Kureba kwayo ndiko kunogumira

Iyo limiter, kana limiter, inoonekwa samambo weese ma processor ane mutoro wekusimba uye ruzha rwechiratidzo. Uye kwete nekuti neimwe nzira yakanyanya kuoma kana kunetsa kushandisa (kunyangwe zvichiitika), asi nekuti inoona kuti basa redu richanzwika sei kumagumo.

Chii chinonzi limiter? Pakutanga, yainyanya kushandiswa paredhiyo, uyezve paterevhizheni, zviteshi zvekutepfenyura, zvichidzivirira vatakuri kubva kuchiratidzo chakasimba chaigona kuoneka pakupinza kwayo, kuchikonzera kuchekerera, uye muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa kunyange kukuvadza mupepeti. Iwe hauzomboziva zvinogona kuitika mu studio - maikorofoni inodonha, kushongedzwa kunowira, njanji ine yakakwira nhanho inopinda - chinomisikidza chinodzivirira pane izvi zvese, izvo, nemamwe mazwi, inomisa chiratidzo chechiratidzo pachikumbaridzo chakaiswa mairi. uye inodzivirira kuwedzera kwayo kukura.

Asi chinomisikidza, kana chinomisikidza muchiPolish, haingori chivharo chekuchengetedza. Vagadziri mumasitudiyo ekurekodha vakakurumidza kuona kugona kwake mumabasa akasiyana kwazvo. Mazuva ano, kunyanya muchikamu che mastering chatakakurukura mune gumi nemaviri ekupedzisira kana zvakadaro episodhi, inoshandiswa kuwedzera vhoriyamu inonzwisisika yemusanganiswa. Mhedzisiro yacho inofanira kunge ine ruzha, asi yakachena uye neruzha rwechisikigo rwemidziyo yemimhanzi, rudzi rwechitsvene cheinjiniya.

Compressor counter limiter

Iyo delimiter inowanzove yekupedzisira processor inosanganisirwa mune yapera rekodhi. Iyi imhando yekupedzisa, kubata kwekupedzisira uye chidimbu chevarnish chinopa zvose kupenya. Nhasi, zvinomisikidza pazvikamu zveanalogi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya semhando yakakosha yecompressor, iyo inogumira iyo iri shanduro yakagadziridzwa zvishoma. Iyo compressor inonyanya kuchenjerera nezvechiratidzo, iyo nhanho inodarika imwe yakatarwa pachikumbaridzo. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti ikure mberi, asi nekuwedzera uye kuwedzera kunyorova, chiyero cheiyo inotarirwa neRatio control. Semuenzaniso, chiyero che5: 1 chinoreva kuti chiratidzo chinodarika chikumbaridzo chekumanikidza ne5 dB chichawedzera kubuda kwayo ne1 dB chete.

Ikoko hakuna Ratio control mumuganhu, sezvo iyi parameter yakagadziriswa uye yakaenzana ne ∞: 1. Nokudaro, mukuita, hapana chiratidzo chine kodzero yekudarika chikumbaridzo chakaiswa.

Analog compressors/limiters vane rimwe dambudziko - havakwanise kupindura ipapo ipapo kune chiratidzo. Iko kunogara kune kumwe kunonoka mukushanda (mumichina yakanakisa ichave makumi akati wandei emamicroseconds), izvo zvinogona kureva kuti iyo "muurayi" nhanho yekunzwika ine nguva yekupfuura nemupurosesa akadaro.

Mavhezheni emazuva ano emhando yekumisikidza muchimiro cheUAD plugs yakavakirwa paUniversal Audio zvishandiso.

Nechikonzero ichi, zviridzwa zvedhijitari zvinoshandiswa neichi chinangwa mukugona uye munhepfenyuro dzemazuva ano. Vanoshanda nekunonoka, asi kutaura zvazviri, pamberi pehurongwa. Uku kupokana kuri pachena kunogona kutsanangurwa sezvizvi: chiratidzo chekuisa chinonyorerwa kune buffer uye chinoonekwa pane chinobuda mushure menguva yakati, kazhinji mashoma milliseconds. Naizvozvo, iyo limiter ichave nenguva yekuiongorora uye kugadzirira nemazvo kupindura kune kuitika kweyakanyanya nhanho. Iyi ficha inodaidzwa kunzi lookahead, uye ndiyo inoita kuti madhijitari aite semadziro ezvidhinha-saka zita ravo rinomboshandiswa-rinoshandiswa: madziro ezvidhinha.

Kunyungudika neruzha

Sezvatotaurwa, clipping ndiyo nzira yekupedzisira inoshandiswa kune yakagadziriswa chiratidzo. Dzimwe nguva zvinoitwa pamwe chete nekuita dithering kuderedza kudzika kubva pamakumi matatu nembiri mabhiti anowanzo shandiswa padanho re mastering kusvika kune akajairwa 32 bits, kunyangwe zvichiwedzera, kunyanya kana zvinhu zvagovaniswa online, zvinopera pamakumi maviri nemana.

Dithering hachisi chinhu kunze kwekuwedzera huwandu hudiki hweruzha kune chiratidzo. Nekuti kana 24-bit material ichida kugadzirwa kuita 16-bit, zvisere zvidiki-zvisina kukosha (kureva izvo zvine chekuita nekunyarara kwakanyarara) zvinongobviswa. Kuti kubviswa uku kusinganzwike zvakajeka sekukanganisa, ruzha rusina kurongeka rwunounzwa muchiratidzo, icho, sokunge, "kunyungudusa" ruzha rwakanyarara, zvichiita kuti kucheka kwezvimedu zvakaderera kunenge kusinganzwike, uye kana yatove, ipapo zvakanyanya. ndima dzakanyarara kana kuti ruzha, iyi ruzha rusina kujeka rwemumhanzi.

Tarisa pasi pevhavha

Nekumisikidza, mazhinji anomisikidza anoshanda pamusimboti wekusimudzira chiyero chechiratidzo, panguva imwe chete ichidzvanya masampuli nehupamhi hwepamusoro panguva ino neakaenzana nekuwana kubvisa iyo yakatarwa yepamusoro nhanho. Kana iwe ukaseta Gain, Threshold, Input in the limiter (kana chero imwe kukosha kwe "kudzika" kweiyo limiter, inova ndiyo nhanho yekuwana yechiratidzo chekuisa, inoratidzwa muma decibels), zvino mushure mekubvisa kubva kune iyi kukosha nhanho inotsanangurwa. se Peak , Limit, Output, etc. .d. (pano, zvakare, iyo nomenclature yakasiyana), somugumisiro, izvo zviratidzo zvichadzivirirwa, iyo iyo theoretical level yaizosvika 0 dBFS. Saka 3dB kuwana uye -0,1dB kuburitsa kunopa attenuation inoshanda ye3,1dB.

Mazuva ano madhijitari edhijitari anogona kudhura zvakanyanya, asi zvakare anoshanda zvakanyanya, seFab-Filter Pro-L inoratidzwa pano. Nekudaro, ivo vanogona zvakare kuve vakasununguka zvachose, vachiona zvakanyanya zvine mwero, uye mune dzakawanda zviitiko zvinongoshanda saThomas Mundt Loudmax.

Iyo limiter, inova rudzi rwecompressor, inongoshanda kune masaini pamusoro pechikumbaridzo chakatsanangurwa - mune iyo nyaya iri pamusoro, ichava -3,1 dBFS. Masampuli ese ari pasi pehukoshi uhwu anofanirwa kukwidziridzwa ne3 dB, i.e. idzo dziri pazasi pechikumbaridzo, mukuita, dzinenge dzakaenzana nenhanho yeruzha, yakanyoroveswa. Pachave zvakare neyakatodzika sampuli nhanho, inosvika -144 dBFS (ye24-bit zvinhu).

Nechikonzero ichi, iyo dithering process haifanirwe kuitwa pamberi pekupedzisira throttling process. Uye nechikonzero ichi izvo zvinomisikidza zvinopa dithering sechikamu chekudzikamisa maitiro.

Hupenyu hwemuenzaniso

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kwete zvakanyanya kune iyo chiratidzo pachayo, asi pakugamuchirwa kwayo nemuteereri, ndiwo anonzi mazinga ekuenzanisa. D/A converters, yagara inowanzoshandiswa mumidziyo yevatengi, inowanzosiyana kubva kune imwe uye kududzira chiratidzo chedhijitari zvakasiyana, inova chiratidzo chakatsikwa. Paunenge uchiedza kutsvedzerera aya "matanho" padivi reanalogi, zvinogona kuitika kuti inoshandura inoturikira imwe seti yeakatevedzana masampuli seyero ye AC voltage yakakwira kupfuura kukosha kwezita re0 dBFS. Nekuda kweizvozvo, clipping inogona kuitika. Kazhinji kazhinji ipfupi zvikuru kuti nzeve dzedu dzinzwe, asi kana idzi dzakamonyaniswa seti dzakawanda uye dzichigara dzichiitika, zvinogona kuita zvinonzwika pakunzwika. Vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa izvi nemaune, vachigadzira nemaune zvakakanganiswa pakati-sample hunhu kuti vakwanise kuita izvi. Nekudaro, ichi chiitiko chisingafadzi, incl. nekuti WAV/AIFF zvinhu zvakadaro, zvakashandurwa kuita MP3 yakarasika, M4A, zvichingodaro, zvichatonyanya kukanganiswa uye unogona kutadza kudzora ruzha zvachose. Hapana Miganho Iyi ingori sumo pfupi yekuti chii chinomisikidza uye basa rachingaite - chimwe chezvishandiso zvisinganzwisisike zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira mimhanzi. Isinganzwisisike, nekuti inosimbisa uye inodzvinyirira panguva imwe chete; kuti haifanire kukanganisa ruzha, uye chinangwa ndechekuita kuti ive pachena sezvinobvira, asi vanhu vazhinji vanoigadzira nenzira yekuti inokanganisa. Pakupedzisira, nokuti iyo limiter iri nyore kwazvo mukugadzirisa (algorithm) uye panguva imwechete inogona kuva yakanyanya kuoma yechiratidzo processor, iyo yakaoma iyo inogona kuenzaniswa chete nealgorithmic reverbs.

Nokudaro, tichadzokera kwairi mumwedzi.