Throttle

Mumotokari dzemazuva ano, simiti yemagetsi inoshanda nemasisitimu maviri: jekiseni uye kutora. Wokutanga wavo ane basa rekupa mafuta, basa rechipiri nderekuona kuyerera kwemhepo mumasilinda.

Chinangwa, chikuru hurongwa zvinhu

Pasinei nekuti iyo yese system "inodzora" mhepo inopihwa, iyo yakarongeka yakareruka uye chinhu chayo chikuru ndeye throttle assembly (vazhinji vanoidana iyo yekare-yechinyakare throttle). Uye kunyangwe chinhu ichi chine dhizaini iri nyore.

Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo throttle valve yakaramba yakafanana kubva pamazuva einjini dze carbureted. Inovhara nzira huru yemhepo, nokudaro ichigadzirisa huwandu hwemhepo inopiwa kumasilinda. Asi kana pakutanga iyi damper yaive chikamu cheiyo carburetor dhizaini, saka pane jekiseni injini inhengo yakaparadzana zvachose.

Ice supply system

Pamusoro pebasa guru - dhizaini yemhepo yekushanda kwakajairwa kwesimba remagetsi mune chero modhi, iyi damper ine basa rekuchengetedza inodiwa isingaite yekumhanya ye crankshaft (XX) uye pasi peinjini dzakasiyana mitoro. Anobatanidzwawo mukushanda kwebhureki booster.

Iyo throttle body iri nyore kwazvo. Izvo zvakakosha zvimiro zvinhu ndezvi:

1. Chimiro
2. damper ne shaft
3. Dhiraivha michina

Mechanical Throttle Assembly

Chokes emhando dzakasiyana anogona zvakare kusanganisira akati wandei ekuwedzera zvinhu: masensa, bypass chiteshi, ekudziya nzira, nezvimwe. Mune mamwe mashoko, magadzirirwo emagetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa mumotokari, tichakurukura pasi apa.

Iyo throttle valve yakaiswa mumhepo nzira pakati pesefa element uye injini yakawanda. Kuwana iyi node haina kuoma neimwe nzira, saka kana uchiita basa rekugadzirisa kana kuitsiva, hazvizove zvakaoma kusvika pairi uye kuibvisa kubva mumotokari.

Node mhando

Sezvatotaurwa, kune marudzi akasiyana eanomhanyisa. Kune matatu pamwe chete:

1. Inotyairwa nemichina
2. Electromechanical
3. Zvemagetsi

Yakanga iri muhurongwa uhwu kuti dhizaini yechinhu ichi chegadziriro yekutora yakagadziridzwa. Imwe neimwe yemhando iripo ine maitiro ayo ekugadzira. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti nekuvandudza tekinoroji, iyo node mudziyo haina kuomesesa, asi, pane zvinopesana, yakava nyore, asi nemamwe nuances.

Shutter ine mechanical drive. Dhizaini, maitiro

Ngatitangei ne damper inofambiswa nemichina. Iyi mhando yezvikamu zvakaonekwa nekutanga kwekuiswa kwejekiseni remafuta pamotokari. Chinhu chayo chikuru ndechekuti mutyairi anozvimiririra anodzora damper nenzira yekutumira tambo inobatanidza accelerator pedal kune gasi chikamu chakabatana kune damper shaft.

Dhizaini yeyuniti yakadaro yakakweretwa zvachose kubva kune carburetor system, mutsauko chete ndewekuti shock absorber chinhu chakasiyana.

Dhizaini yegungano iri zvakare inosanganisira chinzvimbo sensor (shock absorber kuvhura angle), isingaite inomhanya controller (XX), bypass chiteshi uye yekudziya system.

Throttle assembly ine mechanical drive

Kazhinji, iyo throttle position sensor iripo mumarudzi ese emanodhi. Basa rayo nderokuona kona yekuvhura, iyo inobvumira magetsi injector control unit kuti ione huwandu hwemhepo inopiwa kumakamuri ekupisa uye, zvichibva pane izvi, gadzirisa mafuta.

Kare, potentiometric rudzi sensor yakashandiswa, umo iyo yekuvhura angle yakatemwa nekuchinja kwekupikisa. Parizvino, magnetoresistive sensors anoshandiswa zvakanyanya, ayo anovimbika zvakanyanya, sezvo asina mapeya ekubatika anoenderana nekupfeka.

Throttle chinzvimbo sensor potentiometric mhando

Iyo XX regulator pane mechaniki chokes inzira yakaparadzana inovharira iyo huru. Iyi chiteshi ine solenoid valve inogadzirisa mafambiro emhepo zvichienderana nemamiriro einjini idling.

Idle control mudziyo

Izvo zvakakosha zvebasa rake ndezvizvi: pamakumi maviri, iyo yekuvhundutsa inovharwa yakavharwa zvachose, asi mhepo inodiwa pakushanda kwejini uye inopiwa kuburikidza nenzira yakasiyana. Muchiitiko ichi, ECU inotarisa kukurumidza kwe crankshaft, pamusana peiyo inogadzirisa dhigirii rekuvhura kwechiteshi ichi nevhavhavha ye solenoid kuchengetedza kukurumidza kweseti.

Bypass nzira dzinoshanda pamusimboti wakafanana neregulator. Asi basa rayo nderekuchengetedza kumhanya kwesimba remagetsi nekugadzira mutoro pakuzorora. Semuenzaniso, kubatidza mamiriro ekunze kunowedzera mutoro painjini, zvichiita kuti kumhanya kuderera. Kana mutongi asingakwanisi kupa huwandu hunodiwa hwemhepo kune injini, nzira dzekupfuura dzinovhurwa.

Asi aya ekuwedzera chiteshi ane akakosha drawback - chikamu chavo chemuchinjiko idiki, nekuda kwekuti vanogona kuvharika uye nechando. Kurwisa iyo yekupedzisira, iyo throttle valve yakabatanidzwa kune inotonhorera system. Ndiko kuti, iyo inotonhorera inotenderera kuburikidza nemigero yekasi, ichipisa migero.

Modhi yekombuta yematanho muvharuvhu yeshavishavi

Iko kusakosha kukuru kwemusangano we mechanical throttle ndiko kuvapo kwechikanganiso mukugadzirira kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa, iyo inokanganisa kushanda uye simba rejini. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti ECU haidzori damper, inongogamuchira ruzivo pamusoro pekona yekuvhura. Nokudaro, nekuchinja kamwe-kamwe panzvimbo yevhavhavhavhavha, chikwata chekutonga hachigari chine nguva ye "kugadzirisa" kushanduka kwemamiriro ezvinhu, izvo zvinotungamirira kumafuta akawandisa.

Electromechanical butterfly valve

Nhanho inotevera mukugadzirwa kwemavharuvhu e butterfly yaive kubuda kwerudzi rwe electromechanical. Iyo yekudzora michina yakaramba yakafanana - tambo. Asi mune ino node hapana mamwe chiteshi seasina kufanira. Pane kudaro, yemagetsi chikamu chekudzikisa meshini inodzorwa neECU yakawedzerwa kune dhizaini.

Zvimiro, iyi dhizaini inosanganisira yakajairika mota yemagetsi ine giya bhokisi, iyo yakabatana kune yekuvhunduka inopinza shaft.

Ichi chikwata chinoshanda seizvi: mushure mekutanga injini, chikwata chekutonga chinoverenga huwandu hwemhepo inopiwa uye inozarura damper kune kona yaidiwa kuitira kuti igadzire kukurumidza kusina basa. Ndiko kuti, iyo control unit mumayuniti emhando iyi yaive nekukwanisa kudzora kushanda kweinjini pasina basa. Mune mamwe maitiro ekushanda emagetsi emagetsi, mutyairi pachake anodzora throttle.

Kushandiswa kwechikamu chekudzora maitiro kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kurerutsa dhizaini yeaccelerator unit, asi haina kubvisa iyo huru drawback - zvikanganiso zvekugadzira musanganiswa. Muchigadziro ichi, hazvisi nezve damper, asi chete pakusina basa.

Electronic damper

Mhando yekupedzisira, yemagetsi, iri kuwedzera kuiswa mumotokari. Chinhu chayo chikuru kusavapo kwekudyidzana kwakananga kweiyo accelerator pedal ine damper shaft. Iyo nzira yekudzora mune iyi dhizaini yatove yakazara magetsi. Iyo ichiri kushandisa imwechete yemagetsi mota ine giya bhokisi rakabatana neECU inodzorwa shaft. Asi iyo control unit "inodzora" kuvhurwa kwegedhi mune ese modes. Imwe sensor yakawedzerwa kune dhizaini - chinzvimbo cheiyo accelerator pedal.

Electronic throttle zvinhu

Panguva yekushanda, iyo control unit inoshandisa ruzivo kwete chete kubva kune yekuvhunduka inopinza chinzvimbo sensors uye accelerator pedal. Zvinocherechedzwawo masaini kubva kuotomatiki kutapurirana michina yekutarisa, mabhureki masisitimu, midziyo yekudzora mamiriro ekunze, uye cruise control.

Ruzivo rwese rwunopinda kubva kuma sensors runogadziriswa neyuniti uye pane iyi hwaro iyo yakakwana gedhi rekuvhura angle inoiswa. Iko ndiko kuti, iyo yemagetsi system inodzora zvizere kushanda kweiyo intake system. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvibvirire kubvisa zvikanganiso mukuumbwa kwemusanganiswa. Mune chero nzira yekushanda kwesimba remagetsi, iyo chaiyo yemhepo ichapihwa kune macylinders.

Asi hurongwa uhu hwaive husina zvikanganiso. Kune zvakare zvishoma zvishoma zvadzo kupfuura mune mamwe marudzi maviri. Chokutanga pane izvi ndechokuti damper inovhurwa nemagetsi emagetsi. Chero, kunyange kukanganisa kuduku kwezvikwata zvekutumira zvinotungamirira kukusashanda kwechikwata, izvo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwejini. Iko hakuna dambudziko rakadaro mumatambo ekudzora tambo.

Yechipiri drawback inonyanya kukosha, asi inonyanya kunetseka nemotokari dzebhajeti. Uye zvese zvinotsamira pachokwadi chekuti nekuda kwekusanyanya kugadzirwa software, iyo throttle inogona kushanda kunonoka. Ndiko kuti, mushure mekudzvanya accelerator pedal, ECU inotora nguva yekuunganidza uye kugadzirisa ruzivo, mushure mezvo inotumira chiratidzo kune iyo throttle control mota.

Chikonzero chikuru chekunonoka kubva pakutsikirira throttle yemagetsi kuenda kumhinduro yeinjini ndeyemagetsi akachipa uye software isina kunyatsogadziriswa.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, iyi drawback haina kunyanya kuoneka, asi pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, basa rakadaro rinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro isingafadzi. Semuenzaniso, kana uchitanga munzira inotsvedza yemugwagwa, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwa kukurumidza kuchinja maitiro einjini ("play the pedal"), kureva, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kukurumidza "kuita" kwezvinodiwa. injini kune zviito zvemutyairi zvakakosha. Iko kunonoka kuripo mukushanda kweaccelerator kunogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko ekutyaira, sezvo mutyairi "asinganzwi" injini.

Chimwe chimiro chemagetsi emagetsi emamwe mamodheru emota, ayo kune vakawanda akashata, ndiyo yakakosha throttle setting pafekitari. Iyo ECU ine marongero asingasanganisi mukana wekutsvedza kwevhiri kana uchitanga. Izvi zvinowanikwa nekuti pakutanga kwekufamba, iyo unit haina kunyatso kuvhura iyo damper kune yakanyanya simba, chokwadi, iyo ECU "inodzvokora" injini ine throttle. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chimiro ichi chine kukanganisa kwakashata.

Mumotokari dzekutanga, hapana matambudziko ne "mhinduro" yekudyara system nekuda kweyakajairwa software kuvandudza. Zvakare mumotokari dzakadaro zvinowanzogoneka kuseta iyo inoshanda maitiro emagetsi chirimwa zvinoenderana nezvaunoda. Semuenzaniso, mu "sport" mode, kushanda kwegadziriro yekudya kunogadziridzwa zvakare, apo ECU haisisiri "kusunga" injini pakutanga, iyo inobvumira motokari "kukurumidza" kufamba.