Vaz 2106 jenareta: zvose zvinofanira kuziva muridzi "vatanhatu".
Zviri mukati
Vaz 2106 yakabudiswa kubva 1976 kusvika 2006. Iyo yakapfuma nhoroondo yemuenzaniso uye nhamba huru yevaridzi vemotokari inoita kuti zvikwanise kufunga nezve "nhanhatu" imwe yemotokari dzinozivikanwa kwazvo dzakagadzirwa neAvtoVAZ. Zvisinei, kusvika nhasi, vatyairi vane mibvunzo yakawanda ine chokuita nekushanda uye kugadziriswa kwemuchina uyu. Uye imwe yemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa inogona kunzi idambudziko neVAZ 2106 jenareta.
Vaz 2106 jenareta: chinangwa uye mabasa
Alternator yemotokari chinhu chidiki chemagetsi chine basa guru rekushandura simba remagetsi kuita magetsi. Mukugadzira chero mota, jenareta inodiwa kubhadharisa bhatiri uye kudyisa zvese zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi panguva yekushanda kweinjini.
Nokudaro, bhatiri rinogamuchira simba rinodiwa pakushanda kwemotokari kubva kune jenareta, saka tinogona kutaura kuti jenareta chinhu chinokosha mukugadzirwa kwemotokari chero ipi zvayo.
Ko jenareta inoshanda sei pamotokari yeVAZ 2106? Ese maitiro ekushandura simba kubva kumakanika kuenda kumagetsi anoitwa zvichienderana nehurongwa hwakasimba:
- Mutyairi anobatidza kiyi mukubatidza.
- Pakarepo, ikozvino kubva kubhatiri kuburikidza nemabhurashi uye mamwe maitirwo anopinda mumhepo yekukurudzira.
- Iri mumhepo inotenderera iyo magnetic field inooneka.
- Iyo crankshaft inotanga kutenderera, kubva kune iyo jenareta rotor inofambiswawo (jenereta yakabatana kune crankshaft nebhandi drive).
- Pangosvika iyo rotor jenareta inosvika kune imwe nhanho yekutenderera, jenereta inopinda muchikamu chekuzvifadza, ndiko kuti, mune ramangwana, ese emagetsi masisitimu anopihwa simba kubva pairi chete.
- Chiratidzo chehutano hwejenareta paVAZ 2106 chinoratidzwa muchimiro chemwenje chekutonga pane dashboard, saka mutyairi anogona kugara achiona kana chigadzirwa chacho chine mari yakakwana yekushandisa zvakakwana motokari.
Verenga nezve mudziyo weiyo mudziyo wepaneru VAZ 2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/elektrooborudovanie/panel-priborov/panel-priborov-vaz-2106.html
Jenareta mudziyo G-221
Usati wataura nezve dhizaini yeVAZ 2106 jenareta, zvinofanirwa kujekeswa kuti ine yakasarudzika latches yekuisa pamota. Pamuviri wechigadzirwa pane "nzeve" dzakakosha umo madhidhi anopinzwa, akamonyoroka nenzungu. Uye kuitira kuti "malugi" arege kupera panguva yekushanda, zvikamu zvavo zvemukati zvakagadzirirwa ne-high-simba rubber gasket.
Iyo jenareta pachayo ine zvinhu zvakati wandei, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chatichafunga zvino zvakasiyana. Zvese zvezvishandiso izvi zvakavakwa mulight-alloy die-cast housing. Kuti udzivise chigadziro kubva pakupisa panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu, kune maburi maduku akawanda emhepo munyaya yacho.
Winding
Pamusana pekuti jenereta ine zvikamu zvitatu, windings inoiswa mairi pakarepo. Basa rema windings nderekugadzira magnetic field. Zvechokwadi, tambo yakakosha yemhangura chete inoshandiswa pakugadzira kwavo. Zvisinei, kudzivirira kubva pakupisa, tambo dzinoputika dzakafukidzwa nezvikamu zviviri zvekupisa-kupisa zvinhu kana varnish.
Relay-mutongi
Iri ndiro zita remagetsi emagetsi anodzora magetsi pakubuda kwejenareta. Iyo relay inodiwa kuitira kuti yakanyanya kuganhurirwa huwandu hwevoltage ipinde mubhatiri uye zvimwe zvishandiso. Ndokunge, iro basa guru reiyo relay-regulator ndere kudzora kuwandisa uye kuchengetedza yakaringana voltage munetiweki inosvika 13.5 V.
Rotor
Rotor ndiyo magineti makuru emagetsi ejenareta. Inongova nemhepo imwe chete uye iri pane crankshaft. Ndiyo rotor inotanga kutenderera mushure mekunge crankshaft yatangwa uye inopa kufamba kune zvimwe zvikamu zvese zvemudziyo.
Mabhurashi ejenareta
Mabhurashi ejenareta ari mune zvibatiso zvebhurashi uye anodiwa kugadzira ikozvino. Mukugadzirwa kwese, mabhurashi ndiwo anopera nekukurumidza, sezvo achiita basa guru rekugadzira simba.
Diode zambuko
Zambuko re diode rinowanzonzi rectifier. Inosanganisira 6 diode, iyo inoiswa pane yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi. Basa guru rekugadzirisa ndere kushandura kushandura ikozvino kutungamira ikozvino kuitira kuchengetedza zvose zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi mumotokari zvichifamba zvakanaka.
Chisimudziso
Iyo pulley ndicho chinhu chinotyaira chejenareta. Bhandi rinodhonzwa panguva imwe chete pamapulleys maviri: crankshaft uye jenareta, saka basa remaitiro maviri aya rinoramba rakabatana.
Unyanzvi hunhu hweIVA 2106 jenareta
Pa "nhanhatu" kubva kufekitari pane G-221 jenareta, iyo inorongwa seyakafanana AC mudziyo. Chigadzirwa chacho chakagadzirirwa pane injini kudivi rekurudyi, zvisinei, inogona kugadziriswa chete kana kuchinjwa kubva pasi pemuviri, sezvo zvakaoma kukambaira kusvika kune jenareta kubva kumusoro nekuda kwekuvapo kwehosi dzakawanda, zvishandiso uye zvigadzirwa.
Iyo yakatemerwa voltage yeG-221 inoenderana nevoltage yeyakajairwa VAZ bhatiri - 12 volts. Jenareta rotor inotenderera kurudyi (kana ichionekwa kubva kudivi rekutyaira), sezvo chimiro ichi chinokonzerwa nenzvimbo yejenareta maererano ne crankshaft.
Iyo yakawanda ikozvino iyo VAZ 2106 jenareta inokwanisa kuendesa kune rotor kasi ye 5000 rpm ndeye 42 amperes. Chiyero chesimba chinenge 300 watts.
Chigadzirwa chacho chinorema 4.3 kilograms uye ine zviyero zvinotevera:
- upamhi - 15 cm;
- kukwirira - 15 cm;
- kureba - 22 cm.
Ndeapi majenereta anogona kuiswa pa "nhanhatu"
Nemaitiro, iyo VAZ 2106 yakagadzirira kuisa jenareta pairi iyo isina kupihwa nemugadziri. Mubvunzo unomuka, sei kuchinja "chizvarwa" G-221 zvachose? Kutaura zvazviri, panguva yaro, jenereta iyi ndiyo yakanyatsogadziriswa, sezvo nhamba shoma yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakashandiswa muSoviet Zhiguli.
Zvisinei, nekufamba kwenguva, VAZ 2106 yakatanga kugadzirirwa nemichina yemazuva ano, imwe neimwe inoda "mugove wayo" wesimba.. Mukuwedzera, vatyairi vanobatanidza vafambisi vezvikepe, makamera, mapombi, maodhiyo ane simba uye mamwe madivayiri kubhatiri, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuti jenareta ibudise huwandu hunodiwa hwezvino.
Naizvozvo, varidzi vemotokari vakatanga kutsvaga sarudzo dzemidziyo iyo, kune rumwe rutivi, yaizobvumira midziyo yese mumotokari kuti ishande zvakajairika uye, kune rumwe rutivi, yaizova nemhedzisiro yakakwana pahupenyu hwebhatiri.
Parizvino, mhando dzinotevera dzejenareta dzinogona kupihwa kuVAZ 2106:
- G-222 ijenareta kubva kuLada Niva, iyo yakagadzirirwa mitoro yakakwirira uye inogadzira makumi mashanu amperes ezvino. Iyo G-50 dhizaini yatova neyayo relay relay, saka kana uchiisa paVAZ 222, iwe uchafanirwa kubvisa relay.
- G-2108 inogona kuiswa zvose pa "nhanhatu", uye "manomwe" uye "masere". Chishandiso mukushanda kwakajairwa chinoburitsa 55 amperes yemazuva ano, iyo, kunyangwe neyazvino zviyero, yakaringana pakushanda kwezvinhu zvese zvemagetsi mumotokari. Iyo G-2108 yakafanana muchimiro uye zvisungo kune yenguva dzose G-221, saka hapazove nematambudziko nekutsiva.
- G-2107-3701010 inogadzira 80 amperes uye inoitirwa vanoda zvemhando yepamusoro acoustics uye zvimwe zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa mumotokari. Iro chete caveat: jenareta yeVAZ 2106 ichafanira kuchinjwa zvishoma, sezvo regulator relay haina kukodzera iyi modhi.
Photo gallery: jenareta anogona kuiswa paVAZ 2106
- Iyo Niva mudziyo une traction yakanaka
- Jenereta kubva kune "masere" inoonekwa seimwe yemazuva ano unit
- Chishandiso chinobudirira kwazvo mumidziyo yeVAZ
Dzidza nezve kugadziriswa kwezvikamu zveVAZ 2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/remont-vaz-2106.html
Nokudaro, mutyairi we "vatanhatu" pachake anogona kusarudza kuti jenereta ipi inogona kuiswa pamotokari. Chisarudzo pakupedzisira chinoenderana chete nekushandiswa kwesimba kwemotokari.
Jenareta yekubatanidza dhizaini
Kuve mudziyo wemagetsi, jenareta inoda kubatana nemazvo. Nokudaro, dhayagiramu yekubatanidza haifaniri kukonzera kududzira kaviri.
A schematic dhayagiramu yekuti G-221 yakabatana sei neVAZ 2106 inogona kutariswa pano.
Pakutsiva jenareta, varidzi vemotokari vazhinji vari kunetseka kuti ndeipi waya inofanira kubatanidzwa. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti mudziyo une akati wandei kubatanidza uye waya, uye kana uchiitsiva, unogona kukanganwa zviri nyore kuti waya inoenda kupi:
- orenji haibatsiri pakubatanidza, unogona kuisiya sezvairi, kana kuibatanidza yakananga kune grey kuti itange mota;
- grey gobvu waya inoenda kumabhurashi kubva kune regulator relay;
- grey tambo yakaonda inobatanidza kune relay;
- yellow - control light coordinator pane control panel.
Saka, kana uchishanda wakazvimirira neG-221, zviri nani kusaina tsika dzewaya kuitira kuti gare gare urege kuzvibatanidza nekukanganisa.
Jenareta kusashanda paVAZ 2106
Kungofanana neimwe nzira mumotokari, jenareta "nhanhatu" inogona kusashanda nemazvo, kuputsa uye kutadza. Zvisinei, zviitiko zvekuputsika zvisingatarisirwi hazviwanzoitiki, sezvo mutyairi anogona kugara achicherechedza kuitika kwe "chirwere", achiona zviratidzo zvayo zvekutanga.
Chiratidzo chekuchaja chiedza chakabatidzwa
Pamudziyo wezviridzwa pane mwenje unoratidza kushanda kwejenereta. Inogona kupenya uye kupisa mune inogara modhi. Chero zvazvingava, kushanda kwechiratidzo ichi kunoonekwa sechiratidzo chekutanga chekushaya simba mujenereta.
Chikonzero chekukundikana | Mishonga |
Alternator drive belt slip Kutyora mukubatana pakati peplug "85" yecharge control lamp relay uye pakati pe "nyeredzi" yejenereta. Yakakanganiswa kana kukuvadzwa bhatiri chiratidzo chemwenje relay Kupwanya mumagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ekufambisa kwemhepo Misaigned kana kukuvadzwa voltage regulator Kupfeka kana kutonhora kwemabhurashi ejenareta; slip ring oxidation Kuputsika kana kupfupika kwedunhu pa "huremu" hwemhepo yekukurudzira yejenereta Dunhu repfupi reimwe kana akawanda akanaka alternator diode Vhura mune imwe kana akawanda generator diode Kutyora mukubatana pakati pemapulagi "86" uye "87" yecharge control lamp relay Vhura kana kutenderedza dunhu pfupi mumhepo ye stator | Gadzirisa tension yebhandi realternator Tarisa uye dzorera kubatana Tarisa relay, gadzirisa kana kuitsiva Dzorera kubatana Chenesa vanobatika, gadzirisa kana kutsiva voltage regulator Tsiva chibatiso chebhurashi nemabhurashi; pukuta zvindori nemucheka wakanyoroveswa mupeturu Batanidza mhepo inoenda kunotsvedza mhete kana kutsiva rotor Tsiva heatsink nema diode akanaka Tsiva alternator rectifier Dzorera kubatana Dzorera jenereta stator |
Bhatiri harichaji
Iyo alternator inogona kumhanya, asi bhatiri harisi kubhadharisa. Iri ndiro dambudziko guru reG-221.
Chikonzero chekukundikana | Mishonga |
Weak alternator bhandi tension: kutsvedza nekumhanya kukuru uye kushanda kwejenareta pasi pemutoro Kusungirirwa kwetambo dzetambo pajenereta uye bhatiri yakasunungurwa; bhatiri zviteshi zvakaiswa oxidized; waya dzakakuvadzwa Bhatiri yakaremara Misaigned kana kukuvadzwa voltage regulator | Gadzirisa tension yebhandi realternator Chenesa mabhatiri materminal kubva kumaokisi, simbisa mabhanhire, tsiva waya dzakakuvadzwa Tsiva bhatiri Chenesa mazita, gadzirisa kana kutsiva regulator |
Dzidza matangiro emota nebhatiri rakafa: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/kak-zavesti-mashinu-esli-sel-akkumulyator.html
Bhatiri rinovira kure
Kana iyo alternator isina kunyatsobatanidzwa, panogona kunge paine dambudziko nebhatiri.
Chikonzero chekukundikana | Mishonga |
Kusabatana kwakashata pakati pevhu uye voltage regulator dzimba Misaigned kana kukuvadzwa voltage regulator Bhatiri yakaremara | Dzosera kuonana Gadzirisa kana kutsiva voltage regulator Tsiva bhatiri |
Jenareta ine ruzha zvikuru
Nayo pachayo, mudziyo unofanirwa kuita ruzha panguva yekushanda, sezvo rotor inogara ichitenderera. Nekudaro, kana ruzha rwekuvhiya rwakanyanya, iwe unofanirwa kumira uye kuona kuti chii chakashata.
Chikonzero chekukundikana | Mishonga |
Loose alternator pulley nut Alternator mabearings akakuvadzwa Shandura dunhu pfupi reiyo stator mhepo (kuchema jenareta) Mabhurashi anokwenya | simbisa nzungu Tsiva mabhengi Dzorera stator Pukuta mabhurashi uye slip zvindori nemucheka wekotoni wakanyikwa mupetroli |
Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta
Kuongorora kushanda kwechigadzirwa kuchapa mutyairi chivimbo mukushanda kwayo kwakakodzera uye kusavapo kwechikonzero chekunetseka.
Zvinorambidzwa kutarisa jenereta paVAZ 2106 kana ichibviswa kubva mubhatiri apo injini iri kushanda, sezvo simba rekuwedzera rinokwanisika. Zvakare, kusagadzikana kunogona kukuvadza diode bhiriji.
Kuongorora hutano hwejenareta kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvinonyanyozivikanwa ndezvi:
- kuongorora ne multimeter;
- pachigadziko;
- paunenge uchishandisa oscilloscope.
Kuzviedza pachako ne multimeter
Iyi tekinoroji ndiyo yakapfava uye haidi midziyo yakakosha kana ruzivo rwakakura mukushanda kwemotokari. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kutenga dhijitari kana chiratidzo multimeter, pamwe nekunyorera rubatsiro rweshamwari, sezvo kuisirwa kunosanganisira basa revanhu vaviri kamwechete:
- Seta iyo multimeter kune DC ikozvino kuyerwa maitiro.
- Batanidza chishandiso kune imwe neimwe bhatiri terminal. Mhepo inofanira kuva pakati pe11.9 ne12 V.
- Mubatsiri anofanira kutanga injini uye kuisiya isingaiti.
- Panguva ino, mupimo unofanirwa kunyatso tarisa kuverenga kweiyo multimeter. Kana magetsi ari mumambure akadonha zvakanyanya, zvinoreva kuti jenareta haisi kushanda zvakakwana, kana kuti sosi yayo haina kukwana kubhadharisa.
- Muchiitiko icho chiratidzo chinopfuura 14 V, mutyairi anofanira kuziva kuti kushanda kwakadaro kwechigadzirwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera kuchaita kuti bhatiri rive rakaputika.
Kuedzwa pastand
Kutarisa pachigadziko chekombuta kunoitwa nenyanzvi dzepaservice station. Muchiitiko ichi, jenareta haizodi kubviswa pamushini, sezvo komputa yakabatana kune mudziyo kuburikidza neakakosha probes.
Chimiro chinokubvumira kuti utarise panguva imwe chete jenereta yekushanda muzvinhu zvose nehupamhi hwepamusoro. Izvo zvino zviratidzo zvekushanda zvicharatidzwa pakombiyuta, saka muridzi wemotokari anogona kuona "zvisina simba" pfungwa dzejenareta yake munguva chaiyo.
Oscilloscope bvunzo
An oscilloscope chiridzwa chinoverenga basic voltage kuverenga uye kuchishandura kuita waveforms. Mitsetse yakakomberedzwa inoratidzwa pachiratidziro chemudziyo, iyo nyanzvi inogona kuona nekukurumidza kukanganisa mukushanda kwejenareta.
Nzira yekubvisa, disassemble uye kugadzirisa jenareta paVAZ 2106
Iyo G-221 jenareta pa "nhanhatu" haigoni kunzi iri nyore mudziyo. Nokudaro, kuitira kuti ugadzirise zvimwe, kunyatsogadzirira kunodiwa, sezvo iwe unofanira kutanga wabvisa chigadzirwa mumotokari, uye wobva waiparadzanisa.
Kubvisa jenareta kubva mumotokari
Kuti nekukurumidza uye nekuchengetedzeka kubvisa G-221 kubva pamushini, zvinokurudzirwa kugadzirira maturusi pachine nguva:
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe10;
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe17;
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe19;
- blade yekuisa.
Zvechokwadi, zviri nyore kushanda pane injini inotonhora, saka regai motokari igare kwechinguva mushure mokukwira.
Maitiro ekubvisa jenareta anoitwa maererano nechirongwa ichi:
- Sunungura yakaderera alternator kugadzirisa nati. Zvadaro sunungura nati pane imwe stud.
- Bvisa nzungu pamwe chete newashers.
- Fambisa alternator zvishoma mberi (maererano nejini).
- Iri kufamba richakutendera kuti ubvise bhandi nyore nyore (kutanga kubva kune alternator pulley, ipapo kubva ku crankshaft pulley).
- Bvisa waya kubva pakubuda.
- Bvisa waya kubva paplug inomonereka.
- Bvisa waya kubva pachibatiso chebhurashi.
- Zvinokurumidza kukurudzirwa kusaina waya nemuvara uye nzvimbo yekubatanidza, sezvo matambudziko angamuka kana uchiisazve jenareta.
- Zvadaro, sunungura nati kubva pachigadziko chepasi chejenareta.
- Bvisa jenareta kubva kumakumbo.
Vhidhiyo: mirairo yekubvisa
Jenereta disassembly
Mushure mokunge chigadzirwa chacho chabviswa, zvakakosha kuti chiparadze kuti chigadziriswe chinotevera. Kuti uite izvi, shandura seti yezvishandiso:
- wrench yekuvhura-gumi kwe19;
- chipanera kiyi 19;
- ratchet (iwe unogona kuwedzera tambo yekuwedzera);
- musoro 8;
- musoro 10;
- sando duku.
Zvadaro, kana zvichidiwa, unogona kuchenesa zvishoma muviri wemudziyo kubva kune tsvina uye kuenderera mberi ne disassembly:
- Sunungura mana ekusimbisa nzungu pabutiro rekumashure.
- Uchishandisa 19 wrench, sunungura pulley fasting nut (izvi zvinoda kunyatsogadzirisa jenareta mune vice).
- Mushure maizvozvi, unogona kuparadzanisa chigadzirwa muzvikamu zviviri. Kana mahafu akajairirwa, unogona kuarova zvishoma nesando. Somugumisiro, zvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana zvinofanira kuramba zviri mumaoko: rotor ine pulley uye stator ine mhepo.
- Bvisa pulley kubva kune rotor.
- Dhonza kiyi kubva mumhango yemba.
- Zvadaro, dhonza rotor pachayo pamwe chete nekutakura kune iwe.
- Chimwe chikamu chejenareta (stator ine mhepo inotenderera) zvakare yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu, ingo dhonza mhepo yakananga kwauri.
Vhidhiyo: disassembly mirayiridzo
Ona vhidhiyo iyi paYouTube
Mushure me disassembly, zvinodikanwa kujekesa kuti ndechipi chinhu chejenareta chinoda kutsiviwa. Kumwe kugadzirisa hakuna kunyanya kuoma, sezvo zvese zvikamu zvejenareta zvinochinjika uye zvinogona kubviswa / kuiswa nyore nyore.
Jenareta bhandi
Zvechokwadi, G-221 haishande pasina bhandi rekutyaira. Bhandi reVAZ 2106 jenareta rine 10 mm paupamhi uye 940 mm kureba. Muchitarisiko chayo, ine wedge-shaped uye toothed, iyo inobvumira kuti ibatire nyore kumazino e pulleys.
Nheyo yebhanhire inoverengerwa pa80 zviuru zvemakiromita ekumhanya.
Nzira yekusimbisa bhanhire
Kusimbisa bhandi realternator mushure mekuiswa kunoonekwa sedanho rekupedzisira rebasa. Kuti uite basa rekukurumidza uye remhando yepamusoro, iwe unozofanirwa kutevedzera iyo fekitori kushushikana mirau:
- Sunungura iyo yekuzvivharira nati (kumusoro kwejenereta).
- Sunungura yakaderera alternator kugadzirisa nati.
- Muviri wemudziyo unofanirwa kufamba zvishoma.
- Isai pry bar pakati peimba yejenareta nepombi yepombi.
- Simbisa bhanhire nekufamba kwegomo.
- Pasina kusunungura gomo, simbisa iyo yekuzvivharira nati.
- Zvadaro tarisa kushushikana kwebhanhire.
- Simbisa pasi nzungu.
Vhidhiyo: mirairo yekushushikana
Ona vhidhiyo iyi paYouTube
Iyo alternator bhandi haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kusimba, asi hapafanirwe kuve nekurereka kana. Iwe unogona kuona iyo yakakwana dhigirii yekukakavadzana neruoko nekutsikirira pakati pechikamu chakareba chebhanhire - chinofanira kutsauka nekusapfuura 1-1.5 cm.
Nokudaro, mutyairi anogona kuita diagnostics, kugadzirisa uye kutsiva jenareta paVAZ 2106 nemaoko ake. Mazano emugadziri uye mitemo yekuchengetedza inokosha inofanira kuteverwa, sezvo jenareta iri mudziyo wemagetsi.