Aripi hydrogen mota dzakagadzirwa
Famba nepamhepo yekugadzira hydrogen. Toyota Mirai
Ari pano. Chaizvoizvo. Anonyemwerera nenzira yehushamwari uye yekutanga. Asi haana chaanotaura. Akio Toyoda, sachigaro webhodhi revatungamiriri veToyota, iyo parizvino iri yechipiri pakukura mota inogadzira mota, haigone kutaura. Izvo zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nekambani zvakakosha kupfuura mazwi uye zvinopa zvimwe zvirimo kumufananidzo.
Mauri maunogona kusanganisira chiratidzo chekufananidzira nemvura yedu yakatarwa, yakagadziridzwa ne ... hydrogen. Inonzi ine mhedzisiro yechinwiwa chine caffeine uye parizvino inozivikanwa muJapan. Nekudaro, isu tatova vanofara chaizvo nenyaya yekuti tiri panzvimbo yeMotomachi muToyota City, yakavakwa muna 1959 uye iri makiromita makumi mana kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweNagoya. Parizvino, pano pakati peJapan, mamiriro ekunze ari kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pamamiriro ekugezesa chiutsi, uye mukati mekambani, patiri vatenzi vane mutsa, vanhu vari chimwe chinhu senge masimba akasarudzika eiri kunetseka basa. Yaiva pano kuti kubva kumagumo a40 kusvika 2010, makopi mazana mashanu eLexus LFA supercar, akagadzirwa kubva kumacolar fiber-akasimbisa ma polymers, mota yekurota yemutungamiri wekambani. Iye pachezvake akatora chinzvimbo nemhando yakadzidziswa mujaho wemaawa makumi maviri nemaviri kuNurburgring.
Motokari kubva ikozvino zen
Zvisinei, ikozvino chimwe chinhu chakasiyana zvachose uye chinonzi Mirai. Kugadzirwa kwayo kunoitika chinyararire, mune mhando yegadheni yeZen iri pakati pefekitori hombe. Vashandi makumi mashanu vanounganidza mota gumi nematatu pazuva, kana mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu pamwedzi. Izvi zvinoitwa nemaoko pazviteshi zvishanu zvekushandira uye zvinotanga nekadhi rakapendwa. Iyo yekupedzisira iri kugadzirwa zvakare muMotomachi, mune imwe imba yakatosiyana. Kunyangwe glue kune magirazi ane hwema chaihwo anoiswa neruoko, nekuti zvingave zvisina basa kune iro robhoti. Uye kuitira kuti vashandi vakwanise kushambadza tsandanyama, seMirai maneja weprojekti Yoshikatsu Tanaka anoseka. Anotarisa kune ramangwana pasina kuseka, achiti mumakore mashanu kambani ichaburitsa kakapetwa kagumi zvakapetwa kupfuura iyo hydrogen modhi. Anowedzera kuti: "Zveizvi tichashandisa nzira nyowani yekugadzira uye nekugadzira mota nyowani." ane basa rakawanda.
Pafekitori, runyararo rwakanyarara, rusinganzwisisike runorira neBontempi zvemagetsi toni, zvishoma masipika masipika. Mahoridhe evashandi? Kwete, kwete izvozvi, nekuti izvozvi mota inosvika pane inonzi "muchato", iyo nguva iyo iyo nzira yesimba rese yakabatana nemuviri. Varume vaviri vanomuunza pasi payo nerubatsiro rwengoro yemaoko, mushure mezvo kuiswa kwe "chemikemikari" uku, pamwe chete nemakirinda ehydrogen, inosimudzwa nerubatsiro rwehomwe inokwenenzverwa ine mabhegi.
Zvinodhura mbishi zvigadzirwa
Chinhu chinodzikamisa chemusika weMirai hachisi chete kugadzirwa kwehydrogen uye zvivakwa zvepowertrain yayo, asiwo chokwadi chekuti zvinodhura uye zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvakaita seplatinamu zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira mota pachayo. Kana tikaziva nezve izvi, pane kakunakidzwa kudiki, nekuti isu takavhara nzira yezvisinganzwisisike nzira yekutakura zvidimbu zvidiki - ngoro yakapendwa muuswa hwakasvibirira uye chena, ichityairwa nemuJapan ane ruzivo rwakanyanya, uyo waakatora akanyatsotora. kumusoro. . Chokwadi, nhasi tinoyambuka nzira kakawanda tosangana naye. Zvichakadaro, 154 hp inogara magineti yemagetsi synchronous mota iri kusvika kuti iiswe pazasi pane imwe nzvimbo yekushandira. Uye kuti vashandi vasadikitira, maratidziro emaT-shirt ebhuruu akacheneruka anogona kuonekwa mumotokari, mweya mutsva wakatonhodzwa unotumirwa kuchiteshi chega chega kuburikidza nemapombi esirivha akakombama.
Vanopfuura hafu yevanhu vari muchikwata chinoshanda pano vaibatanidzwa muchirongwa cheLFA pavakaburitsa mota inodhura-diki ine-inomhanya-mhanya injini V10 injini. Mumwe wavo ari pamusuwo wehoro, uye kumuremekedza uye kudada nenyaya yekuti vakagadzira muchina unoshamisa unoonekwa mumaziso evamwe. Kunyangwe mambo nemukadzi wake, vanoshanyira Motomachi, vanopa rukudzo kumhando yepamusoro-soro uye avant-garde chimiro, naAkio Toyoda iye pachake achishanda semutungamiri wega.
Kufungisisa ndapota
Nhasi hakuna mhemberero dzakadai pafekitari, izuva rekushanda rakajairwa. Saka, tinogona kuona zvese zvinoitika mairi - semuenzaniso, rori yekusimudza yemagetsi inotakura zvikamu kuenda kumabasa. Rori yemagetsi ndiyo tsananguro chaiyo, asi isina kukwana kupihwa chokwadi chekuti imota yemafuta senge Mirai. Pakazosvika 2020, ese zana nemakumi manomwe edzimotokari idzi dzinofanira kunge dzakadai. Vanotitsanangurira kuti vakanyanya kunyarara, nokuti mutyairi anofanira kunge akanyatsoisa pfungwa pabasa rake. Mwari ngaakuregedze iwe netsaona kufambisa plug uye kukuvadza chimwe chinhu mumotokari kana munzvimbo yakapoteredza - nekuti zvese zvakatenderedza zvinodhura zvakanyanya.
Zvichida inguva yekuyeuka kuti fuel cell chinhu chakaoma chinogadzira magetsi anoenderana nemakemikari maitiro umo okisijeni kubva mumhepo inosanganiswa nehydrogen pasina kuvepo kwekupisa kwakanyanya. MuMirai, iyo inonzi fuel cell package iri pasi pezvigaro zvemberi. Inofambiswa nematangi makuru maviri ehydrogen - maviri kuti aiswe pamotokari inotevera ari kuedzwa pari zvino kuti abude here kuti aone kana akakuvadzwa munzira kubva kumutengesi kuenda kufekitari. Kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo ye-cylindrical composite, iyo inofanirwa kuchengetedza hydrogen pakumanikidzwa kwe700 bar, inoiswa jekiseni nehelium pakumanikidzwa kwe900 bar. Nokudaro, kana pane kukanganisa, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, mushandi angatanga kutaura nezwi rakashandurwa rinoputika, asi hapana ngozi yemidziyo inobhururuka mumhepo. Sezvo mutemo, maitiro akapedzwa panzvimbo yega yega yekushandira anoda kubvumidzwa pane yakakosha piritsi, uye kana paine dambudziko, rubatsiro runogona kukumbirwa - iro rinofanana neyakajairwa Toyota kugadzirwa maitiro.
Kutarisa, kurovedza muviri
Chitima chinotakura zvinhu chinotangazve, uye mutyairi nemurindi vachiri pabasa. Chinhu chimwe chiri pachena: kugadzirwa kweMirai kuri kusvika kumagumo. Chizvarwa chinotevera chichavakirwa paToyota TNGA modular system, asi ichagadzirwa mune imwe musangano uye, mune mukana, mune imwe chirimwa. Uye hazviite kuti ive yakawanda compact, nekuti dhiraivha inoda yakawanda nzvimbo. Nekudaro, marongero ayo anonyatso kuve anoshanda seyakagadziriswa nzvimbo, ichibvumidza kushandiswa kwezvigaro zvishanu panzvimbo pezvina zviripo.
Mutyairi haana chaanonzwisisa nezve zvese izvi zvemashiripiti mashiripiti. Imotokari yakareba mamita 4,89 yakabhururuka nepafekitori ikamira kwenguva pfupi. Tinogona zvakare kuisa kune inonzi Ecofuel Town muToyota City chirongwa chebudiriro chinoratidza imba yeramangwana.
Izvo ndezve izvozvi. Akapfeka tracksuit, Akio anoenderera mberi akamira pakona pasina chaataura. Inoita kunge komiki bhuku bhuku. Zvichida nekuti iye chaiye mutambi wemabhuku. Yakagadzirwa nemakadhibhokisi, mita imwe kukwirira. Hooray! Hydrogen mvura.
Musoro: Jens Drale
Mufananidzo: Wolfgang Gröger-Mayer
Mirai sechikwata chekukurumidzira
Dzese Mirai mota dzinotengeswa kuJapan dzine nzvimbo yekubatira magetsi mutangi. Iwo akanyanya simba kuburitswa kwemapfumbamwe kilowatts akaderedzwa kusvika ku4,5 kW kubva ku500 yen (000 euros) inoshandura. Nekudaro, iyo hydrogen-inobhadharisa mota inogona kupa magetsi kune chaiyo imba kwevhiki riine avhareji yekushandisa ingangoita 3800 kW. Sei izvi zvese zvichidikanwa? MuJapan, uko kudengenyeka kwenyika kunowanzoitika, kudzima magetsi kwemaawa ndiwo mutemo pane kungosiiwa. Mumatambudziko akadaro, Mirai anova jenareta anobatsira, izvo, zvisinei, zvinoda kushomeka kugadzirisa. Hazvisi kujekesa parizvino kana chimiro ichi chicha shandiswa mhiri kwemakungwa.
