Intercooler chii chiri mumotokari

Vazhinji vanofarira mota vanowanzotaura kuti mota yavo ine injini ine turbocharged. Zvakanaka, chokwadi, munhu wose achafara kutaura kuti pasi Hood haana chete mumhepo kumanikidzwa, asi zvokuimba supercharger. Asi vazhinji vacho havanyatsonzwisisa mamiriro ese einjini turbocharging system.

Nokudaro, munyaya ino tichaedza kutaura pamusoro pechimwe chezvikamu zve turbocharging, iyo inonzi intercooler - chii chiri mumotokari, nheyo yekushanda, uye nei ichidiwa pane injini ye turbocharged.

Chii chinonzi intercooler

Intercooler mudziyo wemuchina (wakafanana neradiator) unoshandiswa kutonhorera mweya weturbine kana supercharger (compressor).

Chii chinonzi chinotonhorera?

Basa remunhu anotonhodza mweya kutonhodza mweya mushure mekunge wapfuura nepane turbine kana supercharger. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti turbine inogadzira mweya kumanikidza, nekuda kwekumanikidza, mweya unopisa, zvichiteerana, neyakawedzera uye inogara ichisimudzira, tembiricha iri mune inopinda kune humburumbira inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya kubva kune tembiricha yepakati inotonhora.

Ainoita

Turbocharger inoshanda nekutsikirira mweya, ichiwedzera huwandu hwayo isati yasvika kuma cylinders einjini. Nekutsikirira mweya wakawanda, imwe humburumbira yeinjini inokwanisa kupisa zvakaenzana mafuta, uye kugadzira simba rakawanda nemoto wega wega.

Iyi yekumanikidza maitiro inogadzira yakawanda kupisa. Nehurombo, mhepo painopisa, inovawo isina kuunyana, ichideredza huwandu hweoxygen inowanikwa mune imwe humburumbira uye ichikanganisa mashandiro!

Iyo inotonhorera yakagadzirirwa kurwisa maitiro aya nekutonhodza mweya wakamanikidzwa kuti ipe injini iine okisijeni yakawanda uye kugadzirisa kupisa mumiririri imwe neimwe. Uye zvakare, nekugadzirisa tembiricha yemhepo, inowedzerawo kuvimbika kweinjini nekuona yakaringana mweya kune peturu reshiyo mune imwe humburumbira.

Intercooler mhando

Kune maviri akakosha marudzi eanotonhora anoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana:

Mhepo-kumhepo

Sarudzo yekutanga mweya-kune-mhepo inotonhorera, umo mweya wakamanikidzwa unopfuudzwa nemazhinji machubhu madiki. Kuchenesa kunotamiswa kubva kumhepo inopisa yakamanikidzwa kuenda kune aya mafini anotonhorera, ayo anobva adzikiswa nekukurumidza kuyerera kwemhepo kubva mumotokari inofamba.

Kana mweya wakadzvanywa wakadzvanywa wapfuura nepakati pechinotonhorera, unobva wapinzwa mukati meinjini yekudyira yakawanda uye mukati memasirinda. Iyo yakapusa, kurema uremu uye yakachipa mutengo weanofema-kuenda-kumhepo intercoolers vanovaita ivo vanonyanya kufarirwa sarudzo kune mazhinji turbocharged mota.

Mhepo-mvura

Seizvo zita rinoratidzira, vanodzivirira mhepo-kune-mvura vanoshandisa mvura kudzikisira tembiricha yemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Mvura inotonhorera inodhonzwa nepakati pemachubhu madiki, ichitora kupisa kubva kumhepo yakamanikidzwa painopfuura nemumidziyo. Kana mvura iyi ikapisa, inozopurwa kuburikidza neiri redhiyeta kana kutonhora wedunhu usati wapindazve mune inotonhorera.

Mhepo-kune-mvura intercoolers inowanzove iri diki pane yemhepo-kune-mhepo intercoolers, ichivaita iwo akakodzera kune injini kune nzvimbo yakakwira, uye nekuti mvura inopisa mweya zviri nani kupfuura mweya, yakakodzera kune yakafara tembiricha renji.

Nekudaro, iyo yekuwedzera dhizaini kuomarara, mutengo, uye huremu hwakabatana neyemhepo-kune-mvura intercoolers zvinoreva kuti kazhinji hazviwanzo kujairika uye kumisikidzwa pamotokari injini.

Kuiswa kwevanononoka

Kunyangwe, mukufungidzira, mweya intercoolers inogona kuwanikwa chero pakati peiyo turbocharger neinjini, dzinonyanya kushanda panenge paine kufefetera kuri nani, uye dzinowanzo kuve pamberi pemotokari kuseri kweiyo huru radiator grille.

Mune dzimwe mota, nzvimbo yeinjini inopesana neiyi uye iyo inotonhorera inoiswa pamusoro peinjini, asi mweya wekufema kazhinji hausi pano uye intercooler inogona kuratidzwa nekupisa kubva kuinjini pachayo. Muzviitiko izvi, yakawedzera hood yemhepo kana scoops akaiswa mune hood, iyo inowedzera kuyerera kwemhepo.

Kunyatsoshanda

Paunenge uchiisa chero mimwe michina, mutyairi wese anogara achiteerera kune zvine musoro kushandisa chikamu kana hurongwa hwese. Kana iri yekubudirira kwe intercooler, musiyano pakati pekuvapo kwayo uye kusavapo unonzwa zvakanaka. Sezvatakanzwisisa, intercooler inotonhodza mweya wakapinzwa muinjini neturbine. Sezvo supercharger inoshanda pakupisa kwakanyanya, inopa mweya unopisa kune injini.

Sezvo mhepo inopisa isinganyanyi kuomeswa, inobatsira pakupisa kusingashande kwemusanganiswa wemafuta emhepo. Kutonhora kwemhepo, kunowedzera kusimba kwayo, zvinoreva kuti okisijeni yakawanda inopinda mumasirinda, uye injini inogamuchira mamwe masimba ebhiza. Semuenzaniso, kana ukatonhodza mweya unouya nemadhigirii gumi chete, mota inova nesimba nezvikamu zvitatu kubva muzana.

Asi kunyange kana iwe ukatora yakajairika air intercooler (mhepo inopfuura nepakati pemachubhu e-radiator), ipapo panguva yainosvika injini, tembiricha yayo inodonha ne50 madhigirii. Asi kana mvura intercooler yakaiswa mumotokari, saka zvimwe zvinogadziridzwa zvinogona kuderedza tembiricha mhepo ari injini kutora hurongwa nezvinosvika 70 madhigirii. Uye uku ndiko kuwedzera kwe21 muzana kwesimba.

Asi chinhu ichi chichazviratidza chete mune turbocharged injini. Chekutanga, zvichanetsa kune yakasikwa injini inoshuvira kupomba mweya kuburikidza neyakakura yekudyara system. Chechipiri, mune pfupi yekutora system, mhepo haina nguva yekupisa, senge iri nyaya yeturbine. Nokuda kwezvikonzero izvi, hazvina musoro kuisa intercooler mune motors dzakadaro.

Inogona kubviswa here?

Kana iyo intercooler ichikanganisa muridzi wemotokari neimwe nzira, iyi system inogona kubviswa. Asi izvi zvinogona chete kuita zvine musoro kana mota isati yave yakagadzirwa nehurongwa uhu. Uye kunyange kana motokari yakagadziridzwa, kusavapo kweintercooler kunobva kwaonekwa. Kana kuiswa kweintercooler kwaita kuti injini iwedzere simba ne15-20 muzana, kusavapo kwechikamu ichi kunobva kwaonekwa.

Chinhu chacho chinogona kubviswa here?

Asi kunze kwekuderedza simba rejini inopisa mukati, mune dzimwe nguva, kuputsa intercooler kunogona kutungamirira kukuparara kwejini. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana iyi system iri chikamu chekugadzira mota, uye inosanganisirwa mufekitori michina.

Pa turbocharged mukati meinjini dzinopisa, haufanirwe kubvisa iyo intercooler (zvakare: kana iri fekitori midziyo), nekuti inopa kuwedzera kutonhora kunodiwa kuti ishande yakakwana injini. Pamusana pekupisa kwakanyanya, zvikamu zvaro zvinogona kukundikana.

Kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekuzvimisira

Kana zvikave zvakakosha kuisa intercooler mumotokari (shanduko inosiyana nefekitari imwe, kana kazhinji segadziriro itsva yejini), saka iyi inofanira kuenderana nemirairo inotevera:

• Nzvimbo yakakwana yekupisa kupisa. Sezvaunoziva, mhepo yakanyoroveswa nekuda kwekuchinjana kwekupisa kunoitika muradiator (iyo nzira imwechete inoitika muradiator yejini inotonhorera system). Iyo yakakura nzvimbo yeradiator, iyo inowedzera kushanda kwayo. Iyi ifizikisi, uye hapana nzira yekuibvisa. Nokudaro, hazvina musoro kutenga radiator duku - haizokwanisi kuwedzera huwandu hunoonekwa hwebhiza. Asi kunyange chikamu chikuru kwazvo chinogona kusakwana pasi pehodhi.
• Muchinjikwa wechikamu chepombi dzehurongwa. Iwe haufanirwe kushandisa mutsara mutete (pane mhepo shoma mukati mayo, saka inotonhodzwa zvakanyanya), nekuti muchiitiko ichi turbine ichasangana nekuwedzera mutoro. Mhepo inofanira kufamba yakasununguka kuburikidza nehurongwa.
• Chimiro chekupisa kupisa. Vamwe vatyairi vanofunga kuti radiator ine madziro anopisa anopisa anozoshanda zvakanyanya. Muchokwadi, iyo system inongowedzera kurema. Kubudirira kwekupisa kwekushisa kunopesana nehupamhi hwemadziro: hukuru hwavo, hunoita kuti huve hwakaderera.
• Highway chimiro. Iyo inotsvedzerera kubhenda muhurongwa, zvichave nyore kuti turbine isundire mweya kumota. Naizvozvo, sarudzo dzinofanirwa kupihwa kune conical chubhu, uye kubhenda kwenozzles kunofanirwa kuve neiyo yakakura kwazvo radius.
• Kusimba. Zvakakosha kubvisa zvachose kurasikirwa kwemhepo inotenderera muhurongwa kana kubuda kwayo. Kuti uite izvi, mapaipi ese ehurongwa anofanirwa kugadziriswa zvakasimba sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune intercoolers yemvura (kuitira kuti inotonhorera kubva muhurongwa irege kubuda).

Isa intercooler itsva

Kana iyo mota yatove yakashongedzerwa neintercooler, saka sisitimu inogona kugadziridzwa nekuisa inobereka shanduko. Sezvatakambokurukura, zvakakosha kuti titarise chimiro chemachubhu, nzvimbo yeradiator uye ukobvu hwemadziro echitsinhanisi chekupisa pakusarudza.

Kuti utsive chikamu, iwe uchadawo kutenga mamwe mapaipi, nokuti marefu marefu achaputika pamakona, izvo zvinotungamirira kumhepo isina kunaka inoyerera mumasilinda. Kuti utsive intercooler, zvakakwana kubvisa radiator yekare, uye panzvimbo iyo kuisa imwe itsva nemapombi akakodzera.

Zvimiro zvekushanda uye zvikonzero zvikuru zvekukundikana

Mazhinji mafekitari intercoolers anoshanda nemazvo kwenguva yakareba. Pasinei neizvi, vachiri kuda nguva nenguva kugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekuongorora kwemaitiro ehurongwa, chimwe chezvikanganiso zvinotevera zvinogona kuzivikanwa:

• Line depressurization. Izvi zvinoitika kana paine kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya muhurongwa. Muchiitiko ichi, kana pombi inogona kuputsika, kana kuti inotonhorera inotanga kubuda pajunction (inoshanda kune intercoolers yemvura). Kusashanda uku kunogona kuratidzwa nekudonha kwesimba rejinjini nekuda kwekusakwana kutonhora kwemhepo inopinda mumasilinda. Muchiitiko chekuputika, mapaipi anofanira kutsiviwa nemitsva, uye zviri nani kusungirira kubatana kwakashata.
• Iyo mhango yemhepo duct yakasvibiswa nemafuta. Iyo shoma shoma yemafuta inogara ichipinda muintercooler nekuda kwekuwanda kwekuzora kweiyo turbine. Kana injini inoshandiswa yakatanga kutora rita rimwe remafuta pamakiromita zviuru gumi, zvakakosha kutarisa kana turbine inotora mafuta akawandisa.
• Radiator kukuvara. Mechanical kukuvadzwa kunowanzo kuwanikwa mumaintercoolers akaiswa muchikamu chezasi chejini compartment (kazhinji vazhinji vanoiisa pasi peiyo huru inotonhorera radiator).
• Yakavharwa zvimbi zve radiator. Sezvo huwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo hunogara huchipfuura kuburikidza nekupisa kupisa, tsvina inooneka pamahwendefa ayo. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika munguva yechando kana muchirimo, apo yakawanda yejecha nemakemikari inowira paradiator, iri pasi pebumper yepamberi, iyo migwagwa inosaswa nayo.

Ita-iwe-iwe pachako kugadzirisa intercooler

Kugadzirisa iyo intercooler, inofanira kubviswa. Izvo zvinyengeri zvemuitiro uyu zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa uye nzvimbo yacho. Asi zvisinei neizvi, zvakakosha kubvisa iyo intercooler pane inotonhora injini, uye iyo ignition system inofanira kudzimwa.

Kuti ugadzirise intercooler, ungada:

• Kucheneswa kwekunze kana kwemukati kweanopisa kupisa. Makemikari akasiyana akagadzirwa kuti aite maitiro aya. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuchenesa uye kuomarara kwedhizaini dhizaini, maitiro ekuchenesa anogona kutora maawa akati wandei. Kana iyo inopisa inopisa yakasviba zvikuru, inodzikiswa mumudziyo une mumiririri wekuchenesa kwemaawa akawanda.
• Kubviswa kwekutsemuka. Kana iyo intercooler iri mvura, uye radiator yayo yakagadzirwa nealuminium, zvino zvinokurudzirwa kuitsiva neimwe itsva. Kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakashandiswa, soldering inogona kushandiswa. Zvakakosha kuti zvinhu zvechigamba zvienderane nesimbi iyo iyo inopisa inopisa pachayo inogadzirwa.

Kugadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji e-intercooler, hapana chikonzero chekubata nzvimbo dzinodhura dzebasa. Kana iwe uine ruzivo rwekutengesa radiators, saka kunyange kukuvadzwa kwemagetsi kune inopisa kupisa kunogona kubviswa iwe pachako. Iwe unogona kutarisa kuti iyo intercooler yakagadziriswa sei panguva yerwendo. Kana mota yawanazve simba rayo rekare, saka kutonhora kwemhepo kwemota kunoshanda.

Zvakanakira uye kuipa kwekushandisa intercooler

Kubatsira kukuru kwekushandisa intercooler kuwedzera simba reinjini ye turbocharged pasina mhedzisiro isingafadzi nekuda kwekukanganisa kwekugadzirisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuwedzera kwebhiza hakuzobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwemafuta akawanda.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuwedzera kwesimba kunosvika 20 muzana kunoonekwa. Kana iyo mota yakatariswa kutevedzera zvakatipoteredza zviyero, zvino nhamba iyi mushure mekuisa iyo intercooler ichave yakakwira sezvinobvira.

Asi nemabhenefiti ayo, iyo intercooler ine akati wandei akakosha kukanganisa:

1. Kuwedzera kwekutora turakiti (kana iyi sisitimu isiri chikamu cheyakajairwa midziyo) nguva dzose inotungamira pakusikwa kwekupokana nemhepo inopinda injini. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai, turbine yakajairwa inozoda kukunda chipingamupinyi ichi kuitira kuti uwane iyo inodiwa nhanho yekusimudzira.
2. Kana iyo intercooler isiri chikamu chekugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi, ipapo imwe nzvimbo inodiwa kuti uiise. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, nzvimbo iyi iri pasi pebhampa yepamberi, uye iyi haisi nguva dzose yakanaka.
3. Paunenge uchiisa radiator pasi pebhampa yekumberi, ichi chekuwedzera chinhu chinowanzo kuvadza, sezvo inova iyo yakaderera poindi mumotokari. Matombo, tsvina, huruva, uswa, etc. zvichava musoro chaiwo kumuridzi wemota.
4. Kana iyo intercooler yakaiswa munzvimbo yefender, inotsvedza inozoda kuchekwa muhodhi kuti igare yakawedzera mhepo.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Heino vhidhiyo pfupi pfupiso yekushanda kwemhepo intercoolers:

Front Intercooler! Chii, sei uye nei?

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi dizeli inotonhorera? Sezviri muinjini yepeturu, basa reintercooler mudhiziri nderekutonhodza mhepo inopinda mumasirinda. Izvi zvinoita kuti mweya wakawanda upinde mukati.

Intercooler radiator inoshanda sei? Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo radiator yakafanana neyemukati inopisa injini inotonhorera radiator. Mukati me intercooler chete ndipo panopinda mhepo nemotor.

Anodzora simba anowedzera sei? Zvinoenderana nehunhu hwemota. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, injini inopisa mukati inoratidza kuwedzera kwesimba kusvika ku20 muzana. Muinjini dzedhiziri, radiator inoiswa pakati pe compressor uye manifold ekutora.

ЧChii chichaitika kana intercooler yakavharwa? Kana iyo inotonhorera iyo turbocharger, inokanganisa kushanda kweiyo supercharger, izvo zvinozotungamira mukukundikana kwayo. Kana intercooler inoshandiswa kutonhodza mhepo, pachave nekuyerera kwakashata kuburikidza neradiator yakavharwa.