Zvemagetsi kudzikamisa masisitimu (ESP, AHS, DSC, PSM, VDC, VSC)

Aya masisitimu anovimbisa kuti mota inozvibata yakachengeteka mumamiriro akaoma, kunyanya kana pakona. Munguva yekufamba, masystem anoongorora zviratidzo zvinoverengeka, sekumhanyisa kana kutenderera kwevhiri, uye kana paine njodzi yekukwikwidza, masystem anogona kudzosera mota kwayakange ichitungamira nekupwanya mavhiri ega ega. Mune mota dzinodhura, masisitimu ekudzikamisa anoratidzawo chassis inoshanda inoenderana nepamusoro pemutyairi uye dhiraivhu yekutyaira uyezve inobatsira mukutyaira chengetedzo. Mota zhinji dzinoshandisa chiratidzo chekumaka pamotokari dzadzo. kunyanya (Mercedes-Benz, Skoda, VW, Peugeot nevamwe). Nekumaka AHS (Kushanda kugadzirisa system) anoshandiswa neChevrolet mumotokari dzavo, DSC (Kudzora kwekuchengetedza kwekuchengetedzaBMW, psm (Porsche Kugadzikana Management Sisitimu), V DC (Kudzora simba remotokari) yakaiswa pamotokari dzeSubaru, VSC (Kudzora kudzora kwemotokari) inoiswawo paSubaru pamwe nemotokari dzeLexus.

Pfupiso ESP inobva kuChirungu Yemagetsi kugadzikana chirongwa uye inomirira chirongwa chemagetsi chekudzikamisa. Kubva pazita chairo, zviri pachena kuti uyu ndiye mumiriri wevamiriri vemagetsi mutyairi maererano nekudzikama kwekutyaira. Kuwanikwa uye kuteedzerwa kwekuitwa kweESP kwaive budiriro muindasitiri yemotokari. Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana akamboitika nekuunzwa kweABS. ESP inobatsira mutyairi asina ruzivo uye ane ruzivo rwekugona kusangana nedzimwe dzenhamo dzinogona kumuka uchityaira. Akawanda maseruenzi mumota rekodhi yazvino yekutyaira data. Iyi data inofananidzwa kuburikidza neyuniti yekudzora ine yakaverengwa data yeiyo chaiyo yekutyaira modhi. Kana mutsauko ukaonekwa, ESP inoitwa otomatiki uye inogadzikisa mota. ESP inoshandisa mamwe emagetsi chassis masisitimu pabasa rayo. Vashandi vanonyanya kukosha vemagetsi vanosanganisira iyo ABS anti-lock braking system, anti-skid masystem (ASR, TCS nevamwe) uye kuraira nezvekushanda kweanodiwa ESP sensors.

Iyo sisitimu yakagadzirwa nevanjiniya kubva kuBosch neMercedes. Imotokari yekutanga kuve neESPN yaive S 1995 coupe coupe (C 600) munaKurume 140. Mwedzi mishoma gare gare, iyo system zvakare yakaita nzira yayo kune yakasarudzika S-Kirasi (W 140) uye SL Roadster (R 129). Mutengo weiyi sisitimu waive wakakwira zvekuti pakutanga sisitimu yaingova yakaenzana mukubatana neyekumusoro-kumagumo 6,0 V12 gumi nemaviri-humburumbira injini, kune mamwe maESI injini yaipihwa chete kune yakanyanya kuwedzera. Iyo chaiyo boom muESP yaikonzerwa nezvinhu zvinoita sezvidiki uye, neimwe pfungwa, zvakangoitikawo. Muna 1997, vatori venhau veSweden vakaita bvunzo yekudzikama yeiyo panguva iyoyo yaive itsva, yaive Mercedes A. Zvakashamisa munhu wese aivapo, Mercedes A yaisakwanisa kurarama neinonzi bvunzo yemusuru. Izvi zvakaratidza kutanga kwebhizimusi izvo zvakamanikidza vagadziri kumbomisa kugadzirwa kwenguva pfupi. Kuedza kwevanyanzvi uye vagadziri paStuttgart Automobile Plant yekuwana mhinduro chaiyo kuchinetso chakashongedzwa nekubudirira. Kubva pane bvunzo dzakawanda, ESP yakave chikamu cheMercedes A. Izvi, zvakare, zvaireva kuwedzera mukugadzirwa kwesystem iyi kubva pamakumi ezviuru anotarisirwa kusvika kumazana ezviuru, uye mitengo inodhura inogona kuwanikwa. ESP yakagadzira nzira yekushandisa mukati nepakati uye diki mota. Kuberekwa kweESP kwaive shanduko chaiyo mumunda wekutyaira kwakachengeteka, uye nhasi uno wakapararira kwete chete nekuda kweMercedes-Benz. Kuvapo kweESP, iri kuvandudza uye parizvino ndiyo inogadzira hombe, yakapa zvakawanda mukuvapo kweESP.

Mumagadzirirwo mazhinji emagetsi, uropi ndiyo yemagetsi control unit, uye izvi hazvisi izvo neESP. Basa reiyo control unit ndeyekufananidza iwo chaiwo makosi kubva kuma sensors ane akaverengerwa kukosha uchityaira. Nhungamiro inodiwa inotarirwa nekona yekutenderera uye kukurumidza kwekutenderera kwemavhiri. Mamiriro chaiwo ekutyaira anoverengerwa zvichienderana nekuwedzera kwe lateral uye kutenderera kwemotokari kutenderedza axis yayo yakatwasuka. Kana kutsauka kubva kune akaverengerwa kukosha kwaonekwa, iyo yekudzikamisa maitiro inogadziriswa. ESP oparesheni inodzora injini torque uye inokanganisa iyo braking system yevhiri rimwe kana anopfuura, nekudaro kubvisa kusingadiwe kufamba kwemotokari. ESP inogona kugadzirisa understeer uye oversteer paunenge uchikona. Vehicle understeer inogadziriswa nekubhureki vhiri remukati remukati. Oversteer inogadziriswa nekupwanya vhiri rekunze remberi. Pakubhureki vhiri rakapihwa, mabhureki masimba anogadzirwa pavhiri iro panguva yekudzikama. Zvinoenderana nemutemo wakapfava wefizikisi, aya mabhureki masimba anogadzira torque yakatenderedza mota yakatwasuka axis. Iyo torque inokonzeresa inogara ichipesana nekufamba kusingadiwe uye nekudaro inodzosera mota munzira inodiwa kana ichikona. Iyo zvakare inotendeudzira mota munzira kwayo kana isiri kutendeuka. Muenzaniso wekushanda kweESP kukurumidza kukona kana axle yekumberi ichikurumidza kubuda pakona. ESP inotanga kuderedza injini torque. Kana chiito ichi chisina kukwana, vhiri remukati remukati rakabhureki. Iyo yekudzikamisa maitiro inoenderera kusvika tsika yeku skid yadzikira.

ESP yakavakirwa pachikamu chekutonga chinowanzoitika kuABS uye mamwe masystem emagetsi senge EBV / EBD brake simba rekuparadzira, injini torque regulator (MSR) uye anti-skid masystem (EDS, ASR uye TCS). Iyo control unit inogadzira dhata ka143 ka sekondi, ndiko kuti, ese mamiriseconds manomwe, ayo anoda kusvika ka7 nekukurumidza kupfuura emunhu. ESP inoda ma sensors akati kuti ashande, akadai se:

• bhureki yekuona bhatani (inozivisa iyo inodzora unit iyo mutyairi iri kubroka),
• kumhanya maseru emunhu mavhiri,
• steering angle angle sensor (inosarudza iyo inodiwa nzira yekufamba),
• yekupedzisira yekumhanyisa sensor (inonongedza hukuru hweanoshanda masimba anoteedzana, senge iyo centrifugal simba pane iyo curve),
• senji yekutenderera mota yakatenderedza iyo yakatwasuka axis (kuongorora kutenderera kwemotokari yakatenderedza akisi yekutwasuka uye kuona mamiriro azvino ekufamba),
• bhureki yekumanikidza yekumisikidza (inosarudza kumanikidza kwazvino mu brake system, kubva ipapo mabhureki emagetsi uye, nekudaro, mauto ehurefu anoita pamotokari anogona kuverengerwa),
• kureba kwekumhanyisa sensor (chete mana-mavhiri ekutyaira mota).

Uye zvakare, iyo braking system inoda imwe yekumanikidza yekushandisa iyo inomanikidza kana mutyairi asiri kubhureka. Iyo hydraulic unit inoparadzira kumanikidza kwemabhureki kune mavhiri emabhureki. Chigadziko chemabhureki chakagadzirirwa kubatidza mwenje yemabhureki kana mutyairi asingabhureki kana iyo ESP system yavepo. ESP dzimwe nguva inogona kudzimwa nebhatani padheshibhodhi, iri nyore, semuenzaniso, kana uchityaira nemaketani echando. Kudzima kana pasisitimu kunoratidzwa nechiratidziro chakavhenekerwa pane pani yechiridzwa.

ESP inokutendera iwe kuti pusha miganhu yemitemo yefizikiki uye nokudaro uwedzere kushanda kwakachengeteka. Dai mota dzese dzaive dzakashongedzwa neESP, dzinenge chegumi che tsaona dzaigona kudzivirirwa. Iyo sisitimu inogara ichitarisa kugadzikana kana isina kudzimwa. Nekudaro, mutyairi ane pfungwa huru yekuchengetedza, kunyanya mumigwagwa ine chando uye sinou. Sezvo ESP inogadzirisa mafambiro ekufamba munzira yaunoda uye inobhadharisa kutsauka kunokonzerwa nekukwikwidza, zvinonyanya kudzora njodzi yetsaona mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa mune kumwe kufema kuti kunyangwe iyo yazvino ESP haizoponese mutyairi asina hanya asingateveri mitemo yefizikiki.

Sezvo ESP chiratidzo cheBOSCH neMercedes, vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa iyo Bosch system uye zita reESP, kana vakagadzira yavo system uye vanoshandisa imwe (yavo) chirevo.

Acura–Honda: Vehicle Stability Control (VSA)

Alfa Romeo: Simba reMotokari Kudzora (VDC)

Audi: Magetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Bentley: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

BMW: vrátane Dynamic Traction Kudzora DSC

Bugatti: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Buick: StabiliTrak

Cadillac: StabiliTrak uye Active Front Kutungamira (AFS)

Chery Mota: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa

Chevrolet: StabiliTrak; Kushanda kubata (Lin Corvette)

Chrysler: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Citroën: Magetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Dodge: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Daimler: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Fiat: Elektroniki Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP) uye Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC)

Ferrari: Yakagadzwa Kudzora (CST)

Ford: AdvanceTrac neRoll Over Kugadzikana Kudzora (RSC), Inopindirana Vehicle Dynamics (IVD), Elektroniki Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP) uye Dynamic Kugadzikana Kudzora (DSC)

General Motors: StabiliTrak

Kubata: Elektroniki Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Hyundai: Elektroniki Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP), Magetsi Kugadzikana Kudzora (ESC), Motokari Kugadzikana Kubatsira (VSA)

Infiniti: Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC)

Jaguar: Dynamic Kugadzikana Kudzora (DSC)

Jeep: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Kia: Elektroniki Kugadzikana Kudzora (ESC) uye Magetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Lamborghini: Elektroniki Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Land Rover: Dynamic Kugadzikana Kudzora (DSC)

Lexus: Vehicle Dynamics Yakabatanidzwa Management (VDIM) uye Vehicle Kugadzikana Kudzora (VSC)

Lincoln: AdvanceTrac

Maserati: Maserati Kugadzikana Chirongwa (MSP)

Mazda: Dynamic Kugadzikana Kudzora (DSC), vrátane Dynamic Traction Kudzora

Mercedes-Benz: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Mercury: AdvanceTrac

MINI: Dynamic Kugadzikana Kudzora

Mitsubishi: MULTI-MODE Anoshanda Kugadzikana Kudzora uye Kudzora Kudzora Anoshanda Kugadzikana Kudzora (ASC)

Nissan: Mota Dynamic Kudzora (VDC)

Oldsmobile: Precision Control System (PCS)

Opel: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Peugeot: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Pontiak: Stabili Trak

Porsche: Porsche Kugadzikana Kudzora (PSM)

Proton: yemagetsi kudzikamisa chirongwa

Renault: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Rover Boka: Dynamic Kugadzikana Kudzora (DSC)

Saab: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Saturn: StabiliTrak

Scania: Elektroniki Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

SEAT: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Škoda: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Smart: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Subaru: Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC)

Suzuki: Magetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Toyota: Vehicle Dynamics Yakabatanidzwa Management (VDIM) uye Vehicle Kugadzikana Kudzora (VSC)

Vauxhall: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)

Volvo: Dynamic Kugadzikana uye Kudzora Kudzora (DSTC)

Volkswagen: Yemagetsi Kugadzikana Chirongwa (ESP)