Rubbish RR-07

Isu tadzokera kune indoor regatta modhi. Tavaka chikepe chechinomwe chegutter mu "Mu Workshop", panguva ino tichatora rwendo rweku Celestial Empire kuti tidzidze nezve zvinonakidza zvakaitwa nevakuru vekare matekiniki!

1. Zheng He (verenga: Cheng He), kana kuti Admiral weWestern Seas (1377-1433) - mutungamiriri wenzendo huru nomwe dzezvikepe zvikurusa zvekuChina.

Nhasi, vazhinji vehama, vachida kuratidza kuzvidza chimwe chiridzwa kana mudziyo, vanoti "Chinese"...

Kutanga Kwazvose: hazvina kukodzera kutonga mu chambula.

Chipiri: Vatengi vekuMadokero vanowanzomanikidza kuchengetedza zvakanyanya.

Chechitatu: Nhasi, China inogadzira huwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa zvemhando yemakambani makuru epasirese (kusanganisira ayo ane mukurumbira weazvino matekinoroji).

Chechina: Saizvozvo, vanhu vekuAmerica vakataura makumi emakore apfuura nezvezvigadzirwa zveJapan, asi izvo zvave kubva zvachinja. Uye China zvakare iri kuchinja.

Chechishanu: vaimbova vagadziri veChinese kakawanda kupfuura isu tinowanzofunga kuti vaive pamberi pemadzitateguru edu mune tekinoroji nemazana emakore, uye zvakatonyanya!

Zvigadzirwa zvePrachin

Icho chokwadi chekuti zvisikwa zvevasiki vehumambo madota, silika, porcelain kana, zvichida, vazhinji vedu takatobata nzeve dzedu kune imwe nzvimbo, asi iyi inongova chidimbu chechando chezviwanikwa uye zvigadzirwa zvatinokwereta kune vagadziri vekare. kuMiddle Kingdom. Ngatitorei mashoma kubva kumahombekombe:

3000 BC - amburera,

2737 - tii

2500 - sundial,

2200 - turnstile,

2200 - parachute prototype,

2000 - forogo,

2000 - ice cream,

2000 - macaroni,

1600 - fan,

1000 - mafuta asina kuchena, chiedza chemwenje mumarambi,

200 - wheelbarrow (pano makore mazana manomwe gare gare),

XNUMX muzana remakore BC - multi-row seeder,

300 AD - makadhi ebhizinesi,

600 - mari yemapepa,

724 - mechanical wachi,

868 - mabhuku akadhindwa (mapuranga),

940 - lenzi,

1041 - mafonti anofambiswa,

1240 - mapoinzi,

XNUMXth century - pepa rechimbuzi,

Muzana remakore rechiXNUMX - mazino.

2. Iyo baochuan (hombe naval treasury) modhi inopa pfungwa yehukuru hwavo sekudaro (cherekedza magadheni edhisiki).

Imperial Navy yeAdmiral Zheng He

Zvakare mumunda wekuvaka ngarava uye kufamba, maChinese ari kure mberi kweOld Continent. Kare muna 486 BC. vaishandisa nzira dzekutumira. Muzana ramakore rekutanga AD, vakagona kugona kushambira vachipesana nemhepo. Muna 100 vakashandisa kambasi yekutanga. Muna 750, zvidzoreso zvekumashure zvakashandiswa pazvikepe. Muna 984, vakakunda shanduko yekumusoro nekuda kwema canals-chamber locks.

3. Kana Columbus akaiswa kumberi panzvimbo pechikepe cheChinese, zviyero zvaizofanana - zvaizopfupika zvakapetwa kashanu pane mureza weAdmiral Zheng.

Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi chinhu kana zvichienzaniswa nenzendo dzezvikepe zvikuru zveChinese, zvakatanga muna 1405, zvinosanganisira ngarava dzinopfuura 250 uye zvikepe zvinenge zviuru makumi maviri nezvisere. vanhu (iyo 28 zviuru pane yakakura pfuma ngarava).

4. Muchikamu chino chenyika, nzendo kunomwe dzezvikepe zvikuru zveChinese zvakanyorwa, kunyange zvingangoitika uye fungidziro dzisina kusimbiswa dzinototaura nezvenzira yadzo yekuAmerica - Columbus asati asvika...

Mambo akamuendesa kumvura dzeIndian Ocean, kuArabian Strait uye kuEast Africa. Yunle (mutongi wechitatu weMing Dynasty) - kuratidza simba uye kubwinya kweKudenga Empire (4).

5. Makore mazana matanhatu mushure merwendo rukuru rwekutanga, maChina akakudza admiral wavo (kunyangwe Mongolia nekuzvarwa) nechikepe chemidziyo chakatumidzwa zita rake - pamwe ari kungoendesa zvinhu zveKisimusi zvakarairwa kune rumwe rutivi rwepasi ...?

Zvikepe zvikuru zvemambo (2) - pfumbamwe baochuan (ngarava dzezvikepe) - dzaive dzakakura zvakapetwa makumi maviri pane ekutanga makaraveri emugungwa akavakwa panguva iyoyo muEurope, aine kutamiswa kwematani zana uye nekashanu kureba kupfuura mureza waChristopher Columbus, Santa Maria (100). Mukuru wavo akaverengera vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu. matani ekutamiswa (anoenderana neazvino frigate yekurwa) uye isina mvura bulkheads / makamuri, akaonekwa muEurope chete muzana ramakore rechi3.

6. Pasinei nokuti ngarava huru yakavigwa, zvigadziriso zvepakutanga zvakasara kusvikira nhasi. Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza zvakajeka kupatsanurwa kwemaseiri - aimbove akagadzirwa kubva kune akarukwa mabheti!

Mambo akapa murairo wezvikepe zvikuru kumuranda wake akazvipira (1) - akachenjera, mukuru (kupfuura mamita maviri) uye ane simba. Zhengovich He (verenga: Cheng He). Basa guru rehondo iyi, zvisinei, rakanga risiri kurwisana (kunyangwe rakanga rakagadzirirwa zvakanaka), asi kutenda kwakajeka kwevatongi vedzimwe nyika kuti pakanga pasina chikonzero chekupinda mukupokana neChina uye kuti zvaive zvakakodzera kuzviisa pasi. kwavari - semuenzaniso, kukudziridza kutengeserana.

7. Kusununguka kwekushandisa uye zvakakosha zvivakwa zvinogadzira 2 zviuru. makore mushure mekugadzirwa kwemaseiri eChinese, anoshandiswa pamayachts emazuva ano.

Nehurombo, kufamba kukuru kweAdmiral hakuna kusimbisa simba reChina mumakungwa ekumabvazuva. Kusawirirana nevaMongolia vaiva kumuganhu wokuchamhembe uye kuendeswazve kwemari yose yokuvaka Rusvingo Rukuru zvakaita kuti pakazofa Zheng He muna 1433, ngarava huru dzakaparara. Kutaura idi, vatongi vakatevedzana vakatorambidza kuvakwa kwengarava dzine danda rinopfuura rimwe, uye China yakazviparadzanisa imene nenyika yose kwemazana akawanda emakore.

8. Zvigadzirwa zveChinese zvekuvaka zvikepe zvinokurudzirawo vagadziri vezvikepe zvemazuva ano (Malta Falcon mufananidzo).

Junks - mapapiro ane mapapiro

Sezvineiwo, ruzivo rwakakura rwemugungwa, zvinosuruvarisa rwakasiiwa pamahombekombe eRwizi rweYellow, haruna kurasika zvachose. Izvi zvakaitika nekuda kwevagadziri vezvikepe vekuChina, avo, mushure mekuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzekwavo dzengarava, vakatamira kunyika dzakavakidzana kuti vaenderere mberi nebasa ravo ikoko. Kusvika nanhasi, ngarava dzine maseiri ane hunhu dzinofamba muFar East (6, 7). Classic junks - nekuti tiri kutaura nezvavo izvozvi - vane akasiyana maficha anoasiyanisa zvakajeka kubva kune mamwe machikepe epasirese:

• muromo wakagomara, kazhinji wakakomberedzwa mabhururu asina keel (keel), asi ane chidzoreso chine maburi (10) uye "maziso" kumucheto kumberi kwemativi;
• swivel matt bamboo maseiri (pepuru mungarava huru), akatambanudzwa pakati pembabvu dzemushenjere (mbabvu), akasimudzwa kubva pasi (kubva pamafuremu akaitwa “pi” padhishi) kuitira shanduko iri nyore pamusoro pawo (grooving).

9. Kune avo vanoda kugadzirira PP-07 modhi nemhando yezvishandiso, tinokurudzira mufananidzo uyu - unoratidza zvakajeka mawinji akadhonza maseiri, uye mapuranga ayo akapetwa maseiri akaiswa.

10. Vagadziri vechiChinese vakashandisa

perforated feed rudders. Unogona

Ndinofunga nekuti axis

kutendeuka kwaive kumberi,

maburi akaderedza simba raidiwa

ramba uchitenderedza vhiri

vanogonawo kuputsa kuyerera

laminar, kunyatsoshanda-kuwedzera

zvimbi nezvidiki

speed (yakafanana

turbulators pamapapiro emuenzaniso

gliders).

Aya marudzi emhinduro achiri kushandiswa kwete kuFar East chete (kunyangwe achikunda ikoko). Iwo zvakare sosi yekurudziro yezvigadziriso zvigadziriso zvakaita seMaltese Falkon (8). 

Muenzaniso RR-07: Junk

Sezvauri kuona kubva munyaya yacho pachayo, chimiro chatiri kuda kugadzira ndechechinomwe mukirasi iyi ine mbiri yevakomana vegungwa. Parizvino, anotevera mamodheru ekirasi ino anoburitswa mudhipatimendi redu:

• classic sailboat ("MT" 5/2011);
• galeon (MT 6/2012);
• (“MT” 5/2013);
• tratwę (Kon-Tiki-“MT” 8/2008);
• (“MT” 5/2014);
• Polynesian proa (“MT” 4/2019).

Zvirongwa zveaya mamodheru zvinogona kuwanikwa muzvinyorwa zvakachengetwa zvemwedzi wega wega (chikamu chayo pawebhusaiti yevadiki matekiniki) uye paMODELmaniak. PL uye Facebook mbiri "Regaty Rynnowe".

Iyo PP-07 modhi, nekuda kwechinangwa chayo, ishanduro yakareruka kwazvo yepakutanga - ine zvakare yekuwedzera ballast stabilizer, iyo iwe yausingazowana mujunk chaiyo.

Zvinhu zvikuru zvekuvaka mini-yacht zvichave (12):

• XPS foam kana yakafanana (iyi modhi inogonawo kugadzirwa kubva kumakwati kana balsa);
• bamboo tsvimbo dzine dhayamita 3 mm;
• firimu repurasitiki rezvikepe (somuenzaniso, kubva kune zvivharo zvefolda);
• simbi yesimbi 1,5-2 mm ye ballast keel;
• 0,3mm ndiro (sekubva mugaba resoda) kana purasitiki 0,5mm (sekubva pakadhi rechikwereti rekare) yechidhiraivho. Tinoda zvakare:
• polymer glue (yefuro);
• acrylic pendi isina mvura;
• zvingasarudzwa zvimwe zvishongedzo zvekugadzirisa (somuenzaniso, chigadziko);
• wallpaper banga, sandpaper block, penzura, mutongi, nezvimwe.

11. Chinhu chinonakidza zvakare kazhinji kusiri-kufanana, kusiyanisa matemo emasteti pajunks.

Zvakare zvakakodzera kuverenga:

http://bit.ly/34BTvcJ — wynalazki z Chin

http://bit.ly/2OZ1om0 — statki chińskie (4 strony)

http://bit.ly/2sAMZoH — Zheng He

Kuvakwa kwechikamu

Nzira iri nyore yekudhinda (kukopa) kudhirowa kwezvinhu zvemuenzaniso pachiyero chinotarirwa - iyo yakapihwa pano ichave inobatsira. pattern kana kuprinda iyo PDF faira. Pahwaro hwayo, chikamu chikuru chehull (2) chinochekwa kubva kune 13 cm gobvu styrodur slab, uye ipapo uta uye mashure makiyi anotemwa kubva kune 1 cm slab.

12. Zvinhu zvakakosha uye zvishandiso zvekugadzira modhi yedu.

13. Zvese zvaunoda kuti ucheke nhengo dzemuviri ndeye banga remadziro uye imwe yepakati-grit abrasive ibwe. Attention! Iyo furo inobatwa zvakanyanya nemazino - kunyangwe nemunwe!

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuve nejecha - bhara rinoputika (kana chipanje) rine gradation inosvika mazana maviri inonyatsokodzera izvi.Nemamwe mamodheru, unogona kuedza kucheka neresitive waya - kune imwe modhi, zvisinei, izvi hazvibatsiri. Mushure mekunamatidza furo zvinhu (200), cheka chidzoreso uye minhenga kubva papepa. Kuti uzviise mu fuselage, cheka ma grooves anoenderana muzasi kwayo (pamwe neiyo longitudinal axis) nebanga.

14. Iyo yakanamirwa uye ine jecha hull inenge yakagadzirira kupenda - chaizvoizvo, ikozvino zvingava nyore kunama zvimbi.

15. Pakupenda, zvakanaka kushandisa chidimbu chesiponji (bhurashi chete mumakona) uye isina mvura (kunyangwe mvura-based) acrylic paint.

Kana zvikamu izvi zvabatanidzwa pamwe chete, muviri unogona kupendwa (15). Kudhirowa kwechiyero che 1:1 kuchabatsirawo kucheka maseiri. Iwe unogona kuvacheka nebanga kana chigero - zvakakosha kuti usafambisa template (16). Mushure mekucheka pamapuranga, unofanira kukotamisa mitsetse inofananidzira bamboo rake (17). Kutenda kwavari, maseiri zvakare anonamira kunze - iwe unofanirwa kuve neshuwa kuti anoramba ari munzira kwayo.

16. Cheka zvikepe zviri nyore nematemplate.

17. Kukwinya foiri (paive nematanda emushenjere ekutanga) zvinounza maseiri pedyo nehurongwa.

Makomba emamasi anogona kuchekwa ne 3 mm hole punch kana banga rine "x" zvitambi (sezvakaitwa munguva ichangopfuura mumabhoti akafanana muAmerica).

Bamboo skewers dzinoda kuchekwa kusvika pahurefu hwaidiwa, dzakanamirwa nemaseiri (hadzigone kutenderera - dzinokanganisa nhangemutange) uye dzakanamirwa munzvimbo dzakakodzera pamadheki (18).

18. Chinese bamboo masts anofanira kunyatsochekwa kumativi ose uye kuputsika. Mushure mekupenya, vanonamirwa padhishi pamwe chete nemaseiri anonamirwa kwavari.

19. Yakapedzwa modhi. Maseiri akaiswa mune inonzi butterfly - iyi gadziriso inowanzoshandiswa (kusanganisira mujunks) pane yakazara kosi (dutu mhepo).

Parizvino, modhi yave kuda kugadzirira (19). Saka ungada kufunga nezvezvishandiso zvinobatsira (9): chigadziko, pennant pane mainmast (inovawo chinhu chinodzivirira pakati peziso nepamusoro pedanda), uye zvekushongedza (semuenzaniso, "maziso" pamberi pedanda). hull, "pi" mafuremu, spiers, anchors, nezvimwewo).

20. Ikokuuya kweGOCC yekupedzisira pamwe yakafuridzirwa nedingindira rezvikepe zvedu zviduku - zvichida tinofanira kuishandisa kuitira rubatsiro rwemunhu wese ...?

Masendimita maviri emvura (anenge masendimita mashanu) mune maviri anoenderana chute mitsetse (inotsanangurwa mu "MT" 5/6) inokwana mujaho, kunyangwe iyi mhando yemhando yemhando yekushambira yekunakidzwa uye inowira muchikamu chejaketi.