VAZ 2104 jenareta: mutyairi bhuku
Zviri mukati
VAZ 2104 muenzaniso wemugadziri wepamba, wakabudiswa kubva muna 1984 kusvika muna 2012. Vatyairi veRussia vachiri kutyaira "mana" nhasi, sezvo motokari isinganyengeri mukushanda uye inokwanisika maererano nekugadzirisa. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zve 2104 ijenareta yeAvtoVAZ, iyo inokonzera kushanda kwemotokari yose. Zvisinei, pasinei nenhoroondo yakareba yemuenzaniso, varidzi vachiri nemibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pekushanda, kuputsika uye kugadziriswa kwechikamu ichi.
Vaz 2104 jenareta: mudziyo chinangwa
Pasi pehodhi ye "ina" kune nzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana uye zvikamu, saka dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kune anotanga kubata nekumwe kuputsika. Ndiyo jenareta iyo inofadza zvikuru kuVAZ 2104, sezvo mamwe ma mechanics emotokari "kutamba" kubva mubasa rayo.
An autogenerator mudziyo une basa guru nderekushandura simba kubva kumakanika kuenda kumagetsi, ndiko kuti, kugadzira ikozvino. Izvozvi, chaizvoizvo, jenareta inovimbisa kushanda kwakagadzikana kwezvose zvinoshandiswa nemagetsi mumotokari, uye inochengetedza bhatiri yekubhadhara chiyero.
Kuita basa rayo mudzimba jenareta, rinotevera basa rinoitika:
- Pakarepo mushure mekunge mutyairi atanga motokari, simba rine chiratidzo chekuwedzera rinopfuura nepakati pekupisa kune imwe nzvimbo yekuchengetedza, mwenje wechaji, rectifier uye unobuda kuburikidza nekudzivirira kune simba nechiratidzo cheminus.
- Kana mwenje wepaneru yezviridzwa mukabhini uchivhenekera nezve kubatidza simba, iyo "plus" inopinda mujenareta - pamhepo yemhangura.
- Mhepo inoshandura chiratidzo uye ichiendesa kune pulley muchimiro chemagetsi simba.
- Iyo pulley inotanga kutenderera, ichigadzira magetsi.
- Iyo inotsinhanisa ikozvino yakawanikwa inoendeswa kune bhatiri uye mamwe maturusi muchimiro chemotokari.
Hunhu hunokosha hwejenereta "ina"
Iyo yenguva dzose jenareta yeG-2104 modhi yakaiswa paVAZ 222. Ichi chigadziro chakajairwa chakagadzirwa neAvtoVAZ chine kuita kwakagadzikana. Kana tikataura nezvehunyanzvi hunhu hweG-222 jenareta, zvino dzinoratidzwa mune zvinotevera zviratidzo:
- iyo yakawanda inogona kuitika ikozvino simba apo rotor inotenderera 5000 rpm - 55 A;
- voltage - kusvika 14 V;
- simba - kusvika ku500 watts;
- kutenderera kwe rotor kunoitika munzira yakarurama;
- uremu hwechigadzirwa chisina pulley ndeye 4.2 kilogram;
- zviyero: kureba - 22 cm, upamhi - 15 cm, kureba - 12 cm.
Jenereta paVAZ 2104 yakaiswa zvakananga paimba yemotokari kudivi rayo rorudyi. Kutanga jenareta kunovimbiswa nekufamba kwe crankshaft pakarepo mushure mekudzima.
Ndeapi jenareta anogona kuiswa paVAZ 2104
Mutyairi haagari achigutsikana nebasa renguva dzose VAZ jenareta. Chinhu chacho ndechokuti chigadzirwa chacho chakagadzirirwa mitoro yakanyatsotsanangurwa, uye kana mamwe midziyo yemagetsi yakabatanidzwa, haichakwanisi kushanda nebasa rayo.
Saka, varidzi ve "vana" vanowanzofunga nezvekuisa jenareta itsva, ine simba, uye inogona kushandiswa pasina matambudziko:
- mamwe magetsi emagetsi;
- new sound system;
- navigator.
Majenareta eG-222 neG-221 anonyanya kufanana kune mumwe nemumwe, nemusiyano chete uri wekuti G-221 inoburitsa 5 amperes zvishoma. Naizvozvo, pangadai pasina chikonzero mukutsiva kwakadaro.
Zvakanakira VAZ 2104 kutenga jenareta kubva KATEK kana KZATEM (Samara Plant). Vanogadzira kusvika ku75 A, iyo inogamuchirwa nemotokari. Mukuwedzera, dhizaini yeSamara jenareta yakanyatsokodzera kune "mana".
Inonyanya kufarirwa ndeye Western generator - Bosch, Delphi. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti nzira dzeVAZ hadzina kugadzirirwa kuiswa kwemidziyo yeEurope, saka zvigadziro zvechigadziro zvinofanira kuvandudzwa.
Varidzi veVAZ 2104 pachavo vanofunga kuti haisi jenareta ine simba chete inodiwa, asi chigadziri chine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro:
Ndinofunga kuti jenareta rine simba rakawanda harigadzirise dambudziko iri, tinoda jenareta risina simba, asi rine zvakawanda zvinobuda nekumhanya kusina maturo. , asi zvakare inodhura 2 zvakapetwa kudhura !!!) Asi nefoglights yako, hazvizogone paXX. Vanoda 5W / 50V = 13A * 3,85 + imwe ~ 4A yezviyero uye yakanyudzwa danda = 10A. , manyawi ejenareta, redhiyo, pakupedzisira ... Iwe unogona, chokwadi, kuedza kutsiva pulley pajenareta nedhayamita diki kuitira kuti jenareta shaft itenderere nenhamba yepamusoro yekuchinja. bhanhire inogona kunge isina kukwana, uye bhanhire harigoni kudzvinyirirwa.Hongu, uye kune mabheji ejenereta uye rotor winding, kutenderera nepamusoro akaverengwa kushanduka hakuna kunaka.
Nokudaro, muridzi weVAZ 2104 anofanira kunyatsonzwisisa kuti ndezvipi zvinangwa zvaanoda kuisa jenareta itsva kuti aite.
Iyo jenareta yakabatana sei
Jenareta inonyanya kushandiswa kwemagetsi, saka zvakakosha zvikuru kuibatanidza nemazvo. Kazhinji vatyairi vane matambudziko ekubatanidza, sezvo mawaya akati wandei emavara akasiyana uye ukobvu anofanirwa kubatanidzwa kune iyo kesi, uye mudziyo unofanirwawo kuve neiyo polarization chaiyo.
Nzira iri nyore yekubatanidza jenereta kumagadzirirwo emotokari inoenderana nechirongwa ichi. Jenereta stator ine matatu-phase winding, iyo yakabatanidzwa maererano ne "nyeredzi" chirongwa. Iyo bhatiri yekuchaja chiratidzo relay yakabatana kune "zero" terminal. Uyezve, kubatana kunoitwa maererano nechirongwa.
Nzira yekuita sei neboka rewaya
Jenereta chigadzirwa chemagetsi, saka hapana chinoshamisa mukuti mawaya akawanda ane mavara akawanda akabatanidzwa kwairi kamwechete. Kuti zvive nyore, unogona kushandisa chirevo ichi:
- iyo yero waya inouya kubva kune yekudzora mwenje-chiratidzo chekushandisa mune kabhini;
- gobvu grey - kubva kune regulator relay kune mabhurashi;
- gobvu dzakaonda - dzakabatanidzwa kune relay;
- orenji inoshanda sechimwe chekubatanidza uye inowanzobatanidzwa pamwe chete newaya yakatetepa grey panguva yekuisa.
Jenareta chishandiso
VAZ 2104 ine mureza weG-222 jenareta. Kubvira muna 1988, yakave yakagadziridzwa uye yakatanga kushevedzwa nekuisa 37.3701 (chaizvoizvo zvigadzirwa zvakaiswa paVAZ 2108). G-222 uye 37.3707 inosiyana chete mu data ye windings, kuvapo kweakavakirwa-mukati regulator relay.
Chigadzirwa chacho chinosungirirwa kubhuroketi yakakandwa painjini ine bhoti imwe uye pini imwe. Iyi fastener yakakwana kune yakavimbika kushanda kwejenereta.
G-222 ine zvikamu zvakawanda, iyo huru ndiyo rotor, stator uye zvivharo.
Rotor
Rotor chinhu chinotenderera chejenareta. Inosanganisira shaft ine corrugated surface. Sleeve yesimbi nemapango akaiswa pashaft, ayo pamwechete anoumba musimboti wemunda wemagetsi.
Rotor inotenderera mumabhora maviri. Zvakakosha kuti mabheya akavharwa, kureva kuti, haadi mamwe mafuta. Nokudaro, kana vakaputsa nekufamba kwenguva, zviri nyore kuvatsiva.
Chisimudziso
Pulley inoiswawo pane rotor shaft. Pane maburi matatu akareba pamusoro pepulley - ichi chinhu chinodiwa chechimiro chekufema kwejenereta uye kudzivirira kwechigadzirwa kubva pakupisa. Iyo pulley inogamuchira simba rekutenderera kubva ku crankshaft uye inoendesa kune rotor.
Stator ine windings
Iyo stator inogadzirwa nemagetsi simbi mahwendefa. Mahwendefa ese akabatanidzwa mune imwe yakazara newelding. Kuputika kwetambo yemhangura kunopinzwa mumigero yakakosha yechigadzirwa. Zvakare, imwe neimwe yematatu emhepo inokamurwa kuita makoiri matanhatu.
Regulator relay
Regulator relay ndiro ndiro ine dunhu remagetsi. Basa guru rendiro iyi nderekudzora magetsi pakubuda kwekesi, saka chinhu chinosungirirwa kumashure kwejenareta.
Brushes
Mabhurashi ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru musimba rekugadzira simba. Iwo akasungirirwa mumubati webhurashi uye anowanikwawo pane stator.
Diode zambuko
A diode bhiriji (kana rectifier) iri muchimiro musanganiswa weanhu matanhatu diode, ayo anomisikidzwa akaenzana chinhambwe pane rimwe bhodhi. A rectifier inodiwa kuitira kugadzirisa alternating current uye kuita kuti igare, yakagadzikana. Saizvozvowo, kana imwe ye diode ikakundikana, pachava nezvinetso mukushanda kwejenereta.
Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta
Kuongorora kushanda kwejenareta paVAZ 2104 kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakawanda. Diagnostics ine oscilloscope kana pachigadziko inosanganisira kubata nyanzvi, saka ngatifungei iyo yakapusa yekuzviita-iwe pachako nzira yekuongorora.
Kuti utarise jenareta, iwe uchada zvinotevera zvishandiso:
- multimeter;
- girobhu remwenje rine waya dzakatengeswa;
- waya dzekubatanidza pakati pejenareta nebhatiri.
Verification process
Mushure mekunge mota yatonhora pasi, unogona kutanga kutarisa:
- Vhura bhoneti.
- Batanidza waya dzegirobhu kune alternator yekupinza terminal uye rotor.
- Batanidza waya dzemagetsi: zvakaipa kune "minus" terminal yebhatiri uye kune jenareta pasi, yakanaka kune "plus" terminal yejenereta uye kune yayo inobuda terminal.
- Zviri nani kubatanidza huwandu hwekupedzisira kuitira kuti urege kugadzira pfupi pfupi mumambure.
- Tevere, vhura iyo multimeter, batanidza imwe probe kune "plus" yebhatiri, imwe kune "minus" yebhatiri.
- Mushure meizvozvo, mwenje wekuyedza unofanirwa kuvhenekera.
- Iyo multimeter inofanira kuratidza inenge 12.4 V.
- Tevere, iwe unofanirwa kubvunza mubatsiri kuti apinze jenareta. Panguva imwecheteyo, unogona kuvhura zvigadziri zvemwenje paVAZ.
- Iyo multimeter kuverenga haifanirwe kudonha kana kusvetuka zvakanyanya. Iyo yakajairika nzira yekushanda kwejenereta kubva 11.9 kusvika 14.1 V, kana chiratidzo chakaderera, jenareta ichakurumidza kutadza, kana yakakwirira, ipapo bhatiri rinogona kuvira.
Vhidhiyo: maitiro ekuyedza pane jenareta rakabviswa
Zvinorambidzwa:
- tarisa jenereta kuburikidza nepfupi pfupi, kureva, kuburikidza ne "spark";
- edza kushanda kwejenareta nebhatiri rakabviswa.
Zvikanganiso mukushanda: zviratidzo zvezvinetso uye nzira yekuzvigadzirisa
Maiwe, mukugadzirwa kwemotokari chero ipi zvayo hapana tsanangudzo iyo nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare haizotanga "kuita". Jenareta yeVAZ 2104 kazhinji ine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti chigadzirwa chichashanda nguva dzose mumamiriro ezvinhu.
Mutyairi anofanirwa kutarisisa kuratidzwa kwese kwekusashanda pabasa rake kuitira kuti azvibvise nenguva uye yakachengeteka.
Sei mwenje wechiratidzo chekuchaja wakauya pane chiridzwa?
Muchokwadi, iri ndiro basa regirobhu remwenje - kuratidza mutyairi panguva iyo pasina kubhadharisa kwakakwana muhurongwa. Nekudaro, girobhu remwenje harishande nguva dzose nekuda kweichi chikonzero:
- iyo alternator bhanhire yakatanga kutsvedza - inofanirwa kumira uye kugadzirisa dhigirii rekunetsa kwayo;
- pane kukuvadzwa mune relay rambi relay, saka haashande nemazvo - unofanirwa "kuridza" relay uye uve nechokwadi chekuti iri kushanda nemazvo;
- kutyora mumhepo - iwe uchafanirwa kuparadzanisa jenareta, kuchenesa zvese zvinongedzo zvinongedzo uye, pamwe, shandura regulator relay kune imwe nyowani;
- mabhurashi akasakara - zvakakosha kuatsiva nematsva;
- dunhu diki mune imwe yeanogadzirisa diode - zvichave zvakakosha kana kushandura diode, kana iyo diode bhiriji kamwechete.
Sei bhatiri risingachaji paunenge uchityaira?
Imwe yezvinetso zvinowanzoitika paVAZ 2104. Zvechokwadi, kusashanda uku kunowanzowanikwa paG-222 jenereta, iyo, panguva yekushanda, haibhadhari bhatiri nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda:
- iyo alternator bhanhire yakarasikirwa nekunetseka kwayo - zvakakosha kuigadzirisa;
- panguva yekushanda, kusungirirwa kwetambo kunopera pakati pejenereta uye bhatiri yakasunungurwa - zvakakosha kuchenesa vanobatana, kana zvichidiwa, kutsiva tambo dzakakanganiswa;
- Bhatiri yakashata - kana dambudziko rekuchaja rakaonekwa pakarepo mushure mekutora bhatiri, saka haufanirwe kupa mhosva jenareta, kazhinji, iwe unongoda kutenga bhatiri nyowani zvakare;
- kukuvara kwakaonekwa mune voltage regulator - chenesa vese vanobatika uye ita shuwa kuti wiring yakamira.
Vhidhiyo: kutsvaga zvikonzero zvekushaikwa kwekuchaja kwebhatiri
Chii chinoita kuti bhatiri ripere
Kubikira bhatiri kunogona kutorwa sedanho rekupedzisira re "hupenyu" hwebhatiri. Mushure mezvose, kunyangwe mushure mekuwedzera refueling, hapana vimbiso yekuti bhatiri rinoshanda zvakajairika:
- kushamwaridzana kusina kunaka pakati pe "pasi" uye magetsi ekugadzirisa dzimba - unoda kudzorera kusangana, kana zvichidiwa, kutsiva zviteshi;
- kukuvadza kune regulator - zviri nani kuti uitsive pakarepo nechitsva;
- kusashanda mubhatiri pachayo - kungotsiva bhatiri kunoponesa.
Ruzha rukuru apo jenareta riri kushanda - rakanaka here kana kuti rakaipa
Nzira dzose dzine zvikamu zvinofamba zvinowanzoita ruzha panguva yekushanda. Uye jenareta VAZ 2104 hapana mutsauko. Zvisinei, kana mutyairi akatanga kuona kuti ruzha urwu rwuri kuwedzera zuva nezuva, zvichave zvakakodzera kuwana chikonzero cheizvi:
- iyo nut pa pulley yakasunungurwa - jenereta inofanira kunyatsogadziriswa mune imwe nzvimbo, saka iwe uchafanirwa kusimbisa zvisungo zvayo;
- mabhengi akaputsika - zvinokurudzirwa kuparadzanisa jenareta uye kushandura mabheya pane rotor;
- pakanga paine pfupi pfupi dunhu mumhepo - iwe unofanirwa kukurumidza kuchinja iyo yese stator;
- mabhurashi creaked - zvinodikanwa kuchenesa nzvimbo yavo uye vanobatika.
Kugadzirisa jenareta paVAZ 2104
Kutaura zvazviri, kugadzirisa jenareta yemotokari haisi iyo inonyanya kuoma basa. Zvakakosha kubvisa zvakanaka uye kuparadzanisa chigadzirwa, uye kuchinjwa kwezvikamu zvakatsva kana zvakasakara zvinonzwisisika. Nokudaro, vatyairi vemotokari vanoti basa rekugadzirisa paG-222 riri mukati mesimba remutyairi asina kumbobvisa jenereta.
Kubvisa jenareta kubva mumotokari
Zvebasa, iwe uchafanirwa kugadzirira pachine nguva seti shoma yezvishandiso:
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe10;
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe17;
- Open end wrench 19.
Mushure mekunge mota yatonhora pasi, unogona kutanga kubvisa. Maitiro acho ari nyore uye haadi ruzivo rwakananga mumunda wemidziyo yemagetsi:
- Bvisa vhiri kubva kurudyi kumberi kwemotokari.
- Ita shuwa kuti mota yakachengeteka pane jack.
- Kamba kudivi rekurudyi uye tsvaga jenareta kesi.
- Sunungura nati yepasi inosungirirwa, asi usakurura.
- Sunungura nzungu pachigadziko chepamusoro, zvakare pasina kuisunungura zvakadaro.
- Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unogona kutsvedza imba yejenareta painjini - nenzira iyi bhanhire rinosunungurwa, rinogona kubviswa kubva mupulley pasina kukuvara.
- Bvisa waya kubva kune jenareta inobuda.
- Bvisa wiring kubva pamhepo.
- Bvisa waya kubva mumabhurashi.
- Bvisa nzungu dzepasi nedzepamusoro.
- Dhonza jenareta kwauri, bvisa kubva mubhuraketi reinjini.
Vhidhiyo: mirairo yekubvisa
Chigadzirwa chacho chinogona kunge chakasviba zvakanyanya, saka usati wabvisa, zvinokurudzirwa kupukuta nyaya yacho. Zvechokwadi, panguva yekuparadzanisa, guruva rinogona kupinda mukati mezvikamu zvemukati uye rinotungamirira kune pfupi pfupi.
Nzira yekubvisa sei jenareta
Nhanho inotevera yebasa inoda shanduko yezvishandiso:
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe19;
- chipanera kiyi 19;
- ratchet (iwe unogona kuwedzera tambo yekuwedzera);
- musoro 8;
- musoro 10;
- mbambaira duku.
Usati waparadza imba yejenareta, zvakakoshawo kugadzirira midziyo umo iwe uchaisa zvikamu zviduku (nzungu, washers, screws). Iwe unogona kutosaina kubva kune imwe michina zvimwe zvikamu zvakabviswa, kuitira kuti gare gare zvive nyore kuunganidza jenareta kumashure:
- Danho rokutanga nderokusunungura nzungu ina dziri pabutiro rekuseri.
- Zvadaro, bvisa pulley, nokuda kweizvi unoda kusunungura nut yekusimbisa kwayo.
- Mushure memuviri unogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri. Chimwe chikamu chinobuda nyore kubva kune chimwe. Somugumisiro, jenereta inoputika kuva stator ine mhepo uye rotor.
- Bvisa pulley kubva kune rotor - inowanzobuda nyore nyore. Kana pakaoma, unogona kuibaya nesando.
- Dhonza rotor nemabhengi kunze kweimba.
- Disassemble stator muzvikamu, uchiedza kusabata mhepo.
Vhidhiyo: mirairo yekubvisa mudziyo
Maitiro ekugadzirisa jenareta
Mushure mekuita kwekubvisa chigadzirwa, iwe uchada kunyatsoongorora chikamu chimwe nechimwe. Chikamu chinoda kutsiviwa kana:
- iyo yakafukidzwa nechifukidzo chekupisa uye soot;
- kupfeka kwakanyanya kunoonekwa;
- pane kuputika uye notches pamusoro pepamusoro;
- chitarisiko chakaremara.
Saizvozvo, kuitira kugadzirisa kuzere, zvinodikanwa kutsiva nzira dzakakundikana dzejenareta nemitsva. Iye zvino zvakaoma chaizvo kuwana zvinhu zvakakodzera paVAZ 2104, saka zvakakodzera kuongorora pakarepo kukwanisa kwekugadzirisa basa. Zvichida zviri nyore kutenga jenareta yepakutanga pane kutambisa nguva uchitsvaga zvinodiwa zvakasara?
Zvichienderana nekure kwematunhu kubva kuMoscow, G-222 inogona kukosheswa pakati pe4200 ne5800 rubles.
Kana nzira yekugadzira chigadzirwa yakasarudzwa, ichave yakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zvakafanana kune zvakajairwa zvinhu. Kunyangwe mutsauko mudiki kubva kuchikamu che "chizvarwa" chinogona kutungamirira kune zvisiri izvo kushanda kwejenereta uye kunyange kuparara kwayo.
Tsiva maitiro panguva yekusangana kwechigadzirwa mune reverse order.
Vhidhiyo: mirayiridzo yekugadzirisa
Jenareta seti bhandi reVAZ 2104
Nekuda kwenhoroondo refu ye "mana", mhando mbiri dzealternator mabhandi akaiswa pamotokari:
- Bhandi rekare raive rakatsetseka, sezvo madhiraivha ekutyaira aivewo nechepamusoro.
- Bhandi remuenzaniso mutsva rakagadzirwa ne-high-simba rabha uye rine mazino, sezvo madhiraivha akatanga kugadzirwa nemazino ekubatana kwakavimbika.
Kana tikataura nezvemabhandi matsva, saka vatyairi vanosarudza kuisa zvigadzirwa kubva kuGerman mugadziri Bosch - vane hupenyu hwesevhisi uye vanonzwa vakanaka pane "mana".
Bhandi rakajairika rinorema 0.068 kg uye rine zviyero zvinotevera:
- kureba - 250 mm;
- upamhi - 8 mm;
- ukobvu - 2 mm.
Kugadzirisa bhanhire
Mubvunzo wakajeka unomuka wekuti ungasimbisa sei bhanhire mushure mekugadzirisa kana kugadzirisa jenereta, nokuti kubudirira kwechigadzirwa kunobva pane izvi. Unofanira kutevera mirairo inotevera:
- Isai alternator panzvimbo nekusimbisa mapeji maviri ekusungira hafu.
- Izvo zvinodiwa kuomesa nuts kusvikira kurohwa kwejenereta kweimba hakupfuuri 2 cm.
- Isai pry bar kana gobvu refu bhaudhi pakati pealternator imba nepombi yemvura.
- Isa bhanhire pamapulleys.
- Pasina kusunungura kudzvinyirira kwegomo, simbisa bhanhire.
- Zvadaro, simbisa nati yepamusoro kuchengetedza jenareta.
- Tarisa dhigirii yebhanhire tension - haifaniri kunge yakanyanyisa kana, pane zvinopesana, sag.
- Simbisa pasi nzungu.
Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti bhanhire rine dhigirii rekushanda rekunetsana, zvinodikanwa kutengesa nzvimbo yaro yemahara nemunwe wako mushure mekupedza basa. Rubber inofanira kupa kwete kupfuura 1.5 centimita.
Nokudaro, tinogona kutaura kuti kuzvigadzirisa kwejenereta paVAZ 2104 zvinogoneka uye hazvisi zveboka remabasa asingagoneki. Zvakakosha kutevedzera kurudziro uye algorithms yerimwe basa kuitira kuti uite kugadzirisa kana kuongororwa nenzira yemhando.
