BMW M20 injini
Zviri mukati
Iyo BMW M20 injini yakatevedzana ndeye-mutsetse matanhatu-cylinder imwe-camshaft peturu powertrain. Kugadzirwa kwekutanga kweiyo nhevedzano kwakatanga muna 1977 uye yekupedzisira modhi yakabviswa pamutsetse wegungano muna 1993. Mienzaniso yekutanga iyo injini dzeiyi dzakatevedzana dzakashandiswa dzaiva E12 520/6 uye E21 320/6. Huwandu hwavo hwekushanda hudiki hunosvika 2.0 litres, nepo yakakura uye yazvino vhezheni yaive ne 2.7 malita. Zvadaro, M20 yakava hwaro hwekusikwa kweM21 injini yedhiziri.
Kubva kuma1970, nekuda kwekuwedzera kudiwa kwevatengi, BMW yave kuda injini nyowani dze3 uye 5 modhi dzakatevedzana, ingave diki pane yatovepo M30 yakatevedzana, zvisinei, ichichengetedza matanhatu-cylinder inline configuration. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive 2-litre M20, iyo ichiri diki inline-nhanhatu kubva kuBMW. Nemavhoriyamu kubva ku1991 cubic metres. ona kusvika ku2693 cu. ona mota idzi dzaishandiswa pamhando E12, E28, E34 5 dzakatevedzana, E21 uye E30 3 dzakatevedzana.
Mamiriro akasiyana eM20 kubva kuM30 ndeaya:
- Bhandi renguva panzvimbo yeketani;
- Silinda dhayamita 91 mm pane 100 mm;
- Iyo angle yekurerekera ndeye 20 madhigirii pane makumi matatu, senge M30.
Zvakare, iyo M20 ine simbi cylinder block, aluminium block head, imwe camshaft ine mavharuvhu maviri pacylinder.
M20V20
Iyi ndiyo yekutanga modhi yeiyi nhevedzano uye yakashandiswa pamotokari mbiri: E12 520/6 uye E21 320/6. Humburumbira dhayamita 80 mm uye piston sitiroko i66 mm. Pakutanga, Solex 4A1 carburetor ine makamuri mana yakashandiswa kugadzira musanganiswa uye kuidyisa muhumburumbira. Nehurongwa uhu, chiyero chekumanikidza che9.2: 1 chakawanikwa uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kwaive 6400 rpm. Michina yekutanga mazana matatu nemakumi maviri yakashandisa mafeni emagetsi pakutonhodza, asi kubva muna 320 vakatanga kushandisa feni nekubatanidza kupisa.
Muna 1981, M20V20 yakabaiwa jekiseni, yakagamuchira Bosh K-Jetronic system. Kubva 1981, mazino akatenderedzwa akashandiswawo pabhandi recamshaft kubvisa kuchema kana injini ichimhanya. Kutsikirirwa kwejini injini yakawedzera kusvika 9.9: 1, kukosha kwekumhanya kukuru kwekutenderera kwakaderera kusvika 6200 rpm ne LE-Jetronic system. Kune iyo E30 modhi, injini yakagadziridzwa maererano nekutsiva silinda yemusoro, yakareruka block uye manifolds matsva akachinjirwa kune LE-Jetronic system (M20B20LE). Muna 1987, kechipiri uye kekupedzisira kechipiri uye kekupedzisira, paM20V20 pakaiswa mafuta matsva uye jekiseni mudziyo, Bosh Motronic, iyo compression iri 8.8: 1.
Motokari simba rinobva pa121 kusvika ku127 hp. pakumhanya kubva 5800 kusvika 6000 rpm, torque inosiyana kubva 160 kusvika 174 N * m.
inoshandiswa pamamodheru
- 1976–1981 E12 520/6 (карбюратор)
- 1977–1982 E21 320/6 (карбюратор)
- 1981–1982 E28 520i
- 1982–1984 E28 520i
- 1982–1984 E30 320i
- 1984–1987 E28 520i
- 1984–1987 E30 320i
- 1986–1987 E28 520i
- 1987–1992 E30 320i
- 1988–1990 E34 520i
Iyo M20B20kat ishanduro yakavandudzwa yeM20B20 yakagadzirirwa iyo BMW 5 Series uye ine akati wandei maficha. Chinhu chekutanga chakasiyana zvakanyanya kuvepo kweBosh Motronic system uye inoshandura shanduko yaive nyowani panguva iyoyo, iyo inoderedza chepfu yekubuda kweinjini.
M20B23
Mwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekutanga kwekugadzirwa kweM20V20 yekutanga muna 1977, kugadzirwa kwejekiseni (ported injection) M20V23 yakatanga. Nekugadzirwa kwayo, iyo yakafanana block head yakashandiswa seye carburetor M20V20, asi ine crank yakawedzera kusvika 76.8 mm. Humburumbira dhayamita ichiri 80 mm. Iyo yakagoverwa jekiseni system, iyo yakatanga kuiswa painjini iyi, ndeye K-Jetronic. Mushure meizvozvo, yakatsiviwa neitsva panguva iyoyo L-Jetronic uye LE-Jetronic masisitimu. Injini yekushanda inosvika 2.3 malita, iyo inopfuura zvishoma kudarika yapfuura, zvisinei, kuwedzera kwesimba kwave kuoneka: 137-147 hp. pa5300 rpm. M20B23 uye M20B20 ndivo vamiririri vekupedzisira venhevedzano, yakabudiswa pamberi pe1987 neJetronic system.
inoshandiswa pamamodheru
- 1977–1982 E21323i
- 1982–1984 E30323i
- 1984–1987 E30323i
M20B25
Iyi mota yakatsiva mbiri dzakapfuura, inogadzirwa chete neBosh Motronic jekiseni system yemhando dzakasiyana. Displacement 2494 cu. cm inobvumira iwe kukudziridza 174 hp. (isina converter) pa6500 rpm, iyo yakapfuura zvakanyanya kuita kwevamiriri vadiki veiyo nhevedzano. Iyo silinda dhayamita yakakura kusvika 84 mm, uye piston sitiroko kusvika 75 mm. Kudzvinyirira kwakaramba kuri pamwero mumwe - 9.7: 1. Zvakare pashanduro dzakagadziridzwa, Motronic 1.3 masisitimu akaoneka, ayo akaderedza kushanda kweinjini. Mukuwedzera, iyo catalytic converter yakaderedza simba kusvika 169 hp, zvisinei, haina kuiswa pamotokari dzose.
inoshandiswa pamamodheru
- 1985–1993 E30325i
- 1989–1990 E34525i
- 1988–1991 Z1
Iyo M20V27 ndiyo BMW hombe uye ine simba M20 injini. Yakanga yakagadzirirwa kuve inoshanda zvakanyanya uye torquey pazasi revs, izvo zvaive zvisiri izvo zvakajairika kune BMW inline-matanhatu aimhanya pakukwira kwe6000 rpm. Kusiyana neM20B25, piston sitiroko yakakura kusvika 81 mm, uye humburumbira dhayamita kusvika 84 mm. Musoro wekuvhara wakasiyana zvakasiyana neB25, camshaft yakasiyanawo, asi mavharuvhu anoramba akafanana.
Zvitubu zvevhavha zvakapfava, zvinotora simba rakawandisa, izvo zvakawedzera kushanda zvakanaka. Zvakare kune iyi injini, imwe nyowani yekudyara yakawanda ine elongated chiteshi inoshandiswa, uye iyo throttle yakafanana mune yakasara yeM20. Nekuda kwekuchinja uku, muganho wepamusoro wekumhanya kweinjini wakaderedzwa kusvika 4800 rpm. Kutsikirirwa mumainjini aya kwaienderana nemusika kwavaiendeswa: mota dzine compression ye11:1 dzaityaira muUSA, uye 9.0:1 dzakatengeswa muEurope.
inoshandiswa pamamodheru
- 1982–1987 E30325e, 325e
- 1982–1988 E28525e
Simba rinobudiswa nemuenzaniso uyu haripfuuri mamwe - 121-127 hp, asi torque ine margin ye 14 N * m kubva kumusoro (M20B25) ndeye 240 N * m pa 3250 rpm.
Обслуживание
Kune iyi nhevedzano yeinjini, zvinenge zvakafanana zvinodiwa pakushanda uye oiri anoshandiswa. Zviri nani kushandisa SAE semi-synthetics ine viscosity ye10w-40, 5w-40, 0w-40. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinokurudzirwa kuzadza synthetics kune imwe yekutsiva kutenderera. Vagadziri vemafuta vanofanirwa kutarisisa kune: Liqui Molly, Chengetedza, tarisa yega 10 km, kutsiva kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa - zvakafanana nevamwe vese. Asi zvakakosha kuyeuka chimwe chinhu cheBMW yose - unofanira kunyatsocherechedza huwandu hwemvura, sezvo gaskets inowanzova isingashandisi uye inotanga kubuda. Nekudaro, iyi haisi iyo yakakomba drawback, nekuti inogadziriswa nekutenga zvikamu kubva kune zvakanaka zvinhu.
Nezve nzvimbo yeinjini nhamba - sezvo bhuroka iri yedhizaini imwechete - nhamba yeese mamodheru enhevedzano iri pamusoro pe spark plugs, muchikamu chepamusoro che block.
M20 injini uye maitiro avo
| Injini | HP/r/min | N*m/r/min | Makore ekugadzira |
|---|---|---|---|
| M20B20 | 120/6000 | 160/4000 | 1976-1982 |
| 125/5800 | 170/4000 | 1981-1982 | |
| 122/5800 | 170/4000 | 1982-1984 | |
| 125/6000 | 174/4000 | 1984-1987 | |
| 125/6000 | 190/4500 | 1986-1992 | |
| M20B23 | 140/5300 | 190/4500 | 1977-1982 |
| 135/5300 | 205/4000 | 1982-1984 | |
| 146/6000 | 205/4000 | 1984-1987 | |
| M20B25 | 172/5800 | 226/4000 | 1985-1987 |
| 167/5800 | 222/4300 | 1987-1991 | |
| M20B27 | 121/4250 | 240/3250 | 1982-1987 |
| 125/4250 | 240/3250 | 1987-1992 |
Tuning uye kuchinjanisa
Musoro wekugadzirisa BMW unonyatsobudiswa, asi kutanga, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kana imwe motokari inoida kana kwete. Chinhu chakareruka chinowanzoitwa neM20 yakatevedzana kuisirwa turbine uye chip tuning, kubvisa iyo catalyst, kana iripo. Aya magadzirirwo anotendera iwe kukwira kusvika ku200 hp. kubva kune nyowani nyowani uye diki mota - ingangoita yeEurope mutsauko pane dingindira remainjini madiki ane simba, akave achiitwa uye achiitwa muJapan kusvika nhasi.
Kazhinji, varidzi vemotokari kubva kumakore akadaro ekugadzirwa vanofunga nezvekutsiva injini, sezvo sosi yemakore makumi maviri kana kupfuura inoshamisa. Injini dzemazuva ano dzeBMW itsva neToyota dzinouya kuzonunura pano, kunyanya kukwezva nekuwanda uye kuvimbika kwavo. Zvakare, maitiro emagetsi einjini dzemazuva ano akawanda anosvika 20 litita anozoatendera kuti ashandiswe pasina kutsiva gearbox. Munyaya yekuisa injini yekupisa yemukati iyo inodarika zvakanyanya maitiro ekutanga, iyo yekutarisa ichafanirwa kusetwa zvinoenderana.
Zvakare, kana iwe uine BMW yekare kwazvo kubva kuM20 1986 isati yasvika, unogona kukwidziridza sisitimu yayo kuenda kune yechizvino-zvino uye kuwana masimba ari nani. Vamwe vanoisa masisitimu zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda, kana kuti vanoda kuwana zvirinani traction "pazasi".
