Kuwedzera motokari dzemagetsi
Zviri mukati
Motokari dzemagetsi dzinowanzodhura kudarika motokari dzepeturu nedhiziri. Nekudaro, kune avo vanotyaira ega makiromita mumotokari yekambani, zvakapesana ndezvechokwadi. Chikonzero: kunonoka kuwedzera mwero. Kuwedzera uku kunoverengwa sei chaizvo? Zvinhu zvakamira sei? Ramangwana riri pedyo rinenge rakaita sei? Muchinyorwa chino, tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve yemagetsi mota yekuwedzera.
Kuwedzera kunoshanda sei?
Kutanga, kuwedzera kunoshanda sei chaizvo? Iyo yekuwedzera inouya mukutamba kana iwe uchityaira anopfuura 500 km pagore uri wega mumotokari yekambani. Vakuru vemitero vanoona izvi semihoro. Saka iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara mutero pane izvi. Nokudaro, imwe chiyero chekukosha kwemotokari inofanira kuwedzerwa kune mari: kuwedzera.
Kuti uone kubhadharwa, chikamu chemutero webhesi kana mutengo werondedzero inotorwa. Kune ese fossil mafuta emota, iyo yekuwedzera parizvino iri 22%. Izvi zvinoshandawo kumahybrids, ma plug-in mahybrids nemota dzemagetsi dzine range extender. MuGore rechipiri, mwero wakaderedzwa we2% unongoshanda kumotokari dzisingabudise CO2021 zvachose. Pamusoro pemotokari dzemagetsi, izvi zvinosanganisirawo hydrogen-powered mota. Chiyero ichi chinoshanda kwemakore mashanu mushure mekubvumidzwa kwekutanga (pazuva iro mota "yakanyoreswa"). Mushure maizvozvi, mitemo inoshanda panguva iyoyo ichashanda.
Iko kukosha kwemutero kunosanganisira VAT uye BPM. Fekitari yakaiswa zvishongedzo zvakare kuverenga, asi mutengesi akaiswa zvishongedzo hazviite. Kugadzirisa uye mari yekunyoresa hainawo kubatanidzwa. Nokudaro, mari yemari iri pasi pemutengo wekutengesa unokurudzirwa.
Kune mota dzemagetsi dzakanyoreswa muna 2020, mubhadharo wakaderedzwa unosvika zviuru makumi mana zvemadhora unoshanda. Iyo yakajairika mwero we40.000% ichabhadhariswa pachikamu cheiyo catalog kukosha inodarika iyi mari. Kana mota ichikosha 22 55.000 euros, 12% inoreva yekutanga 40.000 euros uye 22% kune yasara 15.000 XNUMX euros. Tichapa muenzaniso wakadzama wekuverenga gare gare mune ino chinyorwa kujekesa izvi.
Iwe unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezve leasing in general mune chinyorwa chekurenda mota yemagetsi.
Kusvikira 2021
Mitemo yekuwedzera inoshanduka nguva dzose. Paive neiyo diki markup yakabhadhariswa kunyoresa muna 2020 yemotokari dzemagetsi, iyo 8%. Iyi yekuwedzera kufarira inoshandawo kusvika ku45.000 euros 40.000 panzvimbo ye60 euros. Kuti uwane mabhenefiti eiyo yakaderera markup, vatyairi vebhizinesi vakatenga maEVs en masse kupera kwegore rapfuura kana, hongu, vakapinda mubhizinesi rekurenda kuti vaite kudaro. Kune avo vakatenga mota gore rapfuura, chiyero chazvino chicharamba chichishanda kwemwedzi XNUMX, zvisinei nekuchinja kwechiyero.
Muna 2010, hurumende yakaunza imwe bhenefiti yedziro-emission mota kekutanga. Kuwedzera kwemotokari dzemagetsi kwaive kuchiri 0% ipapo. Muna 2014, nhamba iyi yakawedzerwa kusvika 4%. Izvi zvakaenderera kusvika 2019. Muna 2020, yakawedzera kusvika 8%. Muna 2021, nhamba iyi yakawedzera zvakare kusvika 12%.
On xnumx
Kuwedzera kubva pa4% kusvika pa8% uyezve kusvika pa12% chikamu chekuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma sekushevedzwa kwechibvumirano cheClimate Agreement. Mota dzemagetsi dzichakura ne2026% muna 22. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, iyo yekuwedzera ichawedzera zvishoma nguva imwe neimwe (ona tafura). Kuwedzerwa kwakawedzerwa zvishoma gore rino uye kuchaitika zvakare gore rinouya. Mushure meizvozvo, iyo premium pamotokari dzemagetsi icharamba iri pa16% kwemakore matatu. Muna 2025, mari yekuwedzera ichawedzerwa zvakare ne1% mubhadharo usati wanyangarika muna 2026.
Iko kukosha kwekatalogi gore rino kwakaderedzwa kubva pa45.000 € 40.000 kusvika 2025 € 2026. Iyi catalog kukosha ichashandiswa kusvika uye kusanganisira gore XNUMX. Kubva XNUMX zvichienda mberi, mwero wakaderedzwa hauchazovepo uye saka chikumbaridzo hachichashande.
Mhedziso yakazara inogona kuonekwa mutafura iri pasi apa. 2019 yakaverengerwawo kuenzanisa. Izvi zvirongwa sezvazviri, asi zvinogona kuchinja. Chibvumirano cheClimate chinotaura kuti mimwe mitemo inoongororwa gore negore uye inogadziriswa sezvinodiwa.
| gore | Kuwedzera | Threshold value |
| 2019 | 4% | €50.000 |
| 2020 | 8% | €45.000 |
| 2021 | 12% | €40.000 |
| 2022 | 16% | €40.000 |
| 2023 | 16% | €40.000 |
| 2024 | 16% | €40.000 |
| 2025 | 17% | €40.000 |
| 2026 | 22% | - |
Kuwedzera (plug-in) mahybrids
Zvakadini nema plug-in mahybrids? Sezvambotaurwa, havachakwanisa kuvimba nekuwedzera mabhenefiti. Chiyero chakajairika che22% chinoshanda kune rudzi urwu rwemotokari. Kare, mahybrids aive achiri nepamusoro. Mamiriro ezvinhu aive ekuti CO2 emissions inofanira kunge iri pasi pemakumi mashanu magiramu pakiromita. Semuenzaniso, Porsche 50 Spyder yakanga ine CO918 emissions ye 2 gramu / km, saka PHEV yakadonha kubva muchikepe nekuda kwekuderera kwekushandisa. Epakati-saizi maPHEV ane ine mwero injini yekupisa zvakanaka.
Chiyero chakaderedzwa che2014% chakanyorerwa mota idzi muna 2015 na7. Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwechiyero ichi, Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV yave yakakurumbira. Muna 2014, kuwedzera kwaive kunyange 0%, saka hapana mutsauko wakaitwa pakati pemotokari dzemagetsi nemahybrids kana mota yaive ne CO50 emissions isingasviki 2 gramu.
1: Hyundai Kona Electric
Kuwedzera 2020
Kuti uwane pfungwa yemutengo, ngativerengei yekuwedzera yemota mbiri. Kutanga, ngatitorei yakakurumbira mota yekurenda pasi pe € 45.000: iyo Hyundai Kona. Iyi modhi inowanikwawo neinjini yepeturu uye hybrid, asi isu tiri kutaura nezve ese-magetsi sarudzo izvozvi. Iyo 64 kWh Comfort vhezheni ine mutengo wekatalogi we € 40.715 XNUMX.
Sezvo mari iyi iri pasi pechikumbaridzo che € 45.000, mari yakaderedzwa ye 8% inoshandiswa kune iyo yose. Izvi zvinokwana € 3.257,20 gross pagore kana € 271,43 pamwedzi. Iyi imari yekuwedzera iyo mutero unofanirwa kubhadharwa.
Huwandu hwemutero hunoenderana nechikamu chemutero. Mumuenzaniso uyu, tinofungidzira kuti muhoro wepagore uri pasi pe68.507 € 37,35. Mutero unoshandiswa pari zvino kuboka iri 271,43%. Nekuwedzera kwakakura kwe € 101,38, iwe unozopedzisira wabhadhara € XNUMX pamwedzi.
| Catalog value | €40.715 |
| Chikamu chekuwedzera | 8% |
| Gross additive | €271,43 |
| Mutero | 37,35% |
| Kuwedzera kwakachena | €101,38 |
Kuwedzera 2019
Gore rakapera, kuwedzera kukuru kweEVs panguva ino yemitengo yakanga ichiri hafu, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe4%. V net kuwedzera, zvisinei, yakanga isiri hafu chaiyo, nokuti mutero wemutero wemari kubva 20.711 68.507 kusvika 2019 51,71 euros yakanga yakakwirira zvishoma panguva iyoyo. Neiyi data, kuverenga kunopa mambure kuwana mugore reXNUMX remadhora eXNUMX pamwedzi.
Kuwedzera 2021
Gore rinouya chikamu chichawedzera kusvika ku12%. Mutero wemutero unoshandukawo, kunyange zvazvo musiyano wacho uri muduku. Imwe inokosha yemotokari iyi: kukosha kwechikumbaridzo kunoderedzwa kubva ku45.000 40.000 kusvika ku40.715 715 euros. Iko kukosha kwekatalogi ye22 2021 euros yakakwira zvishoma pane iyi. Ndokusaka iyo yakazara yekuwedzera ye153,26% inofanirwa kubhadharwa yekupedzisira € XNUMX. Kubhadharisa kwepamwedzi ndeye € XNUMX mugore rechiXNUMX nemota imwe chete uye mari yakafanana.
Zvinonakidzawo kuziva kuti pasina imwe bhenefiti - pamwero we22% - mambure ekuwedzera angave 278,80 euros, zvichienderana nemitengo yezvino yemutero. Kuwedzerwa kwekutyaira kwemagetsi kuchave padanho iri muna 2026. Parizvino, zvakadaro, mota dzemagetsi dzichavawo dzakachipa.
Magetsi vs. peturu
Sezvo Kona ichiwanikwawo mupeturu, zvinofadza kuwedzera iyi yekuwedzera kune iyi musiyano. Nehurombo, kuenzanisa kwakaringana hakugoneki nekuti iyo peturu ine simba zvakanyanya ichine simba shoma pane yemagetsi. Iyo 1.6 T-GDI ine 177 hp uye Electric 64 kWh ine 204. Pamutengo unodhura we1.6 T-GDI, unobhadhara mambure ekuwedzera kwe194,83 euros pamwedzi. Kunyangwe nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera, iyo yakanyanya simba Magetsi ichiri yakachipa zvakanyanya.
| Kona Magetsi 64 kWh | 2019 | 4% | €51,71 |
| 2020 | 8% | €101,38 | |
| 2021 | 12% | €153,26 | |
| 22% | €278,80 | ||
| Corner 1.6 T-GDI | 22% | €194,83 |
Muenzaniso 2: Tesla Model 3
Kuwedzera 2020
Iyo Tesla Model 3 yaive nhamba yekutanga gore rapfuura payakasvika kune dzinonyanya kufarirwa mota dzekurojesa. Kusiyana neKona, iyo catalog mutengo wemotokari iyi inodarika chikumbaridzo che45.000 euros. Iyo yakachipa shanduro ndeye Standard Range Plus. Mutengo wayo wekhathalogi ndeye € 48.980 XNUMX. Izvi zvinokanganisa kuverenga zvishoma.
Chiyero che45.000% chinoshanda kune yekutanga € 8. Izvi zvinoenderana nekuwedzera kwakakura kwe € 300 pamwedzi. Iyo yasara € 3.980 iri pasi peyero yakazara ye22%. Izvi zvinosvika 72,97 euros pamwedzi. Saka, kukosha kwese kwakawedzerwa i € 372,97.
Pamotokari iyi, tinofungidzira kuti mari inodarika 68.507 49,50 euros uye mutero unoenderana ne184,62%. Izvi zvinokupa iwe kuwedzera kwese kwe € 335,39 pamwedzi. Nekuenzanisa: pasina iyo yakawedzerwa bhenefiti, iyo mambure yekuwedzera ingadai iri € XNUMX.
| Total katarogu kukosha | €48.980 |
| Catalog value kusvika pachikumbaridzo | €45.000 |
| Chikamu chekuwedzera | 8% |
| Kuwedzera | €300 |
| Kusara catalog value | €3.980 |
| Chikamu chekuwedzera | 22% |
| Kuwedzera | €72,97 |
| Total gross kuwedzera | €372,97 |
| Mutero | 49,50% |
| Kuwedzera kwakachena | €184,62 |
Kuwedzera 2019 uye 2021
Avo vakatenga Model 3 gore rakapera vanogona kuwana kuwedzera kwe4% mumotokari dzemagetsi. Chii chaivewo mutsauko wakakosha weiyi vhezheni: ipapo chikumbaridzo chaive chichiri 50.000 € 4. Saka, iyi 68.507% inoreva huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu. Mutero wemutero pamuhoro uri pamusoro pe84,49 279,68 euros wakanga uchiri pamusoro zvishoma. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwemambure kwe € 12 pamwedzi. Gore rinouya, iyo yekutanga ichave € XNUMX pamwedzi nekuwedzera kusvika XNUMX%.
| Tesla Model 3 Standard Range Plus | 2019 | 4% | €84,49 |
| 2020 | 8% | €184,62 | |
| 2021 | 12% | €279,68 | |
| 22% | € 444.49 | ||
| Bmw 330i | 22% | €472,18 |
Magetsi vs. peturu
Imarii inofanana nemotokari yepeturu inodhura kuwedzera? Sezvo Model 3 ndeyeD-chikamu, mota inogona kufananidzwa, semuenzaniso, kune BMW 3 Series. Musiyano wepedyo ndeye 330i ine 258 hp. Iyi i20 hp. kupfuura Standard Range Plus. Pamutero wakafanana wekare, tinowana kuwedzera kwe330 € pamwedzi ye472,18i. Tichifunga nezve mutengo wepamusoro, iyo 330i inogara ichidhura zvishoma pane iyo Model 3 Standard Range Plus, asi iyo 2020i parizvino ichave inodhura 330x kumutyairi webhizinesi muna 2,5. Iye zvino iwe unonzwisisa nei iwe uchiona iyo Model 3 kakawanda kupfuura iyo itsva BMW 3 Series.
Summing up
Maererano nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemari yemotokari yemagetsi kubva ku4% kusvika ku8%, gore rino danho rekutanga rakatorwa kuti ribvise mamwe mitero yemitero. Iko kukosha kwechikumbaridzo kwakaderedzwawo kubva pa50.000 45.000 kusvika ku8 XNUMX euros. Nokudaro, zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, mari yezvemari yakatoderera zvikuru. Zvisinei, iyo yakakwira katalog kukosha kweEVs inopfuura kuderedzwa neXNUMX muzana markup. Mukuwedzera, mutyairi webhizimisi kazhinji inenge hafu yemutengo wemotokari inofananidzwa nepeturu.
Nekudaro, iyo mukana wemari uchadzikira kudzamara kuwedzera kwasvika padanho remota dzepeturu nedhiziri muna 2026. Kune rumwe rutivi, motokari dzemagetsi, hongu, dziri kudhura. Nokufamba kwenguva zvicharatidza kuti zvinhu zviviri izvi zvichava pakati nepakati.
