Hondo yeFrance muIndochina 1945-1954 chikamu 3

Muna Zvita 1953, mukuru-mukuru wemauto eFrench Union muIndochina, General Navarre, akasarudza kuti hondo kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweVietnam yaisagona kudziviswa. Panzvimbo payo, akasarudza mupata weChin Bien Phu waigara muFrance, wakashanduka kuita nhare, yaifanirwa kuunza kukundwa kumauto eNorth Vietnam uye kuve kutanga kwekugumbura kwemauto eFrench Union kuchamhembe kweVietnam. Nekudaro, General Giap akange asiri kuzoita chirongwa cheNavarre.

General Navarre akanga achiri nemukana mukutanga kwaDecember 1953 kuti aite kubviswa kwakakwana kwemauto kubva kuChin Bien Phu, asi pakupedzisira akaramba pfungwa iyi nechisarudzo chaDecember 3, 1953. Akabva asimbisa mukuraira kuti hondo kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweVietnam yaigona. usadziviswa. Akasiya zvachose pfungwa yekubuda kubva kuChin Bien Phu uye kufambisa dziviriro kumabvazuva kuenda kuBani reJars, uko kwaive nenhandare dzendege nhatu dziri nyore kudzivirira. Mukurongeka, Navarre akataura kuti Chin Bien Phu inofanira kuchengetwa chero ipi zvayo, iyo Mutungamiriri weFrance Joseph Laniel akaziva makore akazotevera yakanga isingaenderane nehurongwa hwekudzivirira kurwisana kwakazaruka nemauto makuru eVi Viet Minh panguva iyoyo. Makore gare gare, Navarre akapokana kuti kubuda kubva kuChin Bien Phu kwaive kusisagoneke, asi kusingafadzi nekuda kwe "mukurumbira weFrance", pamwe chete nedanho rehurongwa.

Haana kutenda mishumo yehungwaru yeFrance nezve kuunganidzwa kwemapoka akati wandei evavengi pedyo neNavarre. Sekureva kwemunyori wechiFrench Jules Roy: Navarre aivimba iye oga, aikahadzika zvakanyanya nezvese ruzivo rwakasvika kwaari, asi haruna kubva kwaanobva. Ainyanya kusavimba naTonkin, sezvo akawedzera kugutsikana kuti Konyi akanga achivaka humambo hwake ega ikoko uye achitamba zvaanoda. Pamusoro pezvo, Navarre akafuratira zvinhu zvakaita sekusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze uye akatenda kuti kurova (rutsigiro rwepedyo) uye ndege dzekutakura dzaizopa dziviriro kuViet Minh, iyo yaizove isina artillery kana dziviriro yemhepo. Navarra akafunga kuti kurwiswa kweChin Bien Phu kwaizonyanya kuitwa nemauto e316th Infantry Division (mamwe mapurisa aitenda kuti iyi yaive fungidziro yakanyanyisa uye musasa waigona kurwiswa neuto guru). Netarisiro yaGeneral Navarre, kubudirira kwepakutanga sekudzivirira kwakabudirira kweNa San uye Muong Khua kunogona kusimbiswa. Zviitiko zve 26 Mbudzi 1953 pamwe hazvina kukosha, apo kurwiswa kukuru kweF8F Bearcats vachishandisa mabhomba emazuva ese uye napalm zvakanetesa zvakanyanya kurwisa kugona kwe316th Infantry Division.

Navarre aidavira kuti kuungana kwemauto kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweVietnam kwaive kutevedzera kurwiswa kweChin Bien Phu, uye mukuita kwaive kugadzirira kurwiswa kweLaos, iyo Navarre aigara achitaura nezvayo. Pano zvakakodzera kuwedzera dingindira reLaos, sezvo yaive nyika yakabatana zvine chekuita neParis. Kubva munaNovember 23, Hanoi Consul Paul Sturm, mumharidzo kuDhipatimendi reHurumende muWashington, akabvuma kuti murairo weFrance waitya kuti kufamba kwe316th Infantry Division kwakanga kugadzirira kwete kurwisa Chin Bien Phu kana Lai Chau, asi. nokuda kwekurwisa Laos. Basa renyika iyi rakawedzera zvakanyanya mushure meNovember 22, 1953, apo chibvumirano chakasainwa muParis, icho chakaziva rusununguko rweLaos mukati mehurongwa hweFrench Union (Union Française). France yakatanga kudzivirira Laos neguta rayo guru, Luang Phrabang, izvo, zvisinei, zvaive zvakaoma nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechiuto, nekuti pakanga pasina kana airport ipapo. Saka, Navarre yaida kuti Chin Bien Phu ive kiyi yekudzivirira kwete yekuchamhembe kweVietnam chete asiwo nechepakati peLaos. Aitarisira kuti mauto eLao achakurumidza kumisa nzira dzekufamba pamusoro penyika pamutsetse kubva kuChin Bien Phu kuenda kuLuang Prabang.

Verenga zvakawanda muzvinyorwa zveWojsko i Technika Historia:

Hondo yeFrance muIndochina 1945 - 1954 chikamu 1

Hondo yeFrance muIndochina 1945 - 1954 chikamu 2

Hondo yeFrance muIndochina 1945 - 1954 chikamu 3