GM yakavaka 100 miriyoni V8 injini

General Motors ichavaka 100 miriyoni diki-block V8 nhasi - makore makumi mashanu neshanu mushure mekutanga kugadzirwa-diki-block injini…

Kunyangwe makumi emakore ekumanikidzwa kweinjini hombe sezvo kuburitswa uye mutemo wehupfumi hwemafuta uchiwedzera, iwo achiri kugadzirwa.

General Motors ichavaka 100 miriyoni diki-block V8 nhasi - makore makumi mashanu nenhanhatu mushure mekutanga kugadzira diki-block injini - mukunetsa kweinjiniya kukudzikisira kwepasirese maitiro.

Chevrolet yakaunza compact block muna 1955, uye chiitiko chakakosha chekugadzira chakauya mwedzi mumwe chete iwoyo iyo brand yakapemberera kusvitsa kwayo zana.

Iyo diki block injini yakashandiswa mumotokari dzeGM pasi rese uye parizvino inoshandiswa muHolden/HSV, Chevrolet, GMC uye Cadillac modhi.

"Chivharo chidiki ndiyo injini yakaunza kushanda kwepamusoro kuvanhu," akadaro David Cole, muvambi uye sachigaro akabuda weAutomotive Research Center. Baba vaCole, mushakabvu Ed Cole, ndiye aiva injiniya mukuru weChevrolet uye akatungamirira kukurudzirwa kwejini yepakutanga diki-block.

"Pane kupfava kwakapfava kune dhizaini yayo iyo yakabva yaita kuti ive yakanaka payaive nyowani uye yakabvumira kuti ibudirire makore anoda kusvika makumi matanhatu gare gare."

Injini yakakosha mukugadzirwa nhasi ndeye 475 kW (638 hp) yakakura diki block LS9-simba riri kuseri kweCorvette ZR1-iyo yakaunganidzwa nemaoko paGM Assembly Center, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweDetroit. Inomiririra chizvarwa chechina chezvivharo zvidiki uye ndiyo injini ine simba kwazvo yakambovakwa neGM yemotokari yekugadzira. GM ichachengeta injini sechikamu chekuunganidza kwayo kwenhoroondo.

Iyo diki block yakagadziridzwa mukati meindasitiri yemotokari uye nekupfuura. Nyowani shanduro dzekutanga Gen I injini dzichiri kugadzirwa kuti dzishandiswe mugungwa uye mumaindasitiri, nepo "bhokisi" shanduro dzeinjini dziripo kubva kuChevrolet Performance dzinoshandiswa nezviuru zvevanopisa tsvimbo vanofarira.

Iyo 4.3-litre V6 inoshandiswa mune dzimwe Chevrolet uye GMC mota yakavakirwa padiki block, isina macylinders maviri. Ese mavhezheni aya anobatsira kune 100 miriyoni diki diki kugadzirwa kweblock.

"Kubudirira uku kunoratidza kukunda kweinjiniya kwakapararira pasirese uye kugadzira chiratidzo cheindasitiri," akadaro Sam Weingarden, mukuru mukuru uye mukuru wepasi rose weboka reInjiniya.

"Uye kunyangwe iyo yakasimba compact unit dhizaini yakaratidza kugona kwayo kujairana nekuita, kuburitsa uye kucheneswa zvinodiwa mukati memakore, zvakanyanya kukosha, yakavaunza nekubudirira kukuru."

Injini zvino dzine aluminium cylinder blocks uye misoro mumotokari nemarori akawanda, zvichibatsira kudzikisa huremu nekuvandudza hupfumi hwemafuta.

Zvishandiso zvakawanda zvinoshandisa matekinoroji ekuchengetedza mafuta seActive Fuel Management, ayo anovhara masilinda mana pasi pemamwe mamiriro ekutyaira anorema, uye Variable Valve Timing. Uye pasinei nemakore, dzichine simba uye dzine mari shoma.

Iyo 430-horsepower (320 kW) vhezheni yeGen-IV LS3 diki-block injini inoshandiswa mu2012 Corvette uye inoimhanyisa kubva pakuzorora kuenda ku100 km/h mumasekonzi mana, inovhara kota mamaira muanopfuura masekondi gumi nemaviri uye. inosvika pakumhanya kwepamusoro. pamusoro pe12 km/h, ine EPA-yakatemerwa mugwagwa mafuta ehupfumi hwe288 l/9.1 km.

"Injini diki dhizaini inoita kuti ishande isina mhosva," anodaro Weingarden. "Iyi ndiyo quintessence yeinjini yeV8 uye ngano mhenyu yakakosha kupfuura nakare kose."

Vhiki rino, GM yakazivisawo kuti yechishanu-yechizvarwa subcompact injini iri pasi pekuvandudzwa ichave neiyo nyowani yakananga-jekiseni combustion system inozobatsira kuvandudza mashandiro pamusoro peinjini yechizvarwa.

"Small block architecture inoramba ichiratidza kukosha kwayo muindasitiri inokurumidza kubuda, uye injini yechizvarwa chechishanu ichavaka pamusoro pekuita kwenhaka nekubudirira kwakakosha," anodaro Weingarden.

GM irikudyara mari inodarika bhiriyoni imwe mukugadzira injini diki-block, zvichikonzera mabasa 1 akagadzirwa kana kuchengetwa.

Iyo Gen-V injini inotarisirwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera uye inovimbiswa kuve ne 110mm bore nzvimbo, iyo yanga iri chikamu chediki block architecture kubva pakutanga.

GM yakatanga kuvandudzwa kweV8 mushure meHondo Yenyika II, mushure mekunge mainjiniya mukuru Ed Cole atamira kuChevrolet achibva kuCadillac, kwaakatungamira kugadzirwa kweinjini yeV8 yekutanga.

Chikwata chaCole chakachengeta dhizaini yepamusoro yevharuvhu yaive hwaro hweChevrolet inline-nhanhatu injini, inodaidzwa nerudo kuti Stovebolt.

Yaionekwa seimwe yesimba reiyo Chevrolet mota mutsetse, ichisimbisa pfungwa yekureruka uye kuvimbika. Cole akapikisa mainjiniya ake kuti asimbise injini itsva kuti iite compact, isingadhuri uye nyore kugadzira.

Mushure mekutanga kwayo muChevy lineup muna 1955, injini itsva yeV8 yaive diki panyama, 23 kg yakareruka uye ine simba kupfuura injini yeStovebolt matanhatu-cylinder. Kwete chete yaive iyo yakanakisa injini yeChevrolet, yaive nzira yakanakisa yekuvaka minimalist injini dzakatora mukana weakagadziridzwa maitiro ekugadzira.

Mushure memakore maviri chete pamusika, mainjini madiki akatanga kukura zvishoma nezvishoma maererano nekutama, simba uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji.

Muna 1957, shanduro yejekiseni yemafuta yakaunzwa, inonzi Ramjet. Mugadziri mukuru chete aipa jekiseni remafuta panguva iyoyo yaive Mercedes-Benz.

Mechanical jekiseni remafuta rakapedzwa pakati pemakore ekuma1960, asi jekiseni remagetsi raidzorwa nemagetsi rakatanga mumabhururu madiki muma1980s, uye Tuned Port Injection yakatangwa muna 1985, ichiisa bhenji.

Iyi jekiseni yemagetsi inodzorwa nemagetsi yakagadziridzwa nekufamba kwenguva uye dhizaini yayo ichiri kushandiswa pamotokari zhinji nemarori akareruka makore makumi maviri nemashanu gare gare.

Iwo 110mm hole nzvimbo dzechivharo chidiki chaizove chiratidzo chediki diki compact uye kuenzanisa kuita.

Iyi yaive saizi yakatenderedza chizvarwa III diki block yakagadzirwa muna 1997. Kwegore ra2011, diki diki iri muchizvarwa chechina, ichigonesa Chevrolet yakazara-saizi marori, SUVs nemavan, epakati-saizi marori, uye yakakwirira performance Camaro neCorvette mota. .

Yekutanga 4.3-litre (265 cu in) injini muna 1955 yakagadzira kusvika ku145 kW (195 hp) ine sarudzo yechina-barrel carburetor.

Nhasi, iyo 9-litre (6.2 cu. in.) yakakwirisa diki block LS376 muCorvette ZR1 ine 638 horsepower.