuongorora kukodzera exoskeleton yekushandiswa neveUS Navy technician nevatengi vanoshanda zuva nezuva nemidziyo inorema uye inowanzozara kana avo vanomanikidzwa zvakanyanya panguva yekutakura zvinhu zvemauto nemidziyo.

Lockheed Martin "Fortis" exoskeleton mukuita

Loader

Panasonic's Power Loader, Activelink, inodana "simba robhoti."

Anoratidzika sevakawanda exoskeleton prototypes inoratidzwa pamitambo yekutengeserana uye mamwe maratidziro ehunyanzvi.

Zvisinei, zvakasiyana kubva kwavari, kunyanya, chokwadi chokuti zvichakurumidza kuitika kuzvitenga zvakajairika uye nokuda kwehuwandu husina kuparadza.

Power Loader inowedzera simba remhasuru dzevanhu ne22 actuators. Mafungiro anotyaira actuator anofambiswa kana mushandisi ashandisa simba.

Sensors akaiswa mumarevheti anokubvumira kuti usarudze kwete chete kumanikidza, asiwo vector yesimba rinoshandiswa, nekuda kweiyo muchina "unoziva" munzira ipi yekuita.

Imwe shanduro ikozvino iri kuedzwa iyo inokubvumira kusimudza zvakasununguka 50-60 kg. Zvirongwa izvi zvinosanganisira Power Loader ine mutoro we100 kg. Vagadziri vanosimbisa kuti chigadzirwa hachina kunyanya kuiswa sezvachinokodzera. Pamwe ndosaka vasingazviti vega exoskeleton.

Exoskeleton robhoti ine simba rekusimudzira Simba Loader #DigInfo

Walker

Nemari inobva kuEuropean Union, boka repasi rose revasayendisiti rakavaka mudziyo unodzora pfungwa mumakore matatu ebasa unobvumira vakaoma mitezo kufamba-famba.

Mudziyo uyu, unonzi MindWalker, waiva mumwe wekutanga kushandiswa nemurwere Antonio Melillo, ane musana wake wakabvaruka mutsaona yemotokari, paSanta Lucia Hospital muRome.

Munhu akarohwa akarasa kunzwa mumakumbo. Mushandisi exoskeleton anopfeka kepisi ine maelectrode gumi nematanhatu anorekodha zviratidzo zvehuropi.

Iyo pasuru inosanganisirawo magirazi ane inopenya LEDs. Girazi rega rega rine seti ye LED inopenya pamitengo yakasiyana.

Blink rate inokanganisa kuona kwemushandisi. Occipital cortex yeuropi inoongorora zviratidzo zvinobuda. Kana murwere akatarisa kuruboshwe seti ye LEDs, exoskeleton zvichaiswa mukufamba. Kuisa pfungwa parudyi seti kunonotsa mudziyo.

Iyo exoskeleton isina mabhatiri inorema anenge 30 kg, saka kune rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa chakanyanya kujeka. MindWalker inochengeta munhu mukuru anorema kusvika ku100 kg patsoka dzake. Miedzo yemakiriniki yemidziyo yakatanga muna 2013. Zvakarongwa kuti MindWalker ichagadziridzwa mumakore mashoma anotevera.

KUTI IZVI

Inofanira kuva tsigiro yakazara yemusoja ari munhandare yehondo. Iro zita rakazara ndiHuman Universal Load Carrier, uye chidimbu HULC chakabatana nebhuku rekomiki rakasimba. Yakatanga kuratidzwa paDSEi kuratidzwa muLondon muna 2009.

Iyo ine hydraulic cylinders uye komputa yakachengetedzwa kubva kunharaunda uye haidi kuwedzera kutonhora.

Iyo exoskeleton inobvumira kutakura 90 kg yemidziyo pamwero we4 km / h. kureba kusvika 20 km, uye mukumhanya kusvika 7 km / h.

Iyo yakaratidzwa prototype yairema 24 kg. Muna 2011, kushanda kwemidziyo iyi kwakaedzwa, uye gore rakatevera yakaedzwa muAfghanistan.

Chinhu chikuru chechimiro chetitanium makumbo anotsigira basa remamhasuru nemapfupa, achipeta simba rawo. Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemasensa exoskeleton anogona kuita mafambiro akafanana nemunhu. Kuti utakure zvinhu, unogona kushandisa iyo LAD (Lift Assist Device) module, iyo yakanamatira kumashure kwefuremu, uye kune mawedzero ane magumo anochinjika pamusoro pemarevheti.

Iyi module inokubvumira kusimudza zvinhu kusvika 70 kg. Inogona kushandiswa nemasoja kubva 1,63 kusvika 1,88 m kureba, nepo isina huremu iri 37,2 kg ine matanhatu BB 2590 mabhatiri, ayo anokwana maawa 4,5-5 ekushanda (mukati meradius ye20 km) - zvisinei, zvinotarisirwa. ivo vanotsiviwa neProtonex masero emafuta ane hupenyu hwebasa hunosvika maawa makumi manomwe nemaviri.

HULC inowanikwa mumhando nhatu: kurwisa (yekuwedzera ballistic shield inorema 43 kg), logistic (payload 70 kg) uye basic (patrol).

Exoskeleton Lockheed Martin HULC

STALLS

Muchikamu chekuiswa kwemauto, iyi inhanho yekumberi kana ichienzaniswa neHULC.

Mwedzi mishomanana yapfuura, mauto eUnited States akadana masayendisiti kubva mumarabhoritari ekutsvakurudza, indasitiri yezvokudzivirira, uye masangano ehurumende kuti ashandire midziyo yemurwi weramangwana yaizomupa kwete chete simba rinopfuura revanhu rinopiwa nevakatogadzirwa. exoskeletonsasiwo kugona kuona, kuziva uye kumbundira pamwero usina kumboitika.

Iyi hurongwa hutsva hwemauto inowanzonzi "Iron Man's Clothes". TALOS (Tactical Assault Light Operator Suit) inoshandisa tekinoroji yepamusoro. Masensa akavakirwa musutu anotarisisa zvakatipoteredza uye musoja pachake.

Iyo hydraulic frame inofanirwa kupa simba, uye surveillance system yakafanana neGoogle Glass inofanirwa kupa kutaurirana nehungwaru kwezana ramakore reXNUMX. Zvose izvi zvinofanira kubatanidzwa nechizvarwa chitsva chezvombo.

Uye zvakare, nhumbi dzezvombo dzinofanirwa kupa dziviriro munzvimbo dzine njodzi, dzidzivirire pamabara, kutanga kubva papfuti dzemuchina (kunyangwe dzakareruka) - zvese zvine nhumbi dzokurwa dzakagadzirwa ne "mvura" yakakosha zvinhu izvo zvinofanirwa kuomesa ipapo kana pakaitika kukanganisa. magnetic field kana yemagetsi ikozvino kuti ipe kudzivirirwa kwakanyanya kubva kune projectiles.

Mauto pachawo anotarisira kuti dhizaini yakadaro ichaonekwa semugumisiro wekutsvaga kuri kuitwa kuMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), uko sutu yejira yakagadziridzwa inoshanduka kubva kumvura kuenda kune yakasimba pasi pesimba remagineti.

Yekutanga prototype, inova modhi inotaridza yeramangwana TALOS, yakaratidzwa pane chimwe chezviitiko zvekuratidzira muUnited States muna Chivabvu 2014. Iyo chaiyo uye yakawedzera kuzara prototype inofanira kuvakwa muna 2016-2018.