Volkswagen injini: siyana, maitiro, matambudziko uye diagnostics

Iyo Volkswagen kunetsekana inogadzira huwandu hwakasiyana hwemagetsi emagetsi, ayo anosanganisira spark ignition peturu injini uye compression ignition dizeli injini. Iko kunetseka kunoisa budiriro yayo pachayo pamotokari nemarori.

Mhedziso yeinjini dzeVolkswagen Group

Iyo Volkswagen kunetseka, yakavambwa muBerlin muna Chivabvu 28, 1937, yakazivisa kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzinodhura dzine hunyanzvi hwekuita hunhu sechinhu chakakosha. Michina yacho yaifanira kuzadzisa zvinotevera zvinodiwa:

• yepamusoro-soro inokwanisika yekuchengeteka;
• injini yakavimbika;
• kushandiswa kwemari kwemafuta;
• kunyaradza kunogamuchirika;
• salon yevanhu vana;
• kukanganisa kushoma pane zvakatipoteredza;
• decent quality trim.

Mune mamwe mazwi, kunetseka kwaifanirwa kugadzira mota dzebhajeti ine injini ine simba uye ine hupfumi.

Mumwe nemumwe muridzi weVW Beetle aizvifungidzira ari mumotokari ine injini ine simba.

Iko kushanduka kweinjini dzeVolkswagen

Injini dzese dzakagadzirwa neVolkswagen Boka dzinoedzwa munzvimbo yakatenderwa bvunzo Deutsches Institut für Normung. Iwo mayuniti ane inoshanda yakananga jekiseni system uye inoshamwaridzana nemamiriro ekunze exhaust system. Boka racho rakagamuchira mibairo yakawanda yekuvandudza injini dzayo.

Ese powertrains akagadzirwa zvinoenderana neVolkswagen zvakatipoteredza zviyero

Munhoroondo yayo yese, kunetseka kwakaedza kuita kuti injini iwedzere hupfumi. Mhedzisiro yezvidzidzo izvi yaive unit inodya 3 malita emafuta pa100 km. Yakanga iri matatu-cylinder injini yedhiziri ine vhoriyamu 1,2 litres ine aluminium block, jekiseni system, turbocharger uye kutonhodza kwemhepo yakapihwa. Kuderedza huwandu hwemasilinda kwakakanganisa zvishoma maitiro eiyo injini. Iine kushomeka kwemafuta ekushandisa, iyo unit yairatidza simba rakanaka nekuda kwe:

• kuderedza uremu hweinjini;
• kuderedza kukakavara pakati pekubata nodes uye zvikamu;
• kuwedzera kushanda kwekupisa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa;
• kuvandudzwa kweiyo jekiseni system ine exhaust gasi turbocharger.

Mhuri yelight turbocharged peturu injini inoisa gwara idzva reboka

Wokutanga Volkswagen injini

Muna 1938, VW Type 1 yakatangwa, ine shanduko yeF4 ina-cylinder injini yakaiswa kumashure uye yakatonhodzwa nemhepo. Chikwata ichi chaive nevhoriyamu ye1,131 litres uye inokwana 34 litres. With. Mukuita kwekushanduka-shanduka, vhoriyamu yeinjini yakawedzera kubva 1,2 kusvika 1,6 malita. Iyo yazvino modhi yaive musanganiswa wakakwana wekuita, kugona uye kuvimbika. Pamusana pekugadzirwa kwecarburetor, zviyero zvakakwana zvakaonekwa pakugadzira musanganiswa unopisa. Injini ye1,6 litre yakaisa hwaro hwemutsara weinjini dzekutakura zvinhu uye vafambi.

Iko kugona kwekugadzira kweVolkswagen injini chirimwa muKaluga inobvumira kugadzirwa kweanosvika 5000 injini pagore.

Zvinotsanangurwa zveVolkswagen injini

Iyo yakajairwa Volkswagen injini iine humburumbira unit ine pamusoro camshaft uye kutonhora kwemvura. Kazhinji cylinder block, musoro wayo nemapistoni zvinogadzirwa nealuminium alloy, uye crankshaft ine matatu ekutsigira mabearings anogadzirwa nesimbi yekunyepedzera.

Volkswagen injini dzine zvinotevera zvirevo:

• mafuta anopedzwa - peturu kana dizeli mafuta;
• kutonhora system - mhepo kana mvura;
• mhando yehumburumbira kurongeka - mumutsara, V-shaped kana VR;
• vhoriyamu - kubva pa1 kusvika ku5 l;
• simba - kubva 25 kusvika 420 malita. With.;
• kushandiswa kwemafuta - kubva pa3 kusvika ku10 malita pamakiromita zana;
• nhamba yemasilinda - kubva pa3 kusvika ku10;
• piston dhayamita - kusvika 81 mm;
• nhamba yekushanda maitiro - 2 kana 4;
• rudzi rwekupisa musanganiswa - spark ignition kana compression ignition;
• nhamba yecamshafts - 1, 2 kana 4;
• nhamba yemavharuvhu mukamuri yekupisa ndeye 2 kana 4.

TSI peturu injini ndiyo yakakwana musanganiswa wekuita uye hupfumi. Kunyangwe nekumhanya kwakaderera, ivo vanounza yakanyanya torque, uye yakanyatsogadzirwa musanganiswa wepiston kutamiswa, turbocharging uye yakananga jekiseni inoburitsa kunyange mafuta ekutakura.

Iyo injector yemafuta atomize musanganiswa unopisa pasi pekumanikidza kwakanyanya

Volkswagen peturu injini inoratidzirwa ne:

• kuumbwa kwemafuta musanganiswa muhuwandu hwekudya kana zvakananga muimba yekupisa;
• kupisa kwemusanganiswa kubva kune spark plugs;
• kupisa kweyunifomu yemusanganiswa;
• quantitative kugadziriswa kwemusanganiswa;
• mana-stroke musimboti wekushanda nematenderedzwa maviri e crankshaft ane kona ye720 °.

Volkswagen TDI injini dzedhiziri dzine turbocharging uye yakananga majekiseni emafuta anoratidzwa ne:

• economy;
• high traction simba;
• production;
• kuvimbika mukushanda.

Optimum viscosity yemafuta edhiziri inovimbisa yakanaka musanganiswa kuumbwa mukamuri yekupisa

Kushanda kweinjini yedhiziri yeVolkswagen kunoratidzwa neanotevera mapoinzi:

• kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa wemafuta nemhepo muimba yekupisa;
• kuzvipisa kwemafuta kubva kumhepo inopisa yakamanikidzwa;
• high compression ratio;
• kugadzirira kwepamusoro-soro yemusanganiswa;
• musimboti wekushanda kweinjini yechina-stroke yematenderedzwa maviri e crankshaft.

Vagadziri vakakwanisa kubatanidza kuisa injini yakakura mukamuri yeinjini

Zvakanakira Volkswagen peturu injini ndeiyi:

• kuderera-kusvika-simba reshiyo (kg/kW);
• kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana;
• maitiro akanaka;
• mutengo wakaderera;
• mamiriro okunze ose;
• nyore kugadzirisa.

Zvisinei, mayunitsi aya anewo zvaasina kunaka. Chekutanga ndechekuti:

• kunyanya kushandiswa kwemafuta;
• kudhonza kusina simba pakumhanya kwakaderera;
• kuwedzera kwekushandisa paunenge uchitakura kabhini;
• kupisa kwemafuta.

Zvitatu muzvina zve2013 Volkswagen Jettas ine XNUMX-litre turbodiesel injini.

Zvakanakira injini dzedhiziri dzinosanganisira:

• yakaderera mafuta kushandiswa;
• high torque;
• kushaya spark plugs;
• kubata zvakanaka pakumhanya kwakaderera;
• kubata zvakanaka mumagiya akakwirira.

Zvakaipa zve diesel ndezvi:

• zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvehuhu hwehuni;
• nguva yehuni (dambudziko rinotanga mukutonhora kwekunze);
• basa rinodhura chaizvo;
• kudiwa kwekuomerera kwakasimba kune kuwanda kwekuchinja mafuta uye mafirita;
• mutengo wakakwira.

Volkswagen injini dzemarori

Mota dzinotakura mitoro inorema dzinowanzo shandiswa nekumhanya kwakaderera uye zvinoda kuwedzera simba reinjini. Sarudzo yakanakisa kwavari ndeye elastic dizeli injini ine chiyero chakakwana chesimba rayo uye uremu hwemotokari. Iyo yakakwirira iyo elasticity yeinjini, kukurumidza kukurumidza kunoitika. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika mumaguta, uko mayuniti edhiziri anoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura peturu.

Iyo VW Crafter injini musanganiswa wekuita, kushanda uye hupfumi

Silinda kuronga muVolkswagen injini

Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yemasilinda, pane:

• in-line injini;
• V-yakaita injini;
• VR injini.

Imwe neimwe yemhando ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira.

inline injini

Injini yepiston yakajairwa nhevedzano yemasilinda akarongwa imwe kuseri kweimwe. Iyo inowanzoiswa pamotokari nemarori uye inowanzove ine masilinda mana, iyo countdown inotangira kubva kudivi rekubhururuka.

Iyo ina-cylinder injini inowanzoiswa pamotokari nemarori.

Semubairo weinjini yechina-stroke ine longitudinally symmetrical crankshaft, maitiro akanaka uye mutengo wakaderera zvinowanzocherechedzwa. Iko kusakosha kwechikamu ichi ndiko kuwedzera kwezvinodiwa zvenzvimbo mukamuri yejini, inodiwa kune nzvimbo yevhavha yemasilinda mana.

V-injini

Injini yemhando yeV ine masilinda akati wandei pakona kune imwe neimwe. Iyo tilt angle inogona kusvika 180 °. Nekuda kweizvi, nhamba yakakura yemasilinda inogona kuiswa munzvimbo shoma. Injini dzese dzine masilinda masere kana anopfuura anowanzo V-mhando (V6, V8 kana V12). V4 units, zvichienzaniswa ne-in-line vanobatana, vane uremu huri nani-ku-simba reshiyo, asi inodhura kugadzira.

V-yakaita injini ine akati wandei masilinda ari pakona kune mumwe nemumwe

Kuenzaniswa ne-in-line injini, iyo V-injini yakanyanya compact uye isina huremu. Saka, V12 inongoreba zvishoma pane matanhatu-cylinder in-line injini. Izvo zvisingabatsiri dhizaini yayo yakanyanya kuomarara, mamwe matambudziko mukuyeresa, yakakwira mwero wekuzunguzika uye kudiwa kwekudzokorora dzimwe node.

Vhidhiyo: 8-cylinder V-injini kushanda

Animated V8 Injini

VR injini

Injini yeVR yakagadziridzwa nekunetseka ndeye symbiosis yeV-injini ine yakanyanya kuderera camber angle (15 °) uye in-line unit. Masilinda ayo matanhatu akarongwa pakona ye15 °. Izvi zvakasiyana neyakajairwa V-injini, umo kona iyi iri 60 ° kana 90 °. Iwo mapiston ari mubhuroko mune chekibhodhi pateni. Iyi dhizaini inobvumidza iwe kusanganisa kuwanda kweiyo V-yakaita injini nehupamhi hudiki hweinjini-mutsetse uye inochengetedza zvakanyanya nzvimbo mukamuri yeinjini.

VR injini musanganiswa weV-injini uye in-line injini

Iyo VR injini zvakare ine akati wandei akashata:

• kona yakakura yekuteterera kwematanda ekubatanidza inotungamira kune yakakwira radial mitoro pamapistoni;
• urefu husina kuenzana hwekutora uye kupera kwemagetsi kunobata mhepo yemhepo uye kubudisa magasi;
• kugadzirwa kwecylinder head kunodhura zvakanyanya.

Hunhu hweVolkswagen AG injini

Volkswagen kunetsekana inogadzira ese peturu uye dhiziri injini.

Volkswagen peturu injini

Mukushanduka kweVolkswagen peturu injini, akati wandei mamodheru anogona kusiyaniswa.

1. Muenzaniso EA111. Kekutanga, EA111 injini dzakaiswa pakati pe1970s paVW Polo mota. Aive ari mumutsara matatu- uye mana-cylinder mvura-yakatonhodzwa peturu injini. Kamshaft yaifambiswa nebhandi rine mazino kubva pa crankshaft. Iyo shaft yepakati yaidzora pombi yemafuta uye yekuparadzira. EA111 injini dzaive dzakashongedzerwa neVW Polo, VW Gorofu, VW Touran modhi.
   

   EA111 injini dzinoshandiswa muVW Polo, VW Golf uye VW Touran modhi
2. Muenzaniso EA827. Kugadzirwa kweseri kweE827 injini kwakatanga muna 1972. Masilinda mana nemasere aive neakavimbika mvura yekutonhodza uye akaiswa paVW Golf neVW Passat.
   

   Kugadzirwa kweseri kweE827 injini kwakatanga muna 1972
3. Muenzaniso EA113. EA113 injini dzakaiswa mumotokari dzakawanda - kubva kuAudi 80, Seat Leon, Škoda Octavia kusvika kuVW Golf neVW Jetta. Mota dzeiyi dzakateedzana dzakapihwa mumakwikwi epasi rose International Engine of the Year.
4. Muenzaniso EA211. Iwo mayunitsi eiyi EA211 akateedzana gadziriso yechina-cylinder TSI injini ine turbocharging uye yakananga jekiseni. Kuenzaniswa neshanduro dzakapfuura, kureba kweinjini kwakadzikira ne50 mm. Huremu hweinjini yealuminium alloy ndeye 97 kg ye1,2 TSI uye 106 kg ye1,4 TSI. Kuti uderedze uremu, mapistoni ane flat pasi anoiswa. Iyo unit ine dual-circuit cooling system. Munharaunda yekushisa kwepamusoro, injini inotonhodzwa nepombi inotyairwa nemuchina, nepo tembiricha yakaderera inosanganisira intercooler uye turbocharger imba.
   
   

   Iyo EA211 injini inogadziridza yechina-cylinder turbocharged yakananga jekiseni TSI injini.
5. Muenzaniso EA888. Four-cylinder EA888 injini ine simba kubva pa151 kusvika 303 hp. With. ine mbiri jekiseni system, jekiseni chinzvimbo, nhete-yakavakirwa injini zvidhinha, exhaust gasi recirculation uye kutonhora. Iko hakuna coil yekudzima. Injini yeVolkswagen Gorofu R400 pfungwa yemotokari ine ese-mavhiri dhiraivha system uye matanhatu-anomhanya gearbox ine vhoriyamu ye2,0 malita ine simba re400 hp. With. Kusvikira ku100 km / h, motokari yakadaro inomhanya mumasekondi 3,8.
   

   Iko kushandiswa kwecheni dhiraivha munguva yakawedzera zvakanyanya hupenyu hweEA888 akatevedzana injini

Tafura: zvakatemwa zveVolkswagen peturu injini

kodhi	Ukuru, cm3	Kugadziriswa	simba, kwt	Simba, hp kubva.	Mota yemota	Kutanga kwekugadzirwa, gore	Discontinuation, gore
1	1100	F4	18	25	Nyorai 1	1947	1954
1	1200	F4	22	30	Nyorai 1	1954	1960
1	1500	F4	31	42	Nyorai 2	1963	1964
1	1500	F4	33	45	Nyorai 3	1961	1965
1V	1600	I4	45	60	Gorofu, Jetta	1989	1992
2H	1800	I4	73	98	Gorofu Cabrio	1989	1993
ABS	1791	I4	66	90	Gorofu, Vento, Passat	1991	1994
ADR	1781	I4	92	125	Kare	1996	1999
ADX	1300	I4	41	55	Polo	1994	1995
AGZ	2324	V5	110	150	Gorofu, Bora, Passat	1997	2001
AJH	1781	I4T	110	150	Polo, Gorofu, Jetta, Passat	2001	2004
APQ	1400	I4	45	60	Polo, Gorofu, Mhepo	1995	1998
CHIFUVA	1781	I4T	125	170	Jetta, New Beetle, Passat	2002	2005
BHAN	5998	V12	309	420	phaeton	2002	-
BAR	4163	V8	257	349	Touareg	2006	-

Mutafura, injini dzakarongwa maererano nekodhi yetsamba. Iyo pre-1965 VW Beetle neVW Transporter injini dzakanga dzisina kodhi yetsamba. Iwo akaiswa chiratidzo patafura nekodhi 1.

Volkswagen dhiziri injini

Vamiririri vakuru veVolkswagen diesel injini yemhuri ndezvikamu zvinotevera.

1. Muenzaniso EA188. Iyo injini dhizaini inoshandisa tekinoroji-vharuvhu uye pombi yejekiseni. Shanduro dzinowanikwa nehuwandu hwe 1,2 kusvika ku 4,9 malita ane nhamba yemasilinda kubva ku3 kusvika ku10. Musoro we cylinder wezvikamu zvine simba zvakanyanya unogadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa, isina simba shoma inogadzirwa nealuminium ine simbi yakakandwa.
   
   

   Kuripira inertia isingadiwe, injini inoshongedzerwa nechiyero shaft inofambiswa neketani kubva ku crankshaft.

2. Muenzaniso EA189. Injini dzeiyi dzakatevedzana mana-cylinder (1,6-2,0 l) uye matatu-cylinder (1,2 l) zvikamu. Injini ine turbocharger, yakaderera-tembiricha yekupedza gasi recirculation system uye dizeli particulate sefa. Manifold ekutora akashongedzerwa nemaflaps anoramba achidzora kuyerera kwemhepo iri kuuya. Pazasi RPM, madhamu aya anovhara, uye kana injini inomhanya ichikwira kusvika 3000 RPM, yakavhurika zvizere.

   

   Iyo cylinder block inogadzirwa nealuminium uye ine maviri camshafts
3. Muenzaniso VW EA288. Injini dzeiyi dzakateerana dzinomiririrwa nematatu- uye mana-cylinder shanduro. Panyaya yemasilinda matatu, iyo block pachayo inogadzirwa nealuminium, uye mune yechina, inogadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa. Silinda imwe neimwe ine mavharuvhu mana. Injini yakagadzirwa nemakamshaft maviri epamusoro anotyairwa nebhandi rine mazino. Kuti ikurumidze kupisa kweyuniti, iyo inotonhorera inokamurwa kuita masekete akati wandei. Iyo inotonhorera inopfuura nemumusoro wecylinder uye EGR inotonhorera.
4. Muenzaniso EA898. Muna 2016, kunetseka kwakatanga kuisa sere-cylinder EA898 injini ine silinda angle ye90 ° pane akati wandei emotokari. Unit ine simba rinosvika 320 litres. With. ine crankcase yesimbi yakakandwa, mavharuvhu mana pahumburumbira, mana camshafts, maviri emvura-akatonhodzwa eutsi gasi turbocharger uye variable turbine geometry. Pa crankshaft inomhanya kusvika 2200 rpm, turbocharger imwe uye imwe exhaust valve per cylinder inoshanda, uye sezvo kukurumidza kutenderera kunowedzera, mavharuvhu ose ekubudisa anozaruka. Yechipiri turbocharger inobhadharwa negasi kubva kune yechipiri mavharuvhu ekupedza. Kana crankshaft ikatanga kutenderera nekukurumidza kupfuura 2700 rpm, ese mavharuvhu mana mumasirinda anotanga kushanda.
   

   Injini sere-cylinder V-shaped ine volume ye 3,956 litres

Tafura: Volkswagen dhiziri tsanangudzo

kodhi	vhoriyamu, cm3	Kugadziriswa	simba, kwt	Simba, hp kubva.	Mota yemota	Kutanga kwekugadzirwa, gore	Discontinuation, gore
1Z	1896	I4T	66	90	Polo, Gorofu, Sharan, Passat	1993	1997
AAB	2370	I5	57	77	Transport, Syncro	1990	1998
AAZ	1896	I4T	55	75	Gorofu, Vento, Passat	1991	1998
AEF	1900	I4	48	64	Polo, Caddy	1994	1996
AFN	1896	I4T	81	110	Gorofu, Vento, Passat, Sharan	1995	1999
IGA	1896	I4T	66	90	Polo, Gorofu, Jetta	1999	2001
AHF	1896	I4T	81	110	Gorofu, Jetta	1997	2006
AHH	1896	I4T	66	90	Kare	1996	2000
AJM	1896	I4T	85	116	Gorofu, Jetta, Passat	1998	2002
AJS	1896	I4T	230	313	phaeton	2002	2006
AKN	4921	V10T	110	150	Kare	1999	2003
ASI	2496	V6T	66	90	Polo, Jetta, Caddy	1997	1999
ALH	1896	I4T	66	90	Polo, Gorofu, Jetta, New Beetle	1997	2004
ARL	1896	I4T	110	150	Gorofu, Jetta	2000	2006
ASV	1896	I4T	81	110	Polo, Gorofu, Jetta	1999	2006

Vhidhiyo: Volkswagen W8 injini kushanda

Volkswagen W8 injini

Mafekitori anogadzira injini dzemotokari dzeVolkswagen

Volkswagen Group ndiyo hombe automaker munyika. Nhamba yevashandi ndeye 370 zviuru zvevanhu vanoshanda pamiti ye61 munyika gumi neshanu dzeEurope, North uye South America, Asia neAfrica. Kusvika 15 mota dzinogadzirwa pagore uye dzinotengeswa munyika zana nemakumi mashanu. Nzvimbo huru dzekugadzirwa kweVolkswagen powertrains ndeidzi:

1. Volkswagen chirimwa muChemnitz. Icho chikamu cheVolkswagen Sachsen GmbH. Inogadzira ina-cylinder peturu uye dizeli injini ine yakananga mafuta jekiseni uye zvikamu zveTSI zvikamu. Inogadzira injini dzinosvika zviuru makumi mashanu neshanu pagore. Inoonekwa sepakati pehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza matekinoroji. Kutarisisa kwakawanda kunobhadharwa kunyaya dzekudzikisa kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza kwekubuda, nekutarisa kuCO.₂. Chigadzirwa chacho chinoshandisa vanhu vanosvika 1000.
   

   Nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi kubva kuchirimwa cheChemnitz dzakaita basa rinotungamira mukusimudzira tekinoroji yedhiziri yenjanji
2. Volkswagen fekitari muDresden. Yakatangwa muna December 2001. Inosanganisira VW Phaeton nzvimbo yegungano ine yakagadzirwa nemaoko yakasarudzika yemukati. Inenge mota 6000 dzinogadzirwa pagore. Inoona pfungwa yekubatanidza conveyor uye basa remaoko. Mutengi anogona kuona kufambira mberi kwekuungana kwemota munzvimbo yekugadzira ye55000 m.². Motokari yakapedzwa yakamirira muridzi mushongwe yegirazi 40 metres yakakwirira. Kambani iyi inoshandisa vanhu vanenge 800.
   

   Dresden chirimwa chinosanganisira VW Phaeton nzvimbo yegungano ine yakagadzirwa nemaoko yakasarudzika yemukati
3. Volkswagen fekitori muSalzgitter. Ndiyo yakakura injini inogadzira pasi rose. Zuva nezuva panzvimbo ye2,8 miriyoni m² inosvika zviuru zvinomwe zvepeturu uye injini dzedhiziri dzakaunganidzwa mumhando mazana matatu nemakumi manomwe eVW, Audi, Seat, Škoda nePorsche Cayenne. Iyo inozivikanwa nemuenzaniso wegumi nematanhatu-cylinder simba unit ine simba re 7 litres. With. yeBugatti Veyron. Mukuwedzera, inogadzira zvikamu zveinjini kune mamwe maindasitiri. Iyo 370 miriyoni injini ichangobva kuburitswa (yakazove iyo EA1000 TDI unit yeVW Gorofu itsva). Chigadzirwa ichi chine vanhu vanosvika zviuru zvitanhatu.
   

   Iyo Volkswagen chirimwa muSalzgitter ndiyo hombe inogadzira injini munyika.
4. Volkswagen chirimwa muKaluga. Iyo iri muGrabzevo tekinoroji park muKaluga. Ndiyo nzvimbo yekugadzira yeVolkswagen muRussia. Dyara nenzvimbo ye30 zviuru m² inopa injini kune ese maRussia-akaungana Volkswagen mota. Iyo yekugadzira simba ndeye 150 zviuru injini pagore. Muna 2016, kugadzirwa kwechirimwa kwakaverengera 30% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemotokari muRussia dzine injini dzakagadzirwa munharaunda.
   

   Iyo chirimwa muKaluga inopa injini kune ese maRussia-akaungana Volkswagen mota

Makondirakiti injini

Chero injini ine hupenyu hwesevhisi hushoma. Mushure mechinhu ichi, muridzi wemotokari anogona:

• kuita kugadziridza kukuru kweinjini yekuzvarwa;
• kutenga pasi pechibvumirano muEurope kana America uye kuisa injini yakashandiswa.

Iyo mota yekontrakiti inoenderana zvizere nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi, inhengo yekushanda yakabviswa kubva mumotokari yakafanana.

Yese injini dzekondirakiti dzakaedzwa kusati kwatengeswa. Vatengesi vanowanzo gadzirisa masisitimu ese, ita kuyedza kumhanya uye kuvimbisa kushanda kusina dambudziko uye hupenyu hurefu hwebasa. Pamusoro peinjini dzechibvumirano, magwaro ehunyanzvi, zvakabatanidzwa uye zvinhu zvinokwirisa zvinosanganisirwa.

Kugadziriswa kweinjini yemotokari hakusi nguva dzose kunokurudzirwa. Kunyanya kana iyi modhi yatove kunze kwekugadzirwa.

Saka, shamwari yaizivikanwa yaive neyako yekutanga Volkswagen Gorofu 1.4 ine bhuku rekufambisa muna 1994. Muchina uyu wakashandiswa kwegore rose uye pamukana wese. Dzimwe nguva, yakatakurwa kusvika painogumira. Mota yekare nekuomerwa yakapfuura inokwira neinjini haisi yekutanga kutsva. Muchina, kunyange wakatsiga, asi wakakura. Mumakore mashanu emuridzi akachinja clutch basket uye kuburitsa kuburitsa. Mabhandi enguva uye rollers anoonekwa seanobatika. Yakarongwa kushandura mapistoni uye kuita shanduko huru yeinjini nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemafuta, uye yakaderera thrust. Asi pane imwe yenzendo dzacho, haana kuchengeta tembiricha uye akapisa injini zvokuti akafambisa musoro wake. Kugadziriswa kwakasvika kunosvika 80 muzana yemutengo wemotokari. Uyu ndiwo mutengo wepamusoro wemotokari yakashandiswa, kwete kuverenga nguva inoshandiswa pakugadzirisa, kutsvaga zvikamu zvepakutanga kana zvakafanana zvakafanana. Ipapo isu takanga tisina ruzivo nezve mukana wekutsiva injini neseti yakakwana. Zvino vaisazombofunga nezvazvo.

Zvakanakira injini yakatengwa pasi pechibvumirano ndeiyi:

• fekitari quality;
• shanda pamafuta emhando yepamusoro;
• kupfeka zvishoma;
• guru rekushandisa rekushandisa;
• kushandiswa kwemafuta emhando yepamusoro;
• kuva nehanya kubva kune vekare varidzi;
• kunyatsoteerera mitemo yekuchengetedza;
• mutengesi sevhisi;
• mutengo wakaderera uchienzaniswa neyuniti itsva.

Kuipa kweinjini dzakadaro kunosanganisira:

• high mileage yemotokari dzekunze;
• kusakwanisa kutarisa hupenyu hwebasa;
• kushaikwa kwezvivimbiso zvekuti aimbove muridzi achatevedzera zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri.

Iwe haufanirwe kutenga magetsi emagetsi anopfuura makore manomwe. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune injini dzedhiziri.

Volkswagen injini upenyu uye mugadziri garandi

Kusarudza dhigirii yekupfeka injini kwakaoma, nekuti zvinoenderana ne:

• zviwanikwa zvinodzorwa nemugadziri;
• kushanda mamiriro;
• mutoro wemotokari;
• maitiro ekutyaira.

Volkswagen inovimbisa kuti chikamu chega chega uye gungano remotokari rinosangana nezviyero. Waranti iyi inoshanda kwegore rimwe kana 20 km (chero ipi yakaitika kutanga) kubva pazuva rekutengwa kwezvikamu zvega uye kwemakore mana kana 4 km yemotokari yese.

Kushaikwa kwekutarisa kwakakodzera kune injini kunomhanyisa kupfeka kwayo.

Iyo yakavimbika michina haikonzeri dambudziko nekuwedzera kupfeka kwezvikamu nekugara kutsiva mafuta einjini.

Warranty inogumiswa muzviitiko zvinokonzerwa ne:

• kushandiswa zvisina kunaka;
• kuregeredza panguva yekushanda;
• kuchinja uye kugadziriswa kwezvikamu nemagungano;
• gadziriso yakaitwa zvisizvo;
• kururamisa kusina kururama kwemanode ega;
• kukuvadza nemaune kune zvikamu;
• kushandisa zvikamu uye zvinoshandiswa zvisingaenderane nemuenzaniso uyu;
• kushandiswa kwemotokari nekuda kwemakwikwi uye kunze kwenzira;
• kusatevedzera zvinokurudzirwa nguva dzebasa uye zvinodiwa zvekushanda;
• kudhumhana nezvinhu;
• kuparadza kwevamwe;
• kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza;
• mafashamo;
• tsaona;
• moto.

Operation Tips

Paunenge uchitenga mota nyowani kuti uwedzere hupenyu hweinjini, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuterera kune zvinotevera pfungwa:

1. Chiuru chemakiromita ekutanga pamotokari itsva haifaniri kufambiswa nekumhanya kukuru. Iyo crankshaft yekumhanyisa haifanirwe kudarika 75% yehukuru hunogona kukosha. Zvikasadaro, kushandiswa kwemafuta kuchawedzera uye kupfeka kwemukati memasilinda kuchatanga. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya sosi yesimba remagetsi.
2. Injini inofanira kudziya isati yatyaira. Ichi chimiro chakanyanya kukosha kune turbo injini uye dizeli injini.
3. Muinjini nyowani dzedhiziri, mwero wemafuta unofanirwa kutariswa pane imwe neimwe refueling.
4. Nguva yekugadzirisa injini inokurudzirwa neVolkswagen inofanira kunyatsocherechedzwa.

Kuzviongorora kweinjini

Mumotokari yemazuva ano, injini yekudzora unit inodzora kushanda kwema sensors uye zvinhu zvikuru. Zvinogoneka malfunctions zvinoratidzwa nemarambi echiratidzo muchikwata chezviridzwa - semuenzaniso, iyo Check Engine chiratidzo. Uye zvakare, kuburikidza neyakajairwa OBD-II chiteshi, unogona kubatanidza michina yekuongorora uye kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama nezvekushanda kwemasisitimu ega nekuverenga zvikanganiso.

Kuzviongorora pachako kunokubvumira kuti udzivise mamwe mari kana uchishanyira sevhisi yemotokari

Kugara kumaruwa, haugari uine nguva nemukana wekushanyira nzvimbo yebasa. Asi iwe haufanirwe kushivirira kusashanda, nekuti ipapo pachava nemamwe matambudziko. Saka, iyo yekuongorora scanner yakandibatsira pakuona yakashata yekugogodza sensor ine kodhi P0326 "Sigina kunze kwerenji". Mukuwedzera, iyo adapta yakabatsira kuona yakazvimiririra nzvimbo ine dambudziko ine anenge akasakara mabhurashi ejenareta. Code P0562 yakaziviswa nezve yakaderera voltage level ye-on-board network. Mhinduro yedambudziko yaive yekutsiva "tablet" nekopi nyowani. Kushandiswa kwe scanner kunyangwe mune yekukanganisa kuverenga mode kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzoreredza mamiriro ekutanga ejini kiyi zvikamu. Uye dzimwe nguva zvaive zvakakwana kugadzirisa zvikanganiso zvepa-board komputa pakaonekwa kusashanda zvakanaka kuitira kurova nzira zvinyoro.

Zvishandiso zvinodikanwa zvekuongorora

Kuongorora komputa iwe uchada:

• mudziyo wekuongorora unoenderana nemagetsi emotokari;
• komputa kana smartphone kuti unyore ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa.

Kuburikidza neyakajairwa OBD-II chiteshi, unogona kubatanidza diagnostic adapta uye uwane ruzivo rwakadzama nezve mashandiro ezvimwe zvinhu zvemotokari.

Troubleshooting algorithm yeOBD-II diagnostic adapta

1. Batanidza adapta nemotokari yakadzima.
2. Isa scanner muOBD-2 port.
   
   

   Kuburikidza neyakajairwa chinongedzo, unogona kubatanidza akasiyana ekuongorora maturusi
3. Batidza ignition. Iyo scanner yakabatana inobatidza yega.
   

   Nenhamba yakawanda yeadhaputa mabasa, mikana yekuona zvikanganiso zvakavanzika inowedzerwa
4. Tsvaga mudziyo wekuvheneka pakombuta kana smartphone - ichatsanangurwa seyakajairwa COM port yekubatanidza kana mudziyo webluetooth.
   

   Iyo purogiramu inobvumira chero muridzi wemotokari kuti anzwisise zvikonzero zvekutadza kweinjini

Volkswagen injini kutonhora system

Kushanda kwakatsetseka kweinjini dzeVolkswagen kunonyanya kutariswa nekubudirira uye kuvimbika kweiyo inotonhorera sisitimu, inova dunhu rakavharwa rinobatanidza magetsi unit, radiator uye mapaipi. Inotonhorera (inotonhorera) inotenderera kuburikidza nedunhu iri. Mvura inopisa inotonhorera mu radiator. Hwaro hweinotonhorera ndeye ethylene glycol, iyo yakagadzikana pamusoro pehupamhi hwekushisa. Mugadziri anokurudzira kushandisa chete mamwe mabhureki ezvinotonhodza.

Injini inotonhodza kazhinji ine ruvara saka chero inovuza iri nyore kuona.

Injini inotonhorera system idunhu rakavharwa iro antifreeze inotenderedzwa nechisimba: 1 - radiator; 2 - pombi; 3 - fan; 4 - thermostat; 5 - mukati heater; 6 - cabin hita valve; 7 - injini; 8 - nzira yekuyerera kwemhepo

Pombi yemvura inopa kutenderera kwekumanikidza kweanotonhodza kuburikidza nemhepo inotonhorera uye inofambiswa nebhandi. Mapaipi einjini yekutonhodza yeVolkswagen anosanganisira hose, radiator uye tangi yekuwedzera. Zvishandiso zvekudzora tembiricha zvinosanganisira masensa, thermostat, radiator uye tembiricha yetangi chivharo uye fan. Zvese izvi zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakazvimiririra zvemagetsi unit. Kudzora tembiricha inobvumidza iwe kugadzirisa mashandiro einjini uye kuumbwa kwemagasi ekupedza.

Kutonhodza system malfunctions

Mazhinji matambudziko ehurongwa hwekutonhodza ndiwo mhedzisiro yekushaikwa kwekuchengetedza kwakaringana kwezvinhu zvayo uye kutsiva kusingatarisirwe kweinotonhorera. Radiator nemapombi zviri pasi pekupfeka, zvichideredza kutonhora kunoshanda.

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekusashanda zvakanaka makwapa madiki ekutonhodza pasi pemotokari mushure mekupaka kwehusiku uye kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kwekutonhorera paunenge uchityaira.

Matambudziko anowanzo kutonhora system ndeaya:

• yakaderera inotonhorera level, inotungamira pakuonekwa kwehomwe dzemhepo, kupisa uye kukurumidza kuora kwenzvimbo dzakafumurwa dzesimbi;
• kushandiswa kwekutonhora kwemhando yakaderera kana mhando isingakurudzirwe nemugadziri;
• kuvuza kana kuvhara kwe radiator uye tangi yekuwedzera;
• mvura yakasara muhurongwa mushure mekuibvisa;
• kukanganisa kwebhanhire rekufambisa pombi yemvura;
• coolant leak.

Nechimiro chekupararira kwemvura, unogona kuona nzvimbo yekudonha

Iwe haufanirwe kuseka neinotonhora sisitimu, saka iwe unofanirwa kutarisa nguva nenguva nhanho yemvura.

Kana injini ichipisa zvakanyanya, musoro we cylinder unogona kukanganisa uye kushanda kwechisimbiso gasket kuchaderera.

Dambudziko-kupfura

Iwe unogona kuchengeta yako yekutonhodza sisitimu iri muhurongwa hwakanaka hwekushanda nekutevera aya akareruka maitiro:

• kuongororwa kwezuva nezuva kwehurongwa hwekudonha kunotonhorera;
• kutonga kwekuumbwa kweinotonhorera, kusabatanidzwa kwemvura inopinda muhurongwa;
• kupera kwakakwana kwehurongwa mushure mekudhonza yekare inotonhorera;
• periodic kuchenesa radiator kubva pamashizha, marara uye tsvina;
• nguva nenguva tarisa kushushikana uye mamiriro ebhandi rekufambisa pombi.

Vhidhiyo: kugadzirisa inotonhorera inodonha paVW Jetta

VW Jetta Coolant Leak Repair

Kudzivirira kutonhora system kunosanganisira zvinotevera zviito:

• periodic kuchenesa yejini compartment;
• inotonhorera kutsiva makore mashanu oga oga;
• kutsiva hoses makore maviri oga oga;
• thermostat kutsiva pane yakakwirira injini tembiricha;
• tension kugadzirisa uye kuchinjwa nenguva kwebhandi repombi yemvura;
• kutsiva pombi pazviratidzo zvekutanga zvekusashanda zvakanaka;
• kutarisa uye kutsiva iyo inotonhora feni uye tembiricha sensors nekuderera kunononoka kweinjini tembiricha.

Zviripachena, kushanda-kusina kunetseka kweiyo inotonhorera system kunogoneka chete nekushanda kwakaringana kwemamwe masisitimu uye zvikamu zveVolkswagen mota.

Saka, huwandu hweinjini dzeVolkswagen kunetsekana kwakapamhama. Mumwe nemumwe angave muridzi wemotokari anogona kusarudza chikamu chemagetsi zvinoenderana nezvido zvavo, kugona kwemari uye mamiriro ekushanda kwemotokari.