Dual liability richiri dambudziko
Hurukuro naAlexandra Viktorova, Insurance Ombudsman.
Mumushumo wezviitwa zveInsurance Commissioner kwehafu yekutanga yegore tinoverenga izvozvo pamusoro pe50 muzana yezvichemo zvine chekuita neinishuwarenzi yemotokari, mazhinji acho ane chekuita neinishuwarenzi inomanikidzwa yechitatu bato.
Ndezvipi zvakaipa izvo vatyairi vanonyunyuta nazvo?
- Muna 2011, Hofisi yeInishuwarenzi Ombudsman yakagamuchira zvinopfuura zviuru gumi nezvina zvichemo zvakanyorwa mumatambudziko ega ega mumunda weinishuwarenzi yebhizinesi, uye muhafu yekutanga yegore rino maive ne14 7443. Chokwadi, inopfuura hafu yavo ine chekuita neinishuwarenzi yemotokari - kunyanya inomanikidzirwa yeinishuwarenzi yevaridzi vemotokari uye inishuwarenzi yemotokari yekuzvidira. inishuwarenzi yemotokari.
Mainishuwarenzi anowanzo kunyunyuta pamusoro pezvinonzi. dual liability insurance, kushevedzera kwekambani yeinishuwarenzi kubhadhara miripo inokonzerwa nekuverengazve, pamwe nemitengo yakapfuura, pamwe nematambudziko ekuwana kudzoserwa kwechikamu chisina kushandiswa chemutengo mushure mekutengeswa kwemotokari.
Nekune rimwe divi, vanhu vari kuda muripo kubva kune veinishuwarenzi vanoratidza muzvichemo zvavo kuramba kubhadhara muripo, kunonoka mukugadzirisa, kuomerwa nekupa mukana wekuwana zvinhu zvekuripa kukuvara, ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pemagwaro anodiwa maererano nechikumbiro chakabviswa. , uye kusimbiswa kusingavimbiki nevanochengetedza zvinzvimbo zvavo zvose pakuramba uye pahuwandu hwemuripo. Matambudziko anoshumwa ane chekuita, pakati pevamwe, nekusarudzika kusingabvumidzwe kwekukuvadzwa kwemotokari seyakazara, kunyangwe mutengo wekugadzirisa usina kudarika kukosha kwayo kwemusika, kushomeka kwekukosha kwemotokari mudunhu isati yakuvadzwa uye kuwedzeredza mutengo wetsaona. , huwandu hwemuripo kana munhu akakuvara, kudzoserwa kwemitengo yekurenda yekutsiva mota, kodzero yemunhu akabatwa kusarudza pasarudzo yemhando yezvikamu zvakashandiswa kugadzirisa mota, kutendeseka kwekushandiswa kwezvipfeko zvakapfekwa nemainishuwarenzi, nyaya dzemuripo wekurasikirwa kwekukosha kwekutengesa kwemotokari, inoda kuratidzwa kwemainvoice ekutanga anoratidza rudzi uye kwakabva kutengwa kwezvikamu zvakasara, kuderedzwa kwemitengo yebasa remuviri uye pendi, uye kusasanganisa VAT sechikamu chemuripo.
Onawo: Kupera kwezvirevo zviviri. Guide
Makambani einishuwarenzi achiri kushandisa zvinotsiva zvakachipa kubvisa kurasikirwa. Munyori wenhau anozviona sei?
- Panyaya yeinishuwarenzi yevatatu, kambani yeinishuwarenzi iri pasi pemutemo wakazara wemuripo unobva kuCivil Code. Sezvo mutemo, uyo akakuvadzwa ane kodzero yekudzorera chinhu chakakanganisika kune mamiriro ayo ekare, i.e. Kugadziriswa kwemotokari kunofanira kuitwa maererano nekombiyuta inopiwa nemugadziri wayo, nenzira inovimbisa kuchengeteka uye unhu hwakakodzera. yekushanda kwayo kwaitevera. Nokudaro, maonero, ayo anonyanya kukosha mumutemo wematare edzimhosva, anofanira kutsigirwa, kuti munhu akakuvara ane kodzero yekukumbira muripo zvichienderana nemitengo yezvikamu zvepakutanga kubva kumugadziri wemotokari, kana zvikamu zvakadaro zvakakuvadzwa. uye izvi zvakafanira. vatsive. Zvisinei, mari yekugadzirisa motokari haigoni kudarika kukosha kwayo kwemusika isati yaparara, uye kugadzirisa kwakadaro hakufaniri kukonzera kupfumisa kwemunhu anenge abatwa.
Zvakanaka kuziva: Ndiani anotsiva mota??
Mubvunzo wekuti ungaziva sei huwandu hwemuripo wekukuvadzwa kwemotokari inonzi pasi pekumanikidzwa kweinishuwarenzi yemhosva inosungirwa zvakare ine chekuita nemubvunzo wekuti inishuwarenzi inogona kuderedza mitengo yezvimedu zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa mota yakakuvadzwa. motokari nokuda kwezera rayo, iro mukuita rinonzi depreciation. Dare Repamusorosoro, richipindura chikumbiro changu, rakatonga munyaya iyi musi waApril 12, 2012 (No. III ChZP 80/11) kuti kambani yeinishuwarenzi inosungirwa, pakukumbirwa kwomunhu wacho, kubhadhara muripo unovhara nemaune uye mune zveupfumi. mari inodiwa yezvikamu zvitsva uye zvinhu zvekugadzirisa motokari yakakanganisika, uye chete kana inshurensi inoratidza kuti izvi zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kwekukosha kwemotokari, mubairo unogona kuderedzwa nemari inoenderana nekuwedzera uku. Mukutsigira mutongo, Dare Repamusorosoro rakasimbisa kuti zvigadziro zvinoshanda hazvina kupa zvikonzero zvekuderedza muripo wemusiyano pakati pekukosha kwechikamu chitsva uye kukosha kwechikamu chakakanganisika. Bato rakakuvara rine kodzero yekutarisira kugamuchira kubva kune inshurensi mari inovhara mutengo wezvikamu zvitsva, kuiswa kwacho kunofanirwa kudzorera mota kune iyo nyika iyo yaive isati yakuvadzwa.
Zvakajairika kuti veinishuwarenzi vanyunyute pamusoro pezviito zvekusavimbika kana varasikirwa zvachose. Veinishuwarenzi vanobhadhara muripo kubvisa mutengo wemotokari yakakuvadzwa zvakanyanya, tsaona. Iwe unofunga kuti makambani einishuwarenzi anofanira kutora motokari "yakaedzwa" uye kubhadhara zvakakwana? Panewo nyaya dzekuchengetedza. Dzinenge mota dzese dzinozivikanwa neveinishuwarenzi sedzarasika zvachose dzinodzoserwa mumigwagwa. Aya maitiro akarurama here?
- Nezve inshuwarisi yemhosva, kurasikirwa kwese kwemotokari kunoitika kana ichinge yakuvadzwa zvokuti haigoni kugadziriswa, kana kukosha kwayo kunodarika kukosha kwemotokari isati yasangana. Kuwanda kwemuripo ndiyo mari inoenderana nemusiyano mukukosha kwemotokari isati yaitika uye mushure menjodzi. Iyo inshurensi inosungirwa kunyatsoona huwandu hwemuripo uye kubhadhara mari inoenderana. Izvi zvinogona kana kusabatsira munhu akuvara kuwana mutengi wemota yavo. Kuchinja mutemo kuitira kuti muridzi wemotokari yakakuvadzwa apfuure kune inshuwarisi nekuda kwechiito chacho pachayo chingave chisarudzo chisiri icho, kana nekuda kwekupindira kwakanyanya kwekodzero dzakachengetedzwa nebumbiro remitemo, asiwo nekuda kwekukakavadzana kunogara kuchiitika. uku kurasikirwa kunofanira kuve kwakakodzerwa sekuzara, uye kune kusava nechokwadi kwevakakuvara mapato nezve kurongeka kwekufungidzira kwakagadzirirwa neinishuwarenzi.
Onawo: Matambudziko neanofungidzira
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti, maererano nemitemo yemazuva ano, muridzi wemotokari, umo zvinhu zvemutakuri, mabhureki kana gadziriro yakagadziridzwa, iyo yakasimuka semugumisiro wechiitiko chakavharwa nekontrakiti yemotokari yemotokari kana yechitatu. inishuwarenzi yemhosva, inosungirwa kuita imwe ongororo yehunyanzvi, inoteverwa nekuzivisa nezve iyi kambani yeinishuwarenzi. Kunyatsoshandiswa kwechirongwa ichi kwaizodzivirira kudzoka mumigwagwa yemotokari dzinenge dzapinda mutsaona, kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuita izvo zvinounza njodzi kune njodzi mumigwagwa.
Chii chekutarisa kana uchisarudza kupihwa kweinishuwarenzi yehurumende yevaridzi vemotokari, iyo inonzi. Auto liability insurance?
-Misimboti yekupedzisa inomanikidzirwa yechitatu bato reinishuwarenzi yevaridzi vemotokari uye chiyero cheinishuwarenzi iyi inodzorwa neCompulsory Inishuwarenzi Mutemo. Naizvozvo, zvisinei kuti ndeipi kambani yeinishuwarenzi iyo muridzi wemotokari anosarudza, achawana inshuwarisi yakafanana. Nokudaro, zvingaita sekuti chirevo chega chinosiyanisa kupiwa kwevaiti veinishuwarenzi mutengo, ndiko kuti, ukuru hwemubhadharo. Nekudaro, mamwe makambani einishuwarenzi anopa imwe chiyero chedziviriro sebhonasi kune inomanikidzwa inishuwarenzi, senge inishuwarenzi yekubatsira. Mukuwedzera, maitiro ekuita zvibvumirano neveinishuwarenzi ega ega anogona kusiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uye mari yakaderera, zvinosuruvarisa, haisi nguva dzose inosanganiswa nehupamhi hwebasa. Mishumo yenguva nenguva yandinoburitsa inoratidza kuti nhamba yezvichemo zvakamhan'arwa kune mamwe makambani einishuwarenzi inodarika chikamu chavo chemusika. Zvichemo izvi hazvingorevi kushomeka kwekukuvadzwa nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemunhu akabatwa, asiwo matambudziko nekugumiswa kwekondirakiti kana kukakavara pamusoro pehuwandu hwemutengo. Nokudaro, pakusarudza inshuwarisi, zvakakosha kufunga kwete chete mutengo weinishuwarenzi, asiwo mukurumbira wekambani yeinishuwarenzi kana maonero evamwe vanozivana mune izvi.
Ndeipi nzira yekuisa chichemo kune inishuwarenzi ombudsman?
-Inishuwarenzi ombudsman inomiririra zvido zvevaridzi vemapurisa, vanhu vane inishuwarenzi, vanobatsirwa kana vanobatsirwa pasi pezvibvumirano zveinishuwarenzi, nhengo dzehomwe dzepenjeni, vatori vechikamu muzvirongwa zvepenjeni zvehunyanzvi uye vanhu vanogamuchira mari yemudyandigere kana vabatsiri vavo. Vanhu ava vane mukana wekundibata nechichemo pamusoro penyaya yavo. Nokuda kwekupindira, zvakakosha kutumira chichemo chakanyorwa kuhofisi yeinishuwarenzi ombudsman pakero: st. Jerusarema 44, 00-024 Warsaw. Chichemo chinofanirwa kusanganisira ruzivo rwako, sangano repamutemo rinoenderana nechikumbiro, inishuwarenzi kana nhamba yepolicy, uye pfupiso yezvechokwadi zvine chekuita nenyaya yacho, pamwe nezvikumbiro zvinopokana neinishuwarenzi uye nharo dzinotsigira chinzvimbo chako. . Iwe unofanirwawo kuisa zvinotarisirwa pamusoro pekuti nyaya yacho ichabatwa sei, i.e. ingave iri kupindira mune zvekambani yeinishuwarenzi kana kungotaura kwechinzvimbo panyaya yacho. Kunyunyuta kunofanirwa kuperekedzwa nefotokopi yetsamba nekambani yeinishuwarenzi uye mamwe magwaro akakodzera. Kana munyoreri achimiririra mumwe munhu, simba regweta rinomupa mvumo yekumiririra munhu iyeye rinofanirawo kuiswa.
Hofisi yeOmbudsman inopawo ruzivo uye mazano emahara parunhare uye mukupindura kubvunza e-mail. Rumwe ruzivo nezvenyaya iyi runogona kuwanikwa pawebhusaiti www.rzu.gov.pl.
Gore rakapera, pachikumbiro chemutauriri, Dare Repamusorosoro rakapa mutongo wokuti motokari yokutsiva ipihwe vanhu vakanga vawirwa nenjodzi. Izvi zvinoguma nei?
- Mumutongo waNovember 17, 2011 (ref. III CHZP 05/11 - ed. chinyorwa), Dare Repamusorosoro rakasimbisa kuti muinishuwarenzi yechitatu-party, mutoro weinishuwarenzi wekukuvadza kana kuparadzwa kwemotokari kwete. inoshandiswa pazvinangwa zvehurumende, inobhadhara mari yemaune uye ine chekuita nehupfumi pakuhaya motokari inotsiviwa, asi zvisingaenderane nekusakwanisa kwemunhu akabatwa chifambiso cheveruzhinji. Saka pfungwa yekuhaya mota yekutsiva haisi yekungoita bhizinesi chete, sezvakambotaurwa nemakambani einishuwarenzi, asiwo kuishandisa kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva. Dare rakapawo maonero edu ekuti kudzoserwa kwemutengo wekutsiva mota hakugone kuitwa zvinoenderana nekuti munhu akuvara anoratidza here kuti haakwanise kushandisa zvifambiso zveveruzhinji kana kuti haana kugadzikana kuzvishandisa. Sekureva kweDare Repamusorosoro, kuhaya mota inotsiviwa hakuna kunaka kana munhu akuvara aine imwe mota yemahara uye inogona kushandiswa, kana kuti asingadi kuishandisa nekuhaya imwe mota, kana kuti asina kuishandisa panguva yekugadzirisa. Inofanirawo kuyeukwa kuti motokari yakabhadharwa inofanira kuva yekirasi imwe chete nemotokari yakakuvadzwa, uye mari yekubhadhara inofanira kuenderana nemitengo chaiyo mumusika weko.
