Motokari yemagetsi: basa, mhando, mitengo

Motokari yemagetsi, iyo inoonekwa seyakanyanya kushamwaridzana kupfuura injini yekupisa, iri kuwana mukurumbira mumusika wemotokari yeFrance. Inoshanda nemota yemagetsi uye bhatiri rinoda kudzoreredzwa. Kana mutengo wayo wakakwirira kudarika wemotokari yekare, motokari yemagetsi inokodzera bhonasi yezvakatipoteredza.

Imotokari yemagetsi inoshanda sei?

Kana mota ichishandisa mafuta (diesel kana peturu), tiri kutaura nezvazvo kupisa injini : Mafuta aya anogadzira kupisa kunoburitsa simba rinoita kuti mota ienderere mberi. Kushanda kwemotokari yemagetsi kunobva pa аккумулятор и injini inopihwa magetsi.

Panzvimbo pekuwedzera peturu pachiteshi chepeturu, unofanirwa kuchaja mota yako yemagetsi uchishandisa chiteshi chekuchaja kana chiteshi chemagetsi. Magetsi aya anobva ayerera chinjaiyo inoshandura alternating current kuti itungamirire ikozvino iyo inogona kuchengetwa mubhatiri remotokari yako.

Zvimwe zviteshi zvekuchaja zvinokurumidza kushandura magetsi pachako kuitira kuti iwe ugone kupa zvakananga inodiwa inogara iripo kubhatiri.

Yako mota yemagetsi bhatiri ine chinzvimbo 15 kusvika ku100 kilowatt maawa (kWh)... Simba iri rinotumirwa kumotokari yemagetsi yemotokari, uko chinhu chakadaidzwa stator inogadzira magnetic field. Izvi zvinobva zvaita kuti utenderere rotor, iyo inobva yatumira kufamba kwayo kumavhiri, dzimwe nguva zvakananga, asi kazhinji kuburikidza yokuderedza iyo inogadzirisa iyo torque uye kutenderera kumhanya.

Motokari yemagetsi inogona zvakare kugadzira magetsi yega. Injini inoita izvi kana iwe ukatyora kana kumira kumanikidza iyo yekuwedzera. Tiri kutaura nezvazvo regenerative akamedura... Nenzira iyi, iwe unogadzira magetsi akachengetwa mubhatiri.

Naizvozvo, kutapurirana kwemotokari yemagetsi hakusanganisire: Aihwabatira kana Kuendesamota yemagetsi inogona kutenderera nekumhanyisa kwemakumi ezviuru emhindu paminiti. Kunyangwe injini yekupisa inofanirwa kushandura mafambiro emapiston kuita kutenderera, izvi hazvisizvo nemota yemagetsi.

Naizvozvo, mota yako yemagetsi haina bhandi renguva, mafuta enjini nemapiston.

🔍 Magetsi kana mota yakasanganiswa?

La motokari yakasanganiswa, sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, iri pakati pepakati pedhiziri nemotokari yemagetsi. Naizvozvo, iri vakapakata pamwe kanenge два MOTORS : inopisa uye ingangoita imwe mota yemagetsi. Iinewo bhatiri.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari dzakauchikwa, dzimwe dzadzo dzinobhadharisa senge mota dzemagetsi. Kubatsira kwayo ndekwekuti inoshandisa zvishoma pane yekupisa injini (2 L / 100 km kweinenge 100% plug-in hybrid mota) uye gadzira shoma CO2.

Nekudaro, huwandu hwemotokari yemagetsi mumotokari yehybrid ipfupi. Iyo inonyanya kuenderana nekutyaira kweguta uko braking inobvumira simba remagetsi kudzoserwa. Pakupedzisira, motokari yakasanganiswa haichakodzeri nguva dzose kuwana bhonasi yekutenga, sezvo ichionekwa seine ushamwari hwakatipoteredza kupfuura motokari yemagetsi.

🌍 Mota yemagetsi: yakasvibira kana kwete?

Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza emotokari dzemagetsi ave ari nyaya yekukakavadzana kukuru. Chokwadi, mota yemagetsi inoshandisa magetsi uye inozvitsvagisa zvishoma. Naizvozvo, haadi peturu - isingawanzo kuwanikwa fossil sosi. Pamusoro pezvo, magetsi ane chekuita neCO2 kugadzirwa kwakadzikira zvakanyanya pamagiramu gumi pakiromita.

Zvisinei, tinofanira kubudisa motokari iyi uye, kunyanya, bhatiri yayo. Zvisinei, bhatiri remotokari yemagetsi rine lithium, cobalt uye manganese, masimbi asingawanzo ayo mwero wezvakatipoteredza wakakosha zvikuru. Lithium, kunyanya, inouya zvakanyanya kubva kuSouth America.

Kubvisa iyi lithium zvinosvibisa ivhu zvakanyanya... Cobalt inobva kuAfrica uye kunyanya kubva kuCongo, iyo inopa 60% yekugadzirwa kwenyika uye inogona kunge yakaenzana nehumambo hwemafuta ... shanduro yemagetsi.

Kunze kwekusvibiswa kwevhu nemhedzisiro yehutano yakabatana nekuchera masimbi aya, kugadzirwa uye kuungana kwemotokari dzemagetsi hakuna kushamwaridzana zvachose. Ivo vanobudisa mamwe magasi egreenhouse kupfuura injini yekupisa, muchidimbu nekuda kwebhatiri.

Nekudaro, ADEME yakaratidza kuti zvakafanira ku 120 MJ kugadzira motokari yemagetsi, pamusoro 70 MJ kune injini yekupisa. Pakupedzisira, pane mubvunzo wekugadzirisa bhatiri.

Kune izvi tinofanirawo kuwedzera kuti munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira France, magetsi achiri kunyanya kugadzirwa mumagetsi enyukireya kana kunyange marasha, sezvakaita China. Nekuda kweizvozvo, izvi zvinotungamira kune CO2 emissions.

Nokudaro, zvishoma kana zvishoma zvisina kunanga, motokari yemagetsi ndiyo inokonzera kusvibiswa kwakanyanya. Zvinotora shanduko mune tekinoroji kuti bhatiri rayo rimire kugadzira sezvarinoita nhasi. Zvisinei, injini yake haibudise nitrogen oxides kana zvimedu... Kutyaira kwenguva refu kunobatsirawo kugadzirisa kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwekugadzirwa kwayo munguva refu.

Mukuwedzera, kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari yemagetsi kuduku nekuda kwekushayikwa kwezvimwe zvakakosha zvipfeko zvakadai sebhandi renguva. Uye zvakare, mota yemagetsi inoda kushoma mabhureki, ayo anogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwepadhi uye mabhureki disc. Izvi zvinoderedza l'' kukanganisa kwenzvimborechengetedzo motokari yako ... uye inodhura zvishoma.

⚡ Chii chinodyiwa nemotokari yemagetsi?

Kushandiswa kwemotokari yemagetsi kunoyerwa mumakilowatt-maawa pamakiromita zana. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti izvi zvinosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kumota kuenda kumota, huremu, injini uye bhatiri. Ivhareji inoshandiswa yemotokari yemagetsi ndeyeanenge 15 kWh / 100 km.

Semuenzaniso, iyo Audi e-Tron inorema kupfuura 2,5 tonnes uye nokudaro inopedza 20 kWh / 100 km. Sezvineiwo, diki mota yemagetsi seRenault Twizy inoshandisa isingasviki 10 kWh / 100 km.

🔋 Nzira yekuchaja mota yemagetsi?

Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuchaja mota yemagetsi:

• Chiteshi chekuchaja ;
• Les Wall Bhokisi ;
• Zvigadziko zvemumba.

Mota yemagetsi inochajiswa pashoma paunenge uchityaira kutenda kune regenerative braking, asi kuti uwane kuzvitonga kuzere, inofanirwa kubhadhariswa kubva kune mains. Kuti uite izvi, iwe une akati wandei tambo tambo iyo inokutendera iwe kuti ubatanidze nayo classic madziro ekubuda kana Bhokisi remadziro yakanyatsogadzirirwa kubhadharisa kumba.

Pakupedzisira, une zviteshi zvekuchaja zveveruzhinji yemotokari yako yemagetsi. Kune makumi ezviuru anoverengeka avo muFrance, uye vachiri kuedza kuva negutsaruzhinji. Iwe unozviwana muguta kana panzvimbo dzechiteshi pamigwagwa.

Mapaki emota dzeveruzhinji anowanzo aine zviteshi zvekuchaja zvemahara zvemota yako yemagetsi, asi uchafanirwa kubhadhara yekupaka. Nzvimbo zhinji dzemumigwagwa dzinoshanda nekadhi.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuchaja mota yemagetsi?

Nguva yekuchaja yemotokari yako yemagetsi zvinoenderana nemotokari uye bhatiri rayo, pamwe nerudzi rwekuchaja yaunosarudza uye kugona kwayo. Kuti unyatsochaja mota yemagetsi kubva mudura remba, iwe unozoda kanopfuura husiku humwe.

NeWallbox count 3 kusvika 15 maawa zvichienderana nekukwanisa kwayo, bhatiri rako uye tambo yauri kushandisa. Panzvimbo yekuchaja yeruzhinji, ino nguva yakaderedzwa ne2 kana kunyangwe 3. Pakupedzisira, chiteshi chinomhanyisa chinokutendera kuti ubhadhare zvizere mota yemagetsi. musingasviki awa.

Zvinoita marii kuchajazve mota yemagetsi?

Mutengo wekuchinjisa mota yemagetsi zvinoenderana nekwanisi yebhatiri. Kune 50 kWh bhatiri, kuverenga inenge 10 €... Zvichanyanya hupfumi kwauri kubhadharisa EV yako kumba, kunyanya kana wakasarudza kontrakiti yemagetsi yakanyatsogadzirirwa varidzi veEV, sezvakataurwa nevamwe vatengesi.

Muchiitiko ichi, iwe uchafanirwa kuchaja mota yako yemagetsi. nezve 2 € yebhatiri kubva ku15 kusvika ku20 kWh, zvichienderana nemutengo wemagetsi, iyo inoshanduka kaviri kusvika katatu pagore.

🚗 Ndeipi mota yemagetsi yekusarudza?

Kusarudza motokari yemagetsi zvinoenderana nebhajeti yako yekushandisa... Kana iwe uchida kurova mugwagwa, iwe unofanirwa kunanga modhi ine yakawanda yekuzvimiririra, iyo inoganhurira zvakanyanya kutsvaga kwako.

Pakati pemotokari dzemagetsi dzinokutendera kuti ufambe nzendo refu, Tesla Model 3 uye ma supercharger akaiswa nemugadziri achasangana nemaitiro ako. Iwe unogona zvakare kukwidziridza kumotokari yemagetsi seHyundai neKia, ine bhatiri. 64 kWh... Pakupedzisira, Volkswagen kana Volvo XC40 zvakare vane kureba pamusoro pe400 km.

Anopfuura makumi matatu emagetsi emotokari modhi anowanikwa muFrance. Renault Zoé anoramba ari mutungamiri wemusika, pamberi pePeugeot e-208 uye Tesla Model 3.

💰 Motokari yemagetsi inoita marii?

Mitengo yemotokari yemagetsi yadzikira nedemocratization yetekinoroji uye kuwanda kwemamodheru. Zvimwe zvacho zvino kungodhura zvishoma pane zvakaenzana nemafuta. Uye nekuda kwebhonasi yezvakatipoteredza, iwe unogona ikozvino kutenga mota itsva yemagetsi. anenge 17 euros.

Ehe, iwe unogona zvakare kutenga yakashandiswa yemagetsi mota kuti ubhadhare zvishoma pairi, asi hauzokwanisi kuwana imwechete yekutenga bhonasi.

Kuti utore mukana weiyo premium paunenge uchitenga mota yemagetsi, unofanirwa kusangana ne CO2 emission threshold (50 g / km, hapana dambudziko re100% yemagetsi mota). Motokari iyi inofanira kuva новый uye inoda kutenga kana kubvarura kwenguva yakareba ane makore maviri.

Muchiitiko ichi, huwandu hwebhonasi yezvakatipoteredza hunoenderana nemutengo wemotokari yako yemagetsi.

Paunenge uchirasa mota yako yekare uye kana ukasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu, unogonawo kuwedzera kutendeuka bhonasi bhonasi yezvakatipoteredza iyo inokutendera iwe kuchengetedza zvakanyanya pamutengo wemotokari yako yemagetsi. Nenzira iyi iwe unogona kushandisa yako nyowani mota yemagetsi zvisingadhuri!

Iye zvino unoziva zvose pamusoro pemotokari yemagetsi: kuti inoshanda sei, inogona kubhadharwa sei, uye kunyange mutengo wayo. Kana kuchengetedzwa kwayo kuri kudiki pane kwemota inopisa, unofanirwa kuzviita nenyanzvi ine mvumo nekuda kwebhatiri uye mota yemagetsi. Enda kuburikidza nemufananidzi wedu wegaraji kuti uwane nyanzvi!