Wipers: dambudziko diki asi rakakosha

Wipers chinhu chisingaoneki, asi chakakosha zvikuru chemotokari. Zvakabva zvabuda pachena kuti zvaisaita kuchovha pasina ivo.

Mawipers emagetsi ekutanga injini yakaonekwa mumotokari dzeOpel. Iyo 1928 Opel sports convertible yaitove neimwe. wipers. Kusiyana nemaitiro edu ruoko rwakanga rwakanamirwa pamusoro pegirazi. Ipapo paitoda simba shoma kufambisa wiper.

Mawiper emota angangoita makore zana. Yekutanga yaive patented muna 100 naBaron Heinrich von Preussen. “Rudzi rwake rwokuchenesa” rwaifanira kufambiswa nemaoko, saka aiwanzowira pamusoro pevakwiri. Kunyange zvazvo pfungwa yacho pachayo yakanga isinganyanyi kushanda, yakavandudza mufananidzo wemotokari - yakanga iri nyore kushandisa mumamiriro ekunze akaipa.

Nenguva isipi muAmerica, hurongwa hwakagadzirwa hunosunungura vafambi kubva kumabasa ekutyaira wipers. Dzaifambiswa nepneumatic mechanism. Sezvineiwo, yaingoshanda kana yakamira, nekuti mota yaimhanya yaifamba zvishoma nezvishoma. Muna 1926, Bosch yakaunza ma wipers ane mota. Yekutanga yakaiswa pamotokari dzeOpel, asi vese vanogadzira vakazvizivisa mugore rimwe chete.

Mawiper ekutanga aive akaiswa kudivi remutyairi chete. Kumutakuri, chaive midziyo yekusarudzika inowanikwa chete mushanduro yemanyorero.

Pakutanga, meti yacho yaingova tsvimbo yakavharwa nerabha. Yakashanda zvakanaka pamahwindo akafuratira. Zvisinei, apo motokari dzine mahwindo akaputika dzakatanga kugadzirwa, mawiper aifanira kugadzirwa kuti aenderane nechimiro chegirazi remhepo. Nhasi, mubato unobatwa panzvimbo nenhevedzano yemaoko nemakumbo.

Imwe "windshield washer" yaive windshield washer system, yakaunzwawo naBosch. Zvakazoitika kuti rug haisi nyore sezvainoratidzika. Nokudaro, zvitsva zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaunzwa mu60s, kusanganisira aerodynamic shape ye wipers. Muna 1986, mawipers emhepo akaunzwa ane spoiler akaatsikirira pamhepo paanenge achityaira zvakanyanya.

Kusvikira nhasi, hwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemakumbo ndeye rubber yechisikigo, kunyange nhasi iyo ennobled nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuwedzera, uye chimiro cheminhenga chinosarudzwa uchishandisa makombiyuta.

Zvichiwedzera, zvigadzirwa zve otomatiki zviri kuwedzera kuwanda, izvo zvinobatidza wipers kana madonhwe emvura achionekwa pamhepo uye kugadzirisa kumhanya kwewiper zvichienderana nekusimba kwekunaya kwemvura. Saka munguva pfupi ticharega kufunga nezvavo zvachose.

Chengetedza micheto

Isu tinoteerera kune mamiriro emawipers chete kana pasina chero chinhu chekuona nepamahwindo ane tsvina, anonaya mvura. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera kwema wipers, ino nguva inogona kunonoka zvakanyanya.

Maererano nekuona kweBosch, wipers muWestern Europe inoshandurwa gore rega rega, muPoland - makore matatu ega ega. Hupenyu hweragi hunofungidzirwa kune vangangoita 125. cycles, i.e. mwedzi mitanhatu yekushandiswa. Zvisinei, ivo vanowanzotsiviwa gare gare, nokuti chiono chinova chinoshandiswa kumamiriro ezvinhu akashata uye akaipa zvikuru uye tinocherekedza mawipers bedzi apo anenge asakara zvikuru uye nzvimbo dzisina kuchena dzichioneka zvakajeka, uye wiper haichaunganidzi mvura yakawanda kudaro; asi zvizore pagirazi.

Mamiriro emupendero we wiper ane simba guru pane wiper performance. Saka zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti usakonzeresa kukuvadza kusingakoshi kana machipisi. Izvi zvinogona kuitika, semuenzaniso, kana mawipers emhepo akavhurwa kana mhepo yaoma. Micheto yadzo ipapo yaibvarura girazi, rakafukidzwa neguruva sepepa rejecha, richisakara zvakapetwa ka25 kupfuura kana rakatota. Kune rumwe rutivi, rug yakaoma inobvisa guruva uye ichikwesha pamusoro pegirazi, ichisiya mavanga. Muzuva kana mumagetsi emotokari inobva kune imwe nzira, mushure mechinguva tinogona kuona network yezvinyorwa zviduku, izvo mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro zvakanyanya kukanganisa kuonekwa.

Saka unofanira kushandisa sprayers. Ita shuwa kuti dzine mvura chaiyo. Mvura isina kukodzera inogona kuita nerabha uye kukuvadza nib.

Paunenge uchigeza mota yako, zvakakoshawo kupukuta mashizha ako ekupukuta sezvavanounganidza zvipembenene zvakasara uye guruva, izvo zvinokanganisa mipendero uye kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka.

Kana zvikaitika kuti wiper inotonhora kune windshield, usabvarura. Kutanga, nokuti mupendero waro wakaputsika, uchisiya mitsetse yemvura isina kushambwa pagirazi. Chechipiri, nekudhonza nesimba, tinogona kukotamisa maoko esimbi yekupukuta. Ichave isingaoneki kune ziso, asi wiper haingakodzeri zvakakwana kune girazi, saka pachava nemamwe mitsetse.

Hapana anokahadzika kuti wipers anokanganisa kuoneka. Asi vanogonawo kuwedzera kuneta kwekutyaira, sezvo kuona mugwagwa nepamahwindo ane "tinted" nedhaka kana akafukidzwa nemajeti emvura anosvibisa chifananidzo kunoda kutarisisa uye kushanda nesimba. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuchengeta maragi ndiko kutarisira kuchengeteka kwako.

Nyowani pasekondari

Bosch yakaunza chizvarwa chitsva chemawiper ari kutengeswa muPoland.

Aerotwin wipers anosiyana kubva kune echinyakare wipers munzira dzese - kunyanya akasiyana chimiro chebhurashi uye chibatiso chinovatsigira. Bosch yakaunza ma wipers maviri muna 1994. Iyo brashi inogadzirwa nemhando mbiri dzerabha. Chikamu chezasi che wiper chakaoma, uye kumucheto kwebrashi kunochenesa girazi zvakanyanya. Iyo inobatanidza kune armrest kuburikidza neyakapfava, yakanyanya kuchinjika yekumusoro, ichibvumira mat kuti ikwane zvirinani pane windshield. Munyaya yeAerotwin, lever yakashandurwa zvakare. Panzvimbo pesimbi inodzikamisa bhaa, kune mbariro mbiri dzezvinhu zvinochinjika, uye maoko nemahinji zvinotsiviwa nemuparadzi anochinjika. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo wiper iri nani kudzvanywa kurwisa windshield. Kuwedzera kunyange simba kugovera kunowedzera hupenyu ne30%, uye chimiro chewiper chinoderedza kupikisa kwemhepo ne25%, izvo zvinoderedza ruzha. Iyo dhizaini yebhuraketi inobvumidza iwe kuiviga pasi pechivharo cheinjini kana isiri kushanda.

Wipers yemhando iyi yakaiswa mumotokari dzinodhura kubva muna 1999 (kunyanya pamotokari dzeGermany - Mercedes, Audi neVolkswagen, asiwo paSkoda Superb uye Renault Vel Satis). Nekudaro, kusvika parizvino havasati vawanikwa kunze kwetiweki yezviteshi zvebasa zvakabvumidzwa zvevagadziri vemotokari vanovashandisa. Dzave kuwanikwa muzvitoro zvinotengesa hose nezvitoro.

Bosch inofungidzira kuti panosvika 2007, 80% yerudzi urwu rwe wiper inenge ichishandiswa. ed.

Kumusoro kwechinyorwa