Motokari dzemagetsi vs. hybrid mota

Kana iwe uri kuongorora akanakisa ehupfumi hwemafuta sarudzo pamusika, unogona kufunga ese emagetsi mota (EVs) uye mahybrids. Mota dzemagetsi nemahybrid dziri kutsvaga kusimuka kubva painjini yepeturu kuchengetedza varidzi mari inoshandiswa pamafuta uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwemafuta.

Mhando mbiri dzemotokari dzine zvese zvadzakanakira uye nekuipira. Iyo tekinoroji inyowani, saka zvivakwa zvemotokari dzemagetsi zviri pasi pekuvandudzwa, uye mamwe akaomarara mabhatiri masisitimu anogona kudhura kuchengetedza. Nekudaro, kune mamwe emubatanidzwa, ehurumende, uye emuno mutero zvikwereti zvemotokari dzakatenderwa, pamwe neHOV/carpool nzira yekupinda mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Pakusarudza pakati pemotokari yemagetsi neyakasanganiswa, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise izvo zvinovakodzera semotokari yakasanganiswa kana yemagetsi, misiyano yavo, uye zvakanakira nekuipira kuva nazvo.

mota dzakasanganiswa

Mota dzeHybrid musanganiswa weinjini yekupisa yemukati (ICE) mota uye plug-in mota dzemagetsi. Ivo vane ese echinyakare peturu injini uye bhatiri. MaHybrid anowana simba kubva kune ese ari maviri einjini mhando kuti akwidzise simba, kana imwe chete, zvichienderana nemafambisirwo emushandisi.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemahybrids: standard hybrids uye plug-in mahybrids (PHEVs). Mukati me "standard hybrid" kune zvakare manyoro uye akateedzana mahybrids, imwe neimwe inosiyaniswa nekubatanidzwa kwemagetsi mota tekinoroji:

mahybrids akapfava

Mahybrids akapfava anowedzera zvishoma zvemagetsi kumotokari yeICE. Kana ichidzika kana kuti yakamira zvachose, separobhoti, injini yekupisa yemukati memhando yehybrid inogona kudzima zvachose, kunyanya kana yakatakura mutoro wakareruka. Iyo ICE inotangazve pachayo, uye zvikamu zvemagetsi zvemotokari zvinobatsira simba stereo, air conditioning, uye, pane mamwe mamodheru, regenerative braking uye power steering. Zvisinei, hapana nyaya inogona kushanda chete pamagetsi.

• Pros: Mahybrids akapfava anogona kuchengetedza mari yemafuta, akareruka uye anodhura zvishoma pane mamwe marudzi emahybrids.
• Cons: Ivo vachiri kudhura kupfuura mota dzeICE kutenga nekugadzirisa, uye kushomeka kuzere kweEV kushanda.

Series Hybrids

MaSeries hybrids, anozivikanwawo sekuti split-power kana parallel hybrids, anoshandisa injini diki inobatidza mukati kutyaira mota ichimhanya zvakanyanya uye kutakura mitoro inorema. Iyo bhatiri-yemagetsi system inopa simba mota mune mamwe mamiriro. Inorova chiyero pakati pekuita kweinjini yekupisa kwemukati uye kushanda kwemafuta nekuita injini chete kana ichinge ichinyatsoita.

• Pros: Yakakwana pakutyaira muguta, mahybrids anoshandisa gasi chete kukurumidza, nzendo refu uye anowanzo kutengeka zvakanyanya maererano nekushanda kwemafuta uye mutengo.
• Cons: Nekuda kwekuoma kwezvikamu zvemagetsi, mahybrids emasheya anoramba achidhura kupfuura mota dzechinyakare dzehukuru hwakafanana uye kazhinji dzine magetsi akadzikira.

Plug-mune dzakauchikwa

Plug-in mahybrids anogona kuchajwa pazviteshi zvekuchaja mota dzemagetsi. Pavanenge vachiri nemainjini ekupisa mukati uye vachishandisa regenerative braking yesimba rebhatiri, vanogona kufamba madaro marefu vachingofambiswa nemota yemagetsi chete. Vane zvakare hombe bhatiri paki zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa mahybrids, zvichiita kuti huremerwe asi zvichivabvumira kushandisa simba remagetsi kuti vabatsirike uye huwandu hwese.

• Pros: Plug-in ane huwandu hwakareba kana ichienzaniswa nedzimotokari dzemagetsi ebhatiri nekuda kweinjini yekuwedzera peturu, dzakachipa kutenga kupfuura mota dzemagetsi zhinji, uye dzakachipa kumhanya pane dzakajairwa mahybrids.
• Cons: Dzichiri kudhura kupfuura akajairwa mahybrids uye ekare mota dzeICE uye anorema kupfuura akajairwa mahybrids ane hombe bhatiri pack.

Zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa

• Mafuta: Nekuda kwekuti mahybrids anoshanda pamafuta ese nemagetsi, kune mitengo yefossil inogona kudzikiswa zvichienderana nemafambisirwo ekutyaira. MaHybrid anogona kuchinja kubva kumagetsi kuenda kuhuni, achivapa kureba mune dzimwe nguva. Semuyenzaniso, mutyairi angangopererwa nebhatiri asati ashaya peturu.
• Maintenance: MaHybrids anochengeta ese ezvekugadzirisa nyaya dzinosangana nevaridzi vemotokari dzeICE, kuwedzera kune njodzi yekutsiviwa kwebhatiri. Dzinogona kunge dzichidhura zvakanyanya kana zvasvika pamitengo yegesi, asi mari yekugadzirisa yakafanana nemotokari dzechinyakare.

Motokari dzemagetsi

Sekureva kwaSeth Leitman, nyanzvi yemotokari dzemagetsi, chizvarwa chazvino "chinounza zero-emission mota dzine simba rakawedzera, huwandu uye chengetedzo." Mota dzemagetsi dzinofambiswa nebhatiri hombe, ine ingangoita imwe mota yemagetsi yakabatana nesimba, uye yakaoma system yebhatiri manejimendi software. Iwo haanyanyi kuomesesa emagetsi pane emukati mejini, asi ane dhizaini yakaoma yebhatiri. Mota dzemagetsi dzine simba remagetsi epamusoro-soro pane maplug-ins, asi hadzina hurefu hwekushanda kwepeturu.

• Pros: Mota dzemagetsi dzine mutengo wakaderera wekugadzirisa nekuda kwekureruka kwadzo dhizaini uye dzinopa pedyo-yakanyarara dhiraivha, yakachipa yemagetsi emagetsi sarudzo (kusanganisira kuchaja kumba), uye zero emissions.
• Cons: Zvichiri kushanda, motokari dzemagetsi dzinodhura uye dzakaganhurirwa muhuwandu uye nguva refu yekuchaja. Varidzi vanoda charger yemba, uye mhedzisiro yemamiriro ekunze yemabhatiri akasakara haisati yazivikanwa.

Zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa

• Mafuta: Motokari dzemagetsi dzinochengetedza mari yevaridzi pamitengo yemafuta kana vaine chiteshi chekuchaja pamba. Parizvino, magetsi akachipa kupfuura gasi, uye magetsi anodiwa kubhadharisa mota anoenda kunobhadhara mabhiri emagetsi epamba.
• Maintenance: Mazhinji emitengo yekuchengetedza mota dzechinyakare haina basa kune varidzi vemotokari yemagetsi nekuda kwekushaikwa kweinjini yekupisa mukati. Zvisinei, varidzi vachiri kuda kuramba vakatarira matai avo, inishuwarenzi, uye chero kukuvara kwetsaona. Kutsiva bhatiri remotokari yemagetsi kunogonawo kudhura kana rikapera mushure menguva yewaranti yebhatiri remotokari.

Mota yemagetsi kana yehybrid mota?

Sarudzo pakati pemotokari yemagetsi kana hybrid inoenderana nekuwanikwa kwemunhu, izvo zvinonyanya kuenderana nekutyaira. Mota dzemagetsi hadzina mabhenefiti akafanana kune vanogaro famba nzendo refu zvichienzaniswa nema plug-in mahybrids kana mota dzinopisa. Zvikwereti zvemutero uye zvidzoreso zvinoshanda kumotokari dzese dzemagetsi uye dzakasanganiswa, asi huwandu hwese hwekuchengetedza hunosiyana nenyika nenzvimbo. Ose ari maviri anoderedza kuburitswa uye kuderedza kushandiswa kweinjini dzepeturu, asi zvakanakira nezvayakaipira zvinosara zvemhando mbiri dzemotokari. Sarudzo inobva pane zvaunoda kutyaira.