Ko mota dzemagetsi dzine catalytic converters?

Muchinyorwa chino, tinoongorora kana maEV ane catalytic converters uye kana achidiwa.

Catalytic converters akajairika mumotokari dzinofambiswa nepeturu kuderedza kuburitswa kwemotokari. Zvisinei, motokari dzemagetsi hadzishandise peturu, saka dzichiri kudiwa here? Mubvunzo wakadaro unogona kubvunzwa kana uchienzanisa motokari dzemagetsi (EV) ne peturu.

Mhinduro ndeyokuti kwete, kureva kuti hapana ma-catalytic converters mumotokari dzemagetsi. Chikonzero ndechekuti havadzida. Asi nei?

Ko mota dzemagetsi dzine catalytic converter?

Mubvunzo mukuru unotariswa nechinyorwa ichi ndewekuti mota dzemagetsi dzine catalytic converter. Mhinduro ndeyekuti kwete, nekuti mota dzemagetsi hadzina catalytic converters.

Mota dzeHybrid dzakasarudzika chete nekuti hadzina magetsi akazara uye dzine injini yekupisa yemukati. Nekudaro, isu tichatarisa kuti sei vasingadaro, uye ndezvipi mhedzisiro yekusava necatalytic converter. Chekutanga, isu tinofanirwa kuziva izvo catalytic converter inoita.

Cherechedza: Kunyange zvazvo chinyorwa ichi chiri pamusoro pemotokari dzemagetsi, mubvunzo wekuti catalytic converter inodiwa uye mamwe mashoko pamusoro pawo anoshanda zvakaenzana kumotokari dzemagetsi kazhinji.

Chii chinoita catalytic converters

A catalytic converter chishandiso chinobatsira kuderedza zvinokuvadza zvinobuda kubva muinjini yemotokari. Inowedzerwa kune pombi yemotokari yepombi sechikamu chemagetsi ayo emhepo. Casing yayo yekunze ine catalyst inoshandura magasi anobva muinjini (CO-HC-NOx) kuita magasi akachengeteka (CO).₂-H₂ON₂), izvo zvino zvinokandwa mumhepo (ona mufananidzo uri pasi apa). [2]

Iwo magasi anogadzirwa neinjini mahydrocarbon, maokisi enitrogen uye kabhoni monoxide. Basa reiyo catalytic converter yakakosha nekuti kabhoni monoxide ine muchetura. Masero matsvuku eropa anotora gasi iri uye anodzivirira kubatwa kweokisijeni inodiwa kutsigira upenyu. [3]

Muchidimbu, chinangwa chayo ndechekuita kuti kuburitswa kwemotokari kusanyanya kukuvadza hutano hwedu uye zvakatipoteredza. Magasi ekupedzisira ekupedza (mushure me catalysis) ndiwo carbon dioxide, mvura uye nitrogen. Carbon dioxide hainawo kukuvadza, asi kusvika pamwero muduku pane carbon monoxide.

Zvinodiwa nemutemo

Kuve necatalytic converter mumotokari chinhu chinodiwa zviri pamutemo kana mota yakashongedzerwa neinjini yekupisa yemukati. Chinodiwa chinotariswa panguva yekuyedzwa kwehutsi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti iripo uye inoshanda nemazvo.

Zvinosungirwa kushandiswa kwecatalytic converter kwakatanga muna 1972 kudzora kusvibiswa kwemhepo nemvura yepasi kubva mumotokari. Mamwe mashoma akakosha mapoinzi maererano necatalytic converters: [4]

• Hazvisi pamutemo kugadzirisa, kudzima kana kubvisa catalytic converter kubva mumotokari.
• Paunenge uchitsiva iyo catalytic converter, kutsiva kunofanirwa kunge kwakafanana.
• Emissions verification inodiwa gore negore.

Pamusoro pemotokari dzemagetsi, mota dzekunze-mumugwagwa dzinoregererwawo kubva pane zvinodiwa kuti uve necatalytic converter.

Nei Mota dzeMagetsi Dzisingade Catalytic Converters

Sezvo catalytic converter inoshanda kubvisa zvinosvibisa kubva mukati memota injini yekupisa, uye mota dzemagetsi hadzina injini yekupisa yemukati, hadzibudise magasi emhepo. Naizvozvo, mota dzemagetsi hadzidi chinoshandura chinoshandura.

Zvimwe zvinhu mota dzemagetsi hadzina

Pane zvinhu zvishoma maEV asina, izvo zvinotsanangura kuti sei vasingade inoshandura inoshandura. Pakati pavo:

• Pasina injini inopisa mukati
• Hapana chikonzero chemafuta einjini yekuzora injini
• Hapana kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvine chepfu
• Zvishomanana zvikamu zvemakanika

Mhedzisiro yekusave necatalytic converter

Utano uye zvakatipoteredza

Kushaikwa kweinoshandura inoshandura, nekuti mota dzemagetsi hadzibudise gasi, dzinoita kuti dzive nehushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza kupfuura mota dzinoita, zvirinani maererano nehutsi hunokachidza.

Security guard

Pane chimwe chikonzero nei kusavapo kwecatalytic converter kunoita kuti mota dzemagetsi dzichengetedzeke. Uku ndiko kuchengetedza maererano nekuchengetedzwa. Catalytic converters ine simbi dzinodhura dzakadai seplatinamu, palladium uye rhodium. Vanobatsira mukusefa kudzikisa mhepo inokuvadza nerubatsiro rwechimiro chehuchi. Ivo vanokonzeresa magasi anokuvadza, saka zita rekuti catalytic converter.

Nekudaro, kugadzirisa kunodhura kunoita kuti maconverter anokonzeresa kuve chinangwa chembavha. Kana iyo catalytic inoshandura iri nyore kubvisa, inoita kuti ive inoyevedza chinangwa. Dzimwe mota dzinotova neinodarika imwe catalytic converter.

Future trend

Tichifunga nezve kukura kuri kutarisirwa kudiwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi sechinzvimbo chemotokari dzinopisa, kudiwa kwevashanduri vemagetsi kuchadzikira.

Chishuvo chaicho ndechekugadzira nzvimbo yakachena. Motokari dzemagetsi dzinopa mukana wekuchengetedza nharaunda yakachena uye ine hutano nekugadzira mota dzisingabudise magasi anokuvadza, izvo zvinobvisa kudiwa kwevashanduri vecatalytic.

Zvingangoita kuti mumakore mashoma, macatalytic converters achange ari chisaririra chenguva yakapfuura yemota dzinoburitsa magasi ane muchetura.

Kudzora magasi anokuvadza ane mota dzemagetsi

Kana mota dzemagetsi (EVs) dzisingabudisi magasi anokuvadza uye nekudaro dzisingade inoshandura inoshandura, saka nei tichiri kuda kudzora magasi anokuvadza? Chikonzero cheizvi ndechokuti, kunyange zvazvo motokari dzemagetsi pachadzo dzisingabudisi magasi anokuvadza, mamiriro ezvinhu anoshanduka panguva yekugadzira uye kubhadharisa.

Vagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi vanoburitsa yakawanda kabhoni dhaibhorosi (CO₂) kuburitswa kwekuvaka mota dzemagetsi, uye kuchaja network yekuchaja mota dzemagetsi zvakare inoramba ichivimba zvakanyanya neasingadzokeri simba masosi. Naizvozvo, chokwadi chekuti mota dzemagetsi hadzidi catalytic converters hazvireve kuti isu takachengetedzwa zvachose kubva pakudiwa kwekudzora magasi anokuvadza.

Summing up

Isu takaongorora kana mota dzemagetsi dziine catalytic converter. Takavaratidza kuti havadiwi, uye takatsanangura kuti nei vasingadi. Chikonzero chekuti mota dzemagetsi hadzina uye hadzidi chinoshandura chinoshandura ndechekuti hadziburitse mhepo inokuvadza senge mota dzine injini dzepeturu dzemukati.

Gasi guru rine njodzi icarbon monoxide. Iyo catalytic converter inoshandura iyi nemamwe maviri anosanganisirwa magasi (hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen) kuita kabhoni dhayokisaidhi yakachengeteka, kuwedzera kumvura nenitrogen.

Iyo yakanyanya kukuvadza kabhoni monoxide inoda inoshanda catalytic converter. Sezvo motokari dzemagetsi dzisingabudisi magasi anokuvadza, hapana zvinodiwa nemutemo.

Zvisinei, takaratidzawo kuti kunyange zvazvo motokari dzemagetsi dzingaratidzika kuva dzakachengeteka kune hutano hwedu uye zvakatipoteredza, carbon dioxide emissions panguva yekugadzirwa kwavo uye yekuichaja inoramba ichida kutonga kwemagasi anokuvadza.

Nekudaro, sezvo kushandiswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kungango wedzera mune ramangwana, izvi zvinoreva kuti kudiwa kwevashanduri vanoshandura kucharamba kuchidonha.

Tarisa zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvedu pazasi.

• Mangani maamps anotora kubhadharisa mota yemagetsi
• multimeter bvunzo kubuda
• Chii chinonzi VSR drill

kurumbidza

[1] Allan Bonnick naDerek Newbold. Nzira inoshanda yekugadzira nekugadzirisa motokari. 3^rd shanduro. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier. 2011.

[2] Christy Marlow naAndrew Morkes. Auto mechanic: Kushanda pasi pehodhi. Mason Cross. 2020.

[3] T. C. Garrett, C. Newton, uye W. Steeds. Automobile. 13^th shanduro. Butterworth-Heinemann. 2001.

[4] Michel Seidel. Mitemo ye catalytic converter. Yakadzorerwa kubva https://legalbeagle.com/7194804-catalytic-converter-laws.html. Legal beagle. 2018.