Grumman F-14 Bombcat Chikamu chechipiri

Muna Mbudzi 1994, Vice Admiral Richard Allen, Mutungamiriri weAtlantic Fleet Air Force, akapa mvumo yekuenderera mberi nekuyedza neLANTIRN navigation uye kutungamira system yeF-14 Tomcat.

Mukutanga kwema90, Grumman akaedza kunyengetedza US Navy kuti igadzirise iyo F-14D kutakura zvombo chaizvo. Iyo yemazuva ano yeBlock 1 Strike inosanganisira, kunyanya, kuiswa kwemakomputa matsva pabhodhi uye software. Mari yepurogiramu yaifungidzirwa pamadhora 1,6 bhiriyoni, iyo yakanga isingagamuchirwi kune zvikepe. US Navy yanga ichida kugovera chete madhora mazana matatu emamiriyoni ekubatanidza mabhomba eJDAM anotungamirwa neGPS. Zvisinei, purogiramu iyi yakanga ichiri kutanga.

Mukutanga kwa1994, Martin Marietta akatanga tsvakiridzo pamusoro pekugona kugadzirira varwi veF-14 neLANTIRN (Low Altitude Navigation uye Targeting Infra-Red for Night) nzira yekufambisa uye yekutungamira. Iyo sisitimu yaive nemabhuraki maviri: kufamba AN / AAQ-13 uye kutungamira AN / AAQ-14. Katuriji yekunangisa yaive nebasa rekuvhenekera chinangwa nelaser beam. Yakagadzirirwa F-15E Strike Eagle fighter-bombers uye F-16 fighters. LANTIRN akaita rubhabhatidzo rwemoto panguva yeOp Operation Desert Storm, kwaakawana mamakisi akanaka kwazvo. Nekuda kwemutengo, chete AN/AAQ-14 yekuona cartridge yakapihwa yeF-14. Chirongwa chisiri pamutemo chakatangwa icho, nekuda kwenjere dzeinjiniya dzaMartin Marietta uye kubatanidzwa kwevakuru vemauto, kwakashandura Tomcat kuita chikuva chekuramwa.

Muna Mbudzi 1994, Mutungamiriri weAtlantic Fleet Air Force, Vice Admiral Richard Allen, akapa mvumo yekuenderera mberi nekuyedza neLANTIRN system. Kutsigira kwaakaita chirongwa ichi kwaikosha. Zvisinei, dambudziko guru raive rekubatanidzwa kwemudziyo nemurwi. Izvi zvaifanira kuitwa nenzira yekuti gadziridzo dzinodhura kune avionics uye radar yemhepo yaisadikanwa. Kugadziriswa kukuru kungadai kwakabatanidzwa nemitengo yakakura, iyo iyo Navy yaisazobvumirana nazvo. Iyo LANTIRN bhora bhora raingobatanidzwa kune emurwi ari onboard masisitimu kuburikidza neMIL-STD-1553 dhijitari data bhazi. Njanji dzakadaro dzakashandiswa paF-14D, asi kwete paF-14A neF-14B. Saka iyo AN / AWG-9 analogi radar uye iyo AN / AWG-15 yekudzora moto system yakatadza "kuona" mudziyo weLANTIRN. Neraki, Firchild panguva iyoyo akapa yakasarudzika adapta yaibvumira dhijitari uye analogi masisitimu kuti abatanidzwe pasina kudiwa kwedhijitari data bhazi.

Martin Marietta akagadzira dhizaini nemari yake, iyo yakaratidzwa kuUS Navy mukutanga kwa1995. Mhedzisiro yekuratidzira yaive yechokwadi zvekuti mukudonha kwe1995 Navy yakasarudza kutanga chirongwa chechiratidzo-chepfungwa. Chirongwa ichi chaive nevapikisi vazhinji mukuraira kwemauto, avo vakapokana kuti zvaive nani kuisa mari muboka reHornets pane muF-14s, yaizokurumidza kubviswa zvakadaro. Chinhu chakasarudzwa chaive chokwadi chekuti Martin Marietta akavhara chikamu chikuru chemitengo yakabatana nekubatanidzwa kwematangi ekuchengetedza.

F-14 Tomcat yakashongedzerwa nemabhomba maviri eCBU-99 (Mk 20 Rockeye II) akagadzirirwa kurwisa nhumbi dzokurwa dzemabhomba.

Basa racho rakaitwa kumativi maviri uye raisanganisira kunatswa kwezvose zviri zviviri mudziyo wacho uye murwi. Iyo yakajairwa mudziyo AN/AAQ-14 ine yayo yega GPS system uye inodaidzwa. Iyo Litton inertial measurement unit (IMU) yakabva kuAIM-120 AMRAAM uye AIM-9X air-to-air missile iri kugadzirwa. Masisitimu ese ari maviri anogona kubatana neF-14 inertial navigation system. Izvi zvakabvumira kutarisisa chaiko nemodule yaidyisa data rese reballistic kumurwi. Uyezve, kubatana kwetireyi neiyo ndege yekudzora moto system inogona kuitwa pasina kushandisa onboard radar. "Kupfuura" radar yakarerutsa nzira yekubatanidza, ichiramba iri mhinduro inoshanda uye yakachipa. Iyo mudziyo yakakwanisa kuita maverengero ese anodiwa ekuburitswa kwezvombo, izvo zvaakaendesa kune F-14 moto control system. Nekudaro, iye pachake akaburitsa data rese kubva kuzvombo zvemurwi, izvo zvaakakopa mudura rake remukati. Iyo yakagadziridzwa yekutungamira unit yakasarudzwa AN / AAQ-25 LTS (LANTIRN Targeting System).

Kugadziridzwa kwemurwi kwaisanganisira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuisirwa bunker control panel ine diki control knob (joystick). Iyo bunker pani yakaiswa pane yekuruboshwe panzvimbo yeTARPS reconnaissance bunker pani, uye ndiyo chete nzvimbo yaivepo mumashure ecockpit. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, F-14 haigoni kutakura panguva imwe chete LANTIRN uye TARPS. The joystick yekudzora musoro optoelectronic uye kubata mudziyo wakabva mudziva rezvikamu zvakasara kubva kuA-12 Avenger II kurwisa chirongwa chekuvaka ndege. Mufananidzo unobva mumvura unogona kuratidzwa paRIO stand pane TID tactical data display inozivikanwa se "spherical aquarium". Nekudaro, iyo F-14 yakazogamuchira itsva inonzi Programmable Target Information Display (PTID) ine saizi ye203 x 203 mm. Iyo PTID yakaiswa panzvimbo yekutenderera TID kuratidza. Iyo data inowanzoendeswa kuTID nemhepo radar inogona "kufungidzirwa" pamufananidzo unoratidzwa neLANTIRN. Nekudaro, PTID panguva imwe chete yakaratidza data kubva kune ese ari onboard radar uye yekuona chiteshi, nepo maviri masisitimu akange asina kubatana kune chero nzira. Sekutanga 90s, iyo 203 x 202 mm kuratidzwa yaive yakasarudzika.

Kugadziriswa kwayo kwakapa zvirinani kutarisa uye kushandiswa pane zviratidziro zvinowanikwa muF-15E Strike Eagle fighter-bhomba. Mufananidzo weLANTIRN unogona zvakare kuverengerwa pane remote control's vertical VDI chiratidzo (munyaya yeF-14A) kana imwe yemaMFD maviri (munyaya yeF-14B uye D). Iyo RIO ndiyo yaikonzera kushanda kwese kwegaba racho, asi bhomba rakakandwa “netsika” nemutyairi wendege nekudzvanya bhatani pachitanda chemufaro. Pakurembera chigadziko cheLANTIRN pane imwe chete yekubatanidza nzvimbo - Nhamba 8b - kurudyi multifunctional pylon. Chigaba chacho chakaiswa pachishandiswa adapta yaimboda kutakura AGM-88 HARM anti-radar missile.

Mukutanga kwa1995, chirongwa chekuedza tank yemhepo chakatanga. Izvi zvakanzi zviri pamutemo "kuratidza kugona" kuitira kuti usamhanye maitiro chaiwo echirongwa chebvunzo, izvo zvingadai zvakadhura zvakanyanya. Kuongororwa, chigaro chimwe chete F-103B (BuNo 14) ine vashandi vane ruzivo "yakakweretwa" kubva kuVF-161608 squadron. Tomcat yakagadziridzwa zvakakodzera (inonzi FLIR CAT) yakaita ndege yayo yekutanga neLANTIRN musi waKurume 21, 1995. Ipapo miedzo yebhomba yakatanga. Musi waKubvumbi 3, 1995, paDare County nzvimbo yekudzidzira kuNorth Carolina, F-14Bs yakadonhedza mabhomba mana ekudzidzisa eLGTR - achitevedzera mabhomba anotungamirwa nelaser. Mazuva maviri gare gare, mabhomba maviri ekudzidzira asina pfuti GBU-16 (inertial) akadonhedzwa. Kururama kwemudziyo kunosimbiswa.

Miedzo yakatevera, panguva ino nebhomba mhenyu, yakaitwa paPuerto Rican Vieques test site. Iyo Tomcat yakaperekedzwa nepair yeF/A-18Cs ine NITE Hawk units. Vatyairi veHornet vaifanira kushandisa mapods avo kuti vatarise kana laser dot kubva kuLANTIRN tank yaive pachinangwa uye kana paine "chiedza" chakakwana kubva kwairi. Pamusoro pezvo, vaifanira kurekodha bvunzo pavhidhiyo kamera. Musi waApril 10, maviri GBU-16 inertial mabhomba akatangwa. Vese vakarova vavariro yavo - matangi ekare M48 Patton. Mangwana acho, vashandi vakadonhedza mabhomba mana eGBU-16 mumapfuti maviri. Vatatu vavo vakarova zvakananga pane chavakavavarira, uye chechina chakadonha mamita mashoma kubva pavavariro. Zviyero kubva kuNITE Hawk canisters zvakaratidza kuti laser dot yaichengeterwa pachinangwa nguva dzese, saka zvaidavirwa kuti bhomba rechina kutungamira system yatadza. Muzhinji, mhedzisiro yebvunzo yakawanikwa inopfuura inogutsa. Mushure mekudzokera kuOcean base, mhinduro dzebvunzo dzakaunzwa zvine mutsindo kumurairo. Iyo F-14B FLIR CAT yakashandiswa mumavhiki anotevera kuitisa ndege dzekuziva kune vese vanofarira vatungamiriri vepamusoro-soro.

Muna June 1995, Navy yakasarudza kutenga LANTIRN matireyi. Pakazosvika Chikumi 1996, Martin Marietta aifanira kuendesa zvigubhu zvitanhatu uye kugadzirisa maTomcats mapfumbamwe. Muna 1995, Martin Marietta akabatana neLockheed Corporation kuumba Lockheed Martin consortium. Iyo LANTIRN yekuchengetedza tangi yekubatanidza uye chirongwa chekuyedza chave rekodhi. Maitiro ese, kubva pakusikwa kwayo kusvika pakuendeswa kwemidziyo yekutanga yakapedzwa kuNavy, yakaitwa mukati memazuva 223. Muna Chikumi 1996, VF-103 Squadron yakava yekutanga Tomcat unit yakashongedzerwa neLANTIRN midziyo kuti vaende kunobhururuka nendege mutakuri wendege USS Enterprise. Yakanga iri zvakare nguva yekutanga uye chete nguva iyo LANTIRN-yakashongedzerwa maTomcats akashanda kubva kune imwechete deki padivi peGrumman A-6E Intruder mabhomba. Gore rakatevera racho, A-6E yakazoregwa basa. Mutengo wekaturiji imwe yaive ingangoita mamirioni matatu emadhora. Pamwe chete, US Navy yakatenga 3 tray. Iyi yakanga isiri nhamba yaibvumira kuti midziyo igoverwe zvachose kumapoka ega ega. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chaienda kuhondo yakagamuchira 75-6 midziyo, uye mamwe akashandiswa mukudzidzira.

Pakati pe-90s, maererano nekubviswa kweA-6E mabhomba emhepo uye mukana wekugadzirisa F-14 nemidziyo yeLANTIRN, Navy yakatanga purogiramu shoma yeTomcat yemazuva ano. Iyo F-14A neF-14B yakagamuchira avionics yaizounza kugona kwavo pedyo neiyo D chiyero, kusanganisira: MIL-STD-1553B data mabhasi, akakwidziridzwa AN / AYK-14 pa-bhodhi makomputa, akakwidziridzwa AN / AWG-moto control 15. system, yedhijitari yekudzora ndege (DFCS) yakatsiva iyo analog system, uye AN / ALR-67 RWR yambiro system.

Bombcat mukurwa

Nekuda kwekuunzwa kweLANTIRN kutungamira module, varwi veF-14 vatova mapuratifomu ezvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana anokwanisa kuita akazvimirira uye nemazvo kurwisa kutarisana nezvinangwa zvepasi. Mauto eNavy akatora mukana wakazara wekwaniso dzeBombcats. Muna 1996-2006, vakapinda muhondo dzose dzehondo umo ndege dzeAmerica dzakabatanidzwa: muOp Operation Southern Watch muIraq, muOp Operation Allied Force muKosovo, muOperation Enduring Freedom muAfghanistan, uye muKushanda "rusununguko rweIraqi" kuIraq. .

Operation Southern Watch yakatanga muna Nyamavhuvhu 1992. Chinangwa chayo chaive chekumisa nekudzora nzvimbo isina kubhururuka yendege dzeIraq. Yakafukidza nzvimbo yese yekumaodzanyemba kweIraq - kumaodzanyemba kwe32nd parallel. MunaSeptember 1996, muganhu wakaendeswa kune 33rd parallel. Kwemakore gumi nemaviri, ndege dzemubatanidzwa dzakatenderera munzvimbo iyi, dzichikanganisa kuita kwemhepo yeIraq uye kurwisa matanho ekudzivirira mhepo ayo Iraq aigara "achipinza" munzvimbo. Munguva yekutanga, basa guru revaTomcats raive rekudzivirira kuvhima patrol uye mamishini ekucherekedza vachishandisa TARPS midziyo. Vashandi veF-14 vakabudirira kushandisa midziyo yeLANTIRN kuona uye kuronda mafambiro eArtillery inorwisa ndege yeIraqi uye nhare dzeanorwisa-ndege zvinokandwa. Kushanda kwakajairika kwepatrol kwakatora maawa 3-4. Kureba uye kusimba kweF-14 fighters ndiyo yaiva mukana wavo usina mubvunzo. Vaigona kuramba vari patrol kwenguva yakapetwa kaviri sevarwi veHornet, avo vaitofanira kutora mamwe mafuta mumhepo kana kuzorodzwa neimwe shanduko.

Muna 1998, kusada kwaSaddam Hussein kushanda pamwe nevaongorori veUN pakuwana nzvimbo dzekugadzira uye kuunganidzwa kwezvombo zvekuparadza kukuru kwakakonzera dambudziko. Musi waZvita 16, 1998, United States yakatanga Operation Desert Fox, panguva iyo zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha muIraq zvakaparadzwa mukati memazuva mana. Pahusiku hwekutanga, kurwiswa kwacho kwakaitwa zvachose neUS Navy, iyo yakashandisa ndege-yakavakirwa ndege uye Tomahawk cruise missile. Yakapindwa neF-14Bs kubva kuVF-32 squadron inoshanda kubva kumutakuri wendege USS Enterprise. Mumwe nomumwe wevarwi akatakura mabhomba maviri akatungamirirwa neGBU-16. Kwehusiku hutatu hwakatevera, mauto akarwisa nzvimbo dzeBaghdad. F-14Bs dzakatakura GBU-16 uye GBU-10 mabhomba uye kunyange GBU-24 inorema-inobaya pfuti inoputika mabhomba anoputika. Ivo vakashandiswa kupesana nezvigadziko uye zvinhu zveIraqi Republican Guard.