Hunhu hweMAZ-500

MAZ 500 - rori yava ngano chaiyo. Rori yekutanga yeSoviet cabover yakaiswa mukugadzirwa kwe serial muna 1965, uye kugadzirwa kwayo kwakaenderera kusvika 1977 ichisanganisira. Pasinei nokuti nguva shomanana yapfuura kubva pakuguma kwekugadzirwa, motokari yeMAZ 500 ichine mutengo. Vanogona kuwanikwa munharaunda yenyika dzeCIS, vari kushingaira kushandiswa kusvikira nhasi. Iyo payload, shanduko panguva yekuburitswa, yemhando yepamusoro gungano uye nyore kugadzirisa, yakaita MAZ 500 mota yakanakisa muchikamu chekutakura kwenguva yakareba.

 

Tsanangudzo MAZ 500 uye kugadziridzwa kwayo

Marori eMAZ-500 achiri kushanda

Iyo prototype yerori iyi ndiyo MAZ-200. Ichokwadi, nekugadzirwa, marori haana zvakawanda zvakafanana - ane dhizaini yakasiyana. Kunyanya, MAZ-500 haina hood, kabhini yayo inowanikwa zvakananga pamusoro pejini. Izvi zvakapa mainjiniya kugona ku:

• kuderedza uremu hwerori;
• kuwedzera urefu hwepuratifomu yekurodha;
• kuwedzera simba rekutakura ne 0,5 tons.

Tichifunga nezve yakanakisa maitiro erori, pahwaro hweMAZ-500, shanduko dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzakagadzirwa.

Ngatitarisei zvakanyanya kufarirwa marori magadzirirwo.

• MAZ-500 muchikepe.

MAZ-500 pabhodhi ine muviri wehuni

Onboard MAZ 500 ndiyo yekutanga shanduko yerori. Iyo yakaziviswa kutakura kutakura matani 7,5, asi yaigona kukwevera matrailer anorema kusvika matani 12. The onboard MAZ 500 yakagamuchira zita rakakurumbira rezita rokuti "Zubrik" nekuda kwekasi iyo yakanamatirwa kumadziro kumashure kwekombi. Deki yeparutivi yerori yakanga yakagadzirwa nematanda, kazhinji kacho yaipendwa yebhuruu. Iyi vhezheni yakauya yakajairwa ine chidhiraivho chemagetsi uye 5-speed manual transmission.

• Rori yekurasa MAZ-500.

Mufananidzo MAZ-500 nemutumbi werori yekurasa

Kugadziriswa nerori yekurasa ndeyemhuri yeMAZ-500, asi chaizvoizvo yakanga ine index ye503.

• Tractor MAZ-500.

Kugadziriswa kwetirakita yerori kwakagadzirwa pasi peMAZ-504 index. Matarekita erori ane maviri nenhatu (MAZ-515) sechikamu chezvitima zvomumugwagwa aigona kukweva anosvika matani 24.

• Forestry rori MAZ-509.

Forestry rori MAZ-500

Kunyanya kune zvinodiwa zvemasango, kugadziridzwa kwakasarudzika kweMAZ-509 rori kwakaitwa.

• MAZ-500SH.

Iyi vhezheni yerori yakanga isina muviri uye yakagadzirwa nechasi iyo iyo inodiwa yaigona kuiswa.

• MAZ-500A.

Mukushandurwa uku, kwakatanga kubudiswa muna 1970, rori yakanga ine wheelbase yakawedzera ne 10 cm uye yakasangana nemitemo yeEurope. Kutakura kwaisvika matani masere. Yechipiri chizvarwa vhezheni, iyo huru giya reshiyo yakashandurwa, nekuda kwekuti zvaikwanisika kuwedzera kumhanya - kusvika 8 km / h. Kana iri misiyano yekuona, hunhu hwekasi kuseri kwekombi hwakabviswa kubva kuMAZ-85 yechizvarwa chechipiri, uye inodzokorodza chiratidzo chekutendeuka chakawedzerwa kune pamwero wezvibato zvegonhi.

• Motokari yemafuta MAZ-500.

Motokari yemafuta MAZ-500

Mamwe magadzirirwo erori asina kunyanya kuwanda anosanganisira:

• Onboard version yeMAZ-500V ine muviri wesimbi;
• MAZ-500G mune iyo onboard version uye yakawedzerwa base;
• MAZ-505 ine mavhiri ose;
• MAZ-500Yu/MAZ-513 mumhepo inopisa;
• MAZ-500S / MAZ-512 iri kuchamhembe shanduro.

Imwe mota yakajairika yaive dhori rori yakavakirwa paMAZ-500. Rori crane "Ivanovets" KS-3571 yakaiswa pane chassis yechizvarwa chechipiri rori. Mune tandem yakadaro, iyo yakakosha brigade yaisiyaniswa neayo inoshamisa kutakura kugona, maneuverability uye hupamhi hwechiito. Kusvikira zvino, rori cranes MAZ-500 "Ivanovets" vari kushingaira kushandiswa panzvimbo dzokuvaka, mabasa evanhu uye mune zvokurima.

MAZ-500 ine rori crane

Zvinodiwa MAZ-500

Panguva yekusunungurwa, maitiro eMAZ-500 akaita seanofadza chaizvo - motokari yakapfuura kukwanisa kwevakawanda vevakwikwidzi vayo. Kunyanya, yaive yekutanga cabover rori yakagadzirwa muUSSR.

Asi akakunda rudo rwakakurumbira nekuvimbika kwake uye kuvimbika. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinosiyanisa zveMAZ-500 ndechokuti inogona kushanda nekukundikana kwakakwana kwemidziyo yemagetsi. Uye izvi zvinoreva kuti motokari inotanga pasina matambudziko kunyange mumamiriro okunze anotonhora, zvakakwana kuitanga kubva ku "pusher". Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, mauto MAZ-500, iyo ichiri kushanda, yakapararira, kunyange pasinei nekushayikwa kwemavhiri ose mukugadzirisa kwekutanga.

Ngatigarei zvakadzama pamusoro pehunyanzvi hunhu hwechizvarwa chekutanga MAZ-500. Iko kutakura kugona kweiyo basic modified ndeye 7,5 matani. Huremu hwakafa hwemuchina i6,5 matani. Rori yakagadzirwa mumativi matatu:

• 4,86 mamita;
• 2,48 mamita;
• 0,67 mamitha

MAZ-500 zviyero:

Zviyero zvebhesi rori MAZ-500

Yakareba	7,14 mamitha
Wide	2,5 mamitha
Kureba (kusvika padanho repamusoro rekabhini, kusasanganisa muviri)	2,65 mamitha
Kuchena kwepasi	0,29 mamitha
vhiri formula	4 * 2, · 4 * 4, 6*2
Tangi yemafuta MAZ-500	200 litita

Iye zvino ngationei kuti zviyero uye unyanzvi hwechipiri MAZ-500A hwakachinja sei.

Chizvarwa chechipiri chemauto MAZ-500 (ine mesh grille)

Payload MAZ-500	8 toni
Trailer uremu	12 toni
Kureba pakati pemakisi	3,95 mamitha
Kuchena kwepasi	0,27 mamitha
Yakareba	7,14 mamitha
Wide	2,5 mamitha
Hurefu (mu cab, pasina muviri)	2,65 mamitha
Tangi remafuta	200L

Sezvinogona kuonekwa kubva pamatafura, zviyero zveMAZ-500 zvechizvarwa chekutanga nechechipiri hazvina kuchinja - zviyero zvemarori zvakaramba zvakafanana. Asi nekuda kwekugoverwazve kwegadziriro, zvakakwanisika kusunungura imwe nzvimbo yechikamu chekutakura uye kuwedzera simba rekutakura reMAZ-500A kusvika 8 zviuru makirogiramu. Kuwedzera kwehuremu hwega kwakakonzera kudzikira kudiki kwemvumo yevhu - yakaderera ne20 mm. Tangi yemafuta yakaramba yakafanana - 200 litita. Kushandiswa kweMAZ-500 yechizvarwa chekutanga uye chechipiri mumakwikwi akabatanidzwa ndeye 22 l / 100 km.

MAZ-500 injini

Iyo MAZ-500 injini ine V-yakaita dhizaini uye nyore kuwana pakugadzirisa

Sezvo injini, MAZ-500 yakanga yakashongedzerwa nhanhatu-cylinder YaMZ-236 unit inogadzirwa neYaroslavl Motor Plant. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi chakasiyaniswa nekubatanidzwa kwakanaka kwemafuta ekufambisa uye kuita, izvo zvaive zvakakosha kumarori eguta. Mukuwedzera, injini inoshanda zvakadzikama pamusoro pehupamhi hwekushisa, ine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, uye inowanzosiyaniswa nekuvimbika uye kuvaka mhando.

Kushandiswa kwejini yeYaMZ-236 paMAZ-500 kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kuwana zvimwe zvakanakira. Kunyanya, nekuda kwekurongeka kweV-shaped cylinders, injini yakanga ine zviduku zvishoma. Izvi ndizvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuunganidza MAZ-500 pasina hood uye kuisa injini zvakajeka pasi pekabhu. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kweiyo V-yakaita dhizaini, zvaive zvichikwanisika kutsvaga mayuniti akaiswa mafuta munzvimbo dzinosvikika. Maintenance yeMAZ-500 injini yakanga iri nyore chaizvo kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe marori aivapo panguva iyoyo.

Mukugadzirwa kwejini yeYaMZ-236 paMAZ-500, humwe unyanzvi hutsva hwakashandiswa. Mapombi ejekiseni akasanganiswa kuita yuniti imwe chete uye akashanda zvakasiyana kubva kune majekiseni mumisoro yecylinder. Iyo mafuta module pachayo inowanikwa mukudonha kwezvivharo. Injini ine chete pamusoro pepamusoro camshaft uye imwe crankcase kumisikidzwa.

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvejini yeYaMZ-236 paMAZ-500 yakagadzirwa uchishandisa nzira itsva dzema70s - jekiseni kuumba uye kutsika. Nekuda kweizvozvo, injini yakave yakabudirira zvekuti zvidyarwa zvemagetsi zvemuenzaniso uyu zvichiri kuiswa pamarori nemidziyo yakakosha.

Unyanzvi hunhu hweYaMZ-236 injini paMAZ-500

YaMZ-236 injini paMAZ-500

YaMZ-236 injini yekugadzira kumhanya	YAME-236
Uwandu sepombi	6
Kuchengeteka	v-yakaumbwa nekona yekurudyi
Kutenderera	Kurohwa zvina
Ko macylinders ndeapi	1-4-2-5-3-6
Basa rebasa	11,15 litita
Fuel compression ratio	16,5
Simba	180 zvapano
Kunonyanyisa torque	1500 rpm
Injini inorema	1170 kg

Zvose zviyero zvejini yeYaMZ-236 paMAZ-500 ndezvizvi:

• Kureba 1,02 m;
• Upamhi 1006 m;
• Altitude 1195m.

Yakakwana negearbox uye clutch, injini ine urefu hwe 1796 m.

Kune simba rekugadzira paMAZ-500, yakasanganiswa lubrication system yakarongwa: mamwe magungano (makuru uye ekubatanidza mabheji, tsvimbo yekubatanidza uye rocker bushings, kubatanidza tsvimbo spherical bearings, thrust bushings) yakasvibiswa nemafuta pasi pekumanikidzwa. Magiya, makamera ecamshaft uye mabhengi akaputirwa nemafuta esplash.

Kuchenesa mafuta muMAZ-500 injini, mafirita maviri emafuta anoiswa. Iyo sefa chinhu chinoshandiswa kucheneswa kwakashata kweiyo tekinoroji fluid uye kubviswa kwehombe mekiniki tsvina kubva mairi. Yechipiri yakanaka sefa yemafuta ndeye centrifugal dhizaini ine jet drive.

Kuti utonhodze mafuta, inotonhorera yemafuta inoiswa, inowanikwa zvakasiyana nejini.

MAZ-500 checkpoint

Scheme yeMAZ-500 gearbox

PaMAZ-500 paMAZ-XNUMX pakaiswa giya bhokisi. The manual transmission had five speeds. Yechishanu giya - yakawandisa, masynchronizer aive padanho rechipiri-rechitatu uye rechina-rechishanu. Sezvo magiya egiya rekutanga asina synchronizer, kushandura kune yekutanga giya kunogona chete kuitwa nekudzikira kwakanyanya mukumhanya kwerori.

Chimiro cheMAZ-500 gadziriro yaive yekuti positi yekudzora yaive kure nemutyairi. Kuti vatsigire chinhambwe ichi, murori wakaiswa remote control, ichibatsirwa magiya acho. Dhizaini yakadaro haina kusiyanisa kunyanya kuvimbika, sezvo nzira yekudzora kure yakasunungurwa.

Ese magiya ekutapurirana, kunze kwekutanga, reverse uye PTO, anogara akabatana nemagiya anoenderana ekuisa uye kubuda shafts. Mazino ayo ane spiral yakarongeka, iyo inoitwa kuti iwedzere hupenyu hwebasa uye kuderedza ruzha panguva yekushanda kweMAZ-1 gearbox. Zvakare, kuderedza ruzha, yepakati shaft giya ine giya remhete ine damper spring yakaiswa.

Kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwesevhisi yekutapurirana, ese mashafts uye magiya ekudzikisa anogadzirwa nesimbi alloy uye anoiswa carbur uye kupisa kunorapwa mushure mekukanda.

Gearbox giya mazino akaiswa kubva pazasi crankcase. Magwenzi, ayo anoita semagiya ekupinza magiya makuru, anonyoroveswa neoiri yakamanikidzwa. Oiri inobva papombi yemafuta iri pamadziro ekumberi kwe crankcase.

Sezvo magiya ekutapurirana achitenderera, oiri inoyamwa munzvimbo inodzikira mazino. Jekiseni remafuta rinoitika panzvimbo dzemazino.

Muteyo wemafuta ane magineti element unowanikwa pazasi pepani yekutapurirana kuti uchenese mafuta. Inochengeta machipisi nesimbi zvimedu, zvinonyatso kuchenesa giya mafuta.

Iyo gearshift chirongwa cheMAZ-500 ndeichi:

Gearshift chirongwa pane MAZ-500 rori

Kazhinji, bhokisi reMAZ-500 rakasimba uye rakavimbika. Ane chimiro. Iyo pombi yemafuta yekufambisa haishande kana injini yakamira. Saka, kana injini isiri kushanda, mafuta ekufambisa haapindi mubhokisi. Iyi poindi inofanirwa kuverengerwa pakukweva rori.

Kutungamira MAZ-500

Kutungamira chirongwa MAZ-500

Iyo iri nyore, asi panguva imwechete yakavimbika yekutungamirira yeMAZ-500 yakanga iri itsva yenguva yayo. Rori yakagamuchira hydraulic booster uye telescopic steering column, nekuda kwekuti kusvika kwechidhiraivho kunogona kugadziridzwa iwe.

Steering MAZ-500 inogona kugadzirwa

Iyo yakanyatsofungwa-yekutungamirira dhizaini haina kungoita iyo MAZ-500 imwe yemarori ari nyore kutyaira. Yakaitawo kuti kusevhisi pombi, chidhiraivho chemagetsi uye mamwe magiya ekutungamirira zvive nyore sezvo zvinhu zvese zvakazorwa uye zvinotsiviwa zvaiwanikwa nyore kuti zviongororwe nekutsiviwa.

Iyo MAZ-500 yekutungamirira nzira inosanganisa basa rezvinotevera zvimiro zvinhu:

• mbiru yekutungamirira;
• Power steering;
• simba cylinder tip;
• chidhiraivho;
• brake drum;
• danda reekisi remberi.

Nheyo yekushanda kweMAZ-500 yekutungamirira nzira ndeyotevera. Chekutanga pane zvese, iyo yekumanikidza pombi inoendesa kumanikidza kune iyo hydraulic booster. Kana rori ichifamba mumutsara wakatwasuka, saka chidhiraivho chemagetsi chiri kuita chinhambwe. Paunenge uchishandura muchina, spool inotanga kufamba, semugumisiro weiyo hydraulic oiri inopinda mumhango yesimba cylinder. Kana iwe ukawedzera kona yekufambisa, dhayamita yechiteshi inowedzerawo. Izvi zvinowedzera kudzvanywa pane rack yekufambisa.

Iwo asina kusimba mapoinzi echidhiraivha ndeaya:

• spool - nekukuvara kudiki, inogona kudzoserwa, asi kazhinji inodiwa kuisa imwe nyowani yakaunganidzwa nemuviri;
• simba cylinder tsvimbo - tsvimbo pachayo ine muganhu wakakwana wekuchengeteka, asi ine tambo isina simba; zvikanganiso zviduku zvinogona kubviswa nekukuya nekuisa tambo itsva;
• cylinder yemagetsi - nzvimbo yaro yekushanda inoenderana nekupfeka, iyo, ine chiedza chebrasion, inogona kudzorerwa ne bluing.

Kutyaira MAZ-500

Dhizaini ye hydraulic booster MAZ-500

Nekuda kwekuvapo kwe hydraulic booster, mutyairi weMAZ-500 aisafanira kuita yakakura amplitude nechidhiraivho. Jerks uye kugogodza kana kutyaira pamusoro pemapump zvakare kwakaderera, kureva kuti, motokari yaishandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Simba rinotungamirira paMAZ-500 rinosanganisira muparadzi uye silinda yesimba. Zvikamu zvayo zvinoti:

• vane pombi (yakaiswa zvakananga pane injini);
• mudziyo wemafuta;
• hoses

Kuyerera kwemvura inotenderera mukutungamira kwesimba kunodzorwa neanogovera. Inotungamira kuyerera kubva papombi kuenda kune silinda yemagetsi. Nokudaro, apo pombi iri kushanda, dunhu rakavharwa rinowanikwa.

Scheme of the power steering (GUR) paMAZ-500

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti MAZ-500 hydraulic booster yakasiyana zvikuru kubva simba chidhiraivho, iyo yakaiswa pamotokari yemazuva ano. Mazovsky's power steering aiva nepombi ine simba shoma, saka mutyairi achiri kufanira kuedza kudzora rori. Paivawo nematambudziko panguva yekushanda kwechando. Dhizaini yekutungamira kwesimba haina kudzivirira mafuta mumitsetse ye hydraulic kubva kuchando.

Kuti abvise zvikanganiso izvi, varidzi vakashandura nzira yekuzvarwa yeMAZ-500 kune mamwe mayuniti emazuva ano ane dhizaini yakakwana. Chaizvoizvo, nhasi hazviwanzo kuwana MAZ-500 ine chizvarwa chidhiraivho uye unmodified hydraulic booster.

Undercarriage

Rori yeMAZ-500 yakagadzirwa nehurefu hwakasiyana uye nemhando dzakasiyana dzevhiri:

• 4*2;
• 4*4;
• 6 * 2.

Zvese zvinogadziridzwa zvemuchina zvakaunganidzwa pane riveted furemu. MAZ-500 pamberi uye kumashure maekisero akanga akashongedzerwa zvitubu akareba, izvo zvakapa rori mutsetse uye kunyange kukwira. Unhu uhwu hwakanyanya kufarirwa nevatyairi vemarori, avo rwendo rweMAZ-500 rwakanga rwakanyanya kugadzikana pane mamwe marori.

Rear ekisero MAZ-500

Mavhiri eekesesi yepamberi ane divi rimwe chete, uye mavhiri eesesi yekumashure ane mativi maviri, asina madhisiki.

MAZ-500 kumisa chirongwa

Kumiswa kweMAZ-500 kwakaitawo basa rinokosha mukushanda kweinjini. Yakanga iine torque isina kuenzana, izvo zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwekudengenyeka. Kuchengetedza chassis kubva kune mamwe mitoro yekuvhunduka, kumiswa kwacho kwaifanira kuitwa kupfava uye kuchinjika.

Kufunga nezvese nuances, iyo yekumisa dhizaini yakaitwa tricycle. Imwe bracket iri pamberi, mamwe maviri ari pamativi, padyo neiyo flywheel housing. Yechina yekutsigira bracket iri pane gearbox dzimba. Izvo zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa kutsigirwa mushure mekugadzirisa kuitira kuti ubvise mutoro wakawandisa kubva kune shock absorber. Basa rinoitwa injini yakamira.

Iwe unofanirwawo kutarisa mamiriro e rivets uye mabhoti ekubatanidza. Munguva yekushanda kwerori, ivo vanove vakasununguka, izvo zvinogona kutariswa nehunhu hunotinhira ruzha. Mabhaudhi akasununguka anofanira kusimbiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Kana ari mabheti akasununguka, anogurwa uye matsva anoiswa. Riveting inoitwa neanopisa rivets.

Mukuwedzera pakuongorora kubatanidzwa paunenge uchishumira chassis uye kumiswa kweMAZ-500, zvakakosha kuongorora chimiro. Kuonekwa kwemarara kunofanirwa kudzorwa uye kubviswa padanho rekutanga, sezvo kupararira kwekuora kunoderedza kuneta kwesimba rerori.

Unyanzvi hunoita hweMAZ-500 pamberi pekumiswa kwechirimo ndeiyi inotevera:

• nhamba yemashizha - 11;
• chikamu chemashizha mana ekutanga 90x10 mm, mamwe 90x9 mm;
• kureba pakati pepakati pemasanhu echitubu mounts ndeye 1420 mm;
• chitubu pini dhayamita - 32 mm.

Tekinoroji maitiro eiyo kumashure spring suspension:

• nhamba yemashizha - 12;
• chikamu chepepa - 90x12 mm;
• kureba pakati pepakati pemasanhu echitubu mounts ndeye 1520 mm;
• chitubu pini dhayamita - 50 mm.

Pamberi uye kumashure maaxles eMAZ-500, kureba kwehafu-elliptical spring suspension yakashandiswa. Zvitubu zvinonyatso tora vibrations mundege yakatwasuka uye ive nechokwadi chekufambisa kwekukweva uye braking simba kubva padhiraivha axle kuenda pafuremu.

Mabhureki uye torque mauto anoendeswa kune inotungamirwa axle. Kumiswa kwechirimo kwechitubu chekufambisa kunopa kinematics inodiwa yemuchina wekutungamirira.

Iyo yekumberi yekumisikidza yakashongedzerwa nekaviri-acting hydraulic shock absorbers, uye yekumashure inomiswa yakashongedzerwa nekuwedzera mashizha zvitubu.

Kabhini MAZ 500

Zvichienderana neMAZ 500 mudziyo, iyo kabhini inogona kuve neinotevera marongero:

• Kusurukirwa,
• Kaviri,
• Triple.

Kugadziriswa kweMAZ-500 nekabheti imwe chete hakuna kupinda mukugadzirwa kwemazhinji uye kwaivepo muhuwandu hwehuwandu seprototypes.

Motokari yekuyedza MAZ-500 ine single cab

Pamotokari yemarara yeMAZ-500 pakaiswa double cab, uye mamwe marori aiva nekatatu kane zvigaro zvakasiyana zvemutyairi nevafambi vaviri.

Imba yakazara-yakazara yakapihwa zvakare mune mbiri uye katatu kabhini yeMAZ-500.

Dashboard mukati me cab MAZ-500

Nhasi, mukati meMAZ-500 haishamisi uye inotaridzika zvishoma. Asi panguva yekusunungurwa, rori haina kusara shure kwemamwe marori pamusika maererano nekunyaradza, uye mune dzimwe nguva kunyange kupfuura vaaidzidza navo. Kazhinji, varidzi vanocherechedza kugadzirwa kwakasununguka kwezvigaro, nzvimbo yepamusoro yekugara, nzvimbo huru yegirazi uye kurongeka kwakanaka kwezviridzwa. PaMAZ-500 yemazuva ano, kabhini inowanzogadziriswa. Kunyanya, mamwe macheya akasununguka ari kuiswa uye mubhedha uri kuvandudzwa.

Kare takanyora nezvehunyanzvi hunhu hweMAZ 4370 Zubrenok.