Kushanda kwe turbocharger
Turbocharger dzinowanzo shandiswa kuvandudza mashandiro epeturu nedhiziri. Kugara kwavo kunoenderana nekushandiswa kwakakodzera.
Turbocharger inowanzoshandiswa kuwedzera kushanda kwepeturu nedhiziri. Nheyo yekushanda kwavo ndeyekubatanidza turbine yemagetsi emhepo ine rotor inomanikidza mweya wakaiswa mumasilinda.
Iyo turbocharger ine akawanda mabhenefiti, anosanganisira: dhizaini yakapusa, kusavapo kweimwe dhiraivha uye yakaderera mutengo wekugadzira. Chishandiso ichi chinewo zvimhingamupinyi zvakaita sekunonoka pakati pemutyairi achidzvanya gasi uye mhinduro yeturbine, inowanzonzi "turbo lag", uye kuve nyore kubatwa zvisina kunaka. Turbo gomba rakakonzera 
kusakwanisa kwecompressor kuzvimiririra kune shanduko mukumhanya kweinjini uye mutoro. Mhinduro dzatovepo dzekuvandudza kuchinjika kwematurbocharger. Aya ndiwo mavharuvhu ekupfuura anonangisa yakawandisa gasi kudivi rekupopota, uye nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro turbocharger ine inosiyana turbine geometry.
Mukushanda kwekushanda, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kumushandisi wemotokari ruzivo rwemamiriro ezvinhu ane simba guru pane nguva yekushanda kusina dambudziko kwe turbocharger. Kutanga, iyo turbocharger rotor ine humwe hukuru uye hukuru, pamwe chete neinobatanidzwa mikuru nguva yeinertia. Panguva yekushanda, rotor inokurumidza kusvika pakukurumidza kwe100 - 120 zviuru rpm. Iyi inokurumidza zvakapetwa ka10 kupfuura injini yemotokari yeFormula 1. Naizvozvo, turbine rotor yakanyatsodzikama uye kutakura kwayo kunozora mafuta anopihwa nepombi yekudyisa injini. Paunenge uchishanda turbocharger, kunze kwekugadzirisa, nzira yekutyaira yakakosha zvikuru.
Kuti udzivise ingress yetsvina, mhepo yekutora inofanira kuchengetwa yakachena nekuchinja sefa nguva dzose. Chero shanduko muchiyero, senge tsvina yedhipoziti, pakumhanya kukuru uku kunokonzeresa kubereka nguva isati yakwana. Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune inotonhorera uye yekuzora svikiro, uchicherekedza injini yekuchinja nguva. Zvakare, usashandise mafuta ekirasi yemhando yakaderera pane inokurudzirwa nemugadziri wemota. Kuedza nekushandura rudzi rweoiri, viscosity kirasi uye mhando zvinokanganisa injini nemayunitsi ayo. Kuwedzera kwechiyero chekusvibiswa kwemafuta, kurasikirwa kwekuzora uye kudzivirira kwayo kunokanganisa kusimba kwemabhengi uye mamiriro einjini yese. Mumayuniti ane mileage yakakwirira, "kutora" mafuta, chiyero chayo chinofanira kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kumusoro.
Mushure mekutanga injini yekupisa kwemukati kwenguva yakati (ipfupi muzhizha, kureba muchando), oiri haiyerere kune dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira compressor bearings. Munguva iyi, ivo vanozorwa neyakaonda inonamira layer, nekuda kwe viscosity ye lubricant. Naizvozvo, mushure mekutanga injini inotonhora, kukwirisa kwakapinza kwegasi uye kutanga kamwe kamwe kunofanira kudziviswa. Iyi nzira yekutyaira inoita kuti mabearings asave nemafuta akakwana kwenguva yakati, izvo zvinoderedza hupenyu hwavo. Kune rumwe rutivi, paunenge uchityaira mushure mekudziya iyo unit yemagetsi, zvinokurudzirwa kuchengetedza injini ichimhanya mumhando yepakati uye yakakwirira kumhanya. Kudzimwa kweinjini kwakakosha kwakakosha kune compressor hupenyu hurefu. Mushure mekupera kwekutyaira, pombi yemafuta inomira kushanda. Iyo haipe chikamu chemafuta matsva kune mabearings eturbine, iyo inomhanyisa rotor iyo inoramba ichitenderera nekumhanya kwakakura kwemasekondi akati wandei. Munguva ino, mafuta ekuzora mabhearings anowedzera kupisa, charring inoitika mairi, zvimedu zvinoumbwa zvinokwenya nhangemutange dzakanyatsogadzirwa, izvo zvinotungamira mukuparadzwa kwavo. Paunenge uchimhanyisa injini ine turbocharged, mira masekonzi mashoma usati waidzima. Panguva ino, kukurumidza kwe turbine kunononoka uye mukana wekukuvadza kune mabhengi unoderedzwa.
Iyo nguva yekushanda-isina dambudziko returbocharger zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekushanda kwayo. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti pakanga paine nhevedzano yezvishandiso izvo zvisina kugadzirwa zvakanaka nevagadziri uye zvakakundikana mushure menguva pfupi. Chiratidzo chakajairwa chekukuvadzwa kweturbocharger chinonzwika kuzunguzika panzvimbo yekuiswa kwayo. Muchiitiko chekukuvara kwakanyanya, simbi-pa-metal friction inonzwika, huwandu hwakawanda hweutsi huchena hunobuda mupombi yekupedza, motokari haisati ichikurumidza.
Yakakuvadzwa turbocharger inogona kuvandudzwa. Mashopu ehunyanzvi ane ruzivo rwakakodzera, ruzivo uye kugadzirisa kits. Mutengo weyakajairwa kuvandudzwa ndeye / zvinoenderana nehukuru hweturbine / kubva PLN 800 kusvika 2000 uye kakawanda kuderera pane mutengo wechigadzirwa chitsva.
