Hydro compensators - chii ichocho
Injini inopisa panguva yekushanda, iyo inotungamirira kukuwedzera kwechisikigo kwezvikamu zvesimbi. Vagadziri vanoisa pfungwa pachinhu ichi uye saka vanosiya akakosha mapeji ekupisa. Nekudaro, chimwe chinhu cheinjini ndechekupfeka zvishoma nezvishoma kwezvikamu, zvichiteerana, mapundu anowedzera uye tinoona zvinhu zvisina kunaka sekuderera kwesimba, kuderera kwekumanikidza, kuwedzera kwemafuta uye kushandiswa kwemafuta, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuparadzwa kwezvikamu zvejini.
Chinhu chakakosha che chero peturu yemukati yekupisa injini ndiyo gasi rekugovera michina.
Zvinhu zvayo zvikuru:
- camshaft ine makamu akagadzirwa pamusoro payo;
- kupinza uye kupera mavharuvhu;
- valve lifters;
- camshaft pulley (inotyaira shaft nekuda kwebhandi renguva).
Takanyora zvinhu zvikuru chete, asi chaizvoizvo kune zvakawanda. Icho chaicho chaicho chenguva ndeyekuona kuti camshaft inotenderera zvakafanana ne crankshaft, makamu anotsikirira pane anosundira (kana rocker maoko), uye ivo, ivowo, vanoisa mavharuvhu mukufamba.
Nokufamba kwenguva, mikaha inoumba pakati penzvimbo dzekushanda dze camshaft, pushers (kana maoko e rocker muinjini dzakaita V). Kuti vatsigire ivo, vaishandisa nzira yakapfava yekugadziridza vachishandisa mamakisi akakosha uye wrenches. Ndaifanira kugadzirisa mapeji chaiwo ega ega 10-15 zviuru zvemakiromita.
Parizvino, dambudziko iri rakanyangarika nekuda kwekugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwakapararira kwema hydraulic compensator.
Chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo hydraulic compensator
Kune akati wandei emhando dzemhando dze hydraulic lifters dzakagadzirirwa kushanda nemhando dzakasiyana dzenguva (nemapusher, maoko e rocker kana yekudzika camshaft kuisirwa). Asi mudziyo pachayo uye musimboti wekushanda zvakangofanana.
Zvinhu zvikuru zve hydraulic compensator:
- plunger pair (bhora, chitubu, plunger sleeve);
- mugero kuti mafuta apinde mucomensator;
- muviri.
Iyo compensator inoiswa muhumburumbira mumusoro munzvimbo yakasarudzika. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kudziisa pamhando dzekare dzeinjini umo kuiswa kwavo hakuna kupihwa.
Nheyo yekushanda iri nyore. Iyo camshaft cam ine chimiro chisina kujairika. Kana asingatsikiri pamusundi, mukaha pakati pavo unowedzera. Panguva ino, iyo plunger spring inotsikirira pavhavha yeplunger uye mafuta kubva kune lubrication system inopinda mu compensator, chikamu chekushanda che compensator chinokwira zvishoma, chinogadzirisa pusher mukufamba uye mukaha pakati pecam uye pusher unonyangarika.
Kana iyo camshaft ichiita shanduko uye cam inotanga kurodha pusher, chikamu chinoshanda che hydraulic compensator chinotanga kudzika kusvika chiteshi chekupa mafuta chavharwa. Saizvozvo, kudzvanywa mukati me compensator kunowedzera uye kunopfuudzwa kune injini yevharuvhu stem.
Nokudaro, nekuda kwevanobhadhara, kusavapo kwezvipo kunowanikwa. Kana iwe uchiri kufungidzira kuti izvi zvose zvinoitika nekumhanya kukuru - kusvika ku 6 zviuru zvekuchinja paminiti - ipapo pasina kuzvidzora pane kuyemura kuti chigadzirwa chakareruka chakadaro chinogona zvachose kupedza dambudziko rekucheneswa mumagetsi evhavha.
Yakanga iri yekutenda nekuunzwa kwe hydraulic compensator kuti zvaigoneka kuwana mabhenefiti akadaro einjini nyowani pane yekare:
- hapana chikonzero chekugara uchigadzirisa kubviswa kwevhavha;
- injini kushanda kwave kupfava uye kunyarara;
- nhamba yekuvhunduka mitoro pamavharuvhu uye camshaft yakaderera.
Kukanganisa kudiki kubva mukushandiswa kwema hydraulic lifters kugogodza kwehunhu kunogona kunzwika mumasekonzi ekutanga ekutanga injini inotonhora. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti kudzvanywa kweoiri muhurongwa hakuna kukwana, uye zvinodikanwa zvinongedzo zvinotapukira zvinowanikwa kana oiri ichipisa kune imwe tembiricha uye ichiwedzera, ichizadza mukati memhango yevanotsiva.
Matambudziko makuru e hydraulic lifters
Izvo zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti iyo plunger peya yemupenisi mudziyo wakanyatsojeka. Mukaha uripo pakati pesleeve uye plunger mamicrons mashoma. Pamusoro pezvo, chiteshi chemafuta chekubuda nacho idiki kwazvo mudhayamita. Nokudaro, nzira idzi dzinonyanya kukoshesa kunaka kwemafuta. Vanotanga kugogodza uye kukundikana kana mafuta emhando yakaderera akadururwa mujini, kana kuti ine slag yakawanda, tsvina, jecha, zvichingodaro.
Kana pane zvikanganiso mujini yerubrication system, ipapo mafuta haazokwanisi kupinda ma compensator, uye kubva pane izvi ivo vachapisa uye vanokundikana nokukurumidza.
Nyanzvi dzemotokari portal vodi.su inokwevera kutarisa kwako kune chokwadi chekuti kana ma hydraulic compensator akaiswa mujini, saka hazvikurudzirwe kuizadza nemafuta akanyanya-viscosity, akadai semineral 15W40.
Pakuisa kana kutsiva compensators, ita shuwa kuti vakazadzwa nemafuta. Kazhinji vanotumirwa vatozadzwa. Kana mukati mukati mune mweya, ipapo kusanganiswa kwemhepo kunogona kuitika uye michina haizokwanisi kuita mabasa ayo.
Kana motokari yave isina basa kwenguva yakareba, mafuta anogona kudonha kubva kune vanobhadhara. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe unofanirwa kuapomba: rega injini imhanye nekukurumidza, ipapo nekumhanya kwakasiyana, uye ipapo pasina basa - mafuta achaenda kune vanobhadhara.
Muvhidhiyo iyi, nyanzvi ichataura nezve mudziyo uye misimboti yekushanda kwe hydraulic lifters.
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