Irkut inodenha hofori. MS-21 inoratidzwa muIrkutsk
Mutungamiri weRussia Dmitry Medvedev anozivisa MC-21-300, ndege huru yekutanga yeRussia muchikamu chechina chezana remakore, iyo vanhu vekuRussia vanoda kukwikwidzana neAirbus A320 uye Boeing 737. Pyotr Butovsky
Musi waChikumi 8, 2016, muIrkutsk iri kure kuLake Baikal, mune hangar yeIAZ chirimwa (Irkutsk Aviation Plant), ndege nyowani MS-21-300 yakatanga kuratidzwa, iyo Irkut Corporation inopikisa Airbus A320 uye Boeing 737. MS-21-300 - basic, 163-seat version yeramangwana ndege yeMS-21 mhuri. Ndege iyi iri kutarisirwa kusimuka mukutanga kwegore rinouya.
Mhemberero iyi yakapindwa neMutungamiriri weHurumende yeRussia Dmitry Medvedev, achisimbisa tariro iyo hurumende yeRussia inoisa mundege iyi. MS-21 ndeimwe yeazvino ndege munyika, ndege inotakura yezana ramakore rechi21. Tinodada zvikuru kuti yakasikwa munyika yedu. Medvedev akataura zvakasiyana nevatengesi vekunze vanobatanidzwa muchirongwa cheMS-XNUMX. Izvo zvakakosha kwatiri kuti, pamusoro pevagadziri vedu vepamusoro ndege, makambani mazhinji ekunze akatora chikamu muchirongwa ichi. Tinokwazisa vanamuzvinabhizimisi vanoshanda muRussia, varimowo muhoro ino nhasi uye vari kuita budiriro huru pamwe chete nenyika yedu.
MS-21 inofanira kunge iri chigadzirwa chekubudirira. Vanhu vokuRussia vanonzwisisa kuti kuwedzera imwe purojekiti yakafanana pedyo neAirbus 320 uye Boeing 737 (pamwe chete neChinese C919 itsva) haizomiri mukana wekubudirira. Kuti MC-21 ibudirire, inofanirwa kunge iri nani pane makwikwi. Zvishuvo zvikuru zvatove kuoneka muzita rendege: MS-21 ndiyo ndege huru yeRussia yezana ramakore rechi21. Chaizvoizvo, izwi rechiCyrillic MS rinofanira kududzirwa seMS, uye ndiwo madanirwo arakaitwa mune zvekutanga zvinyorwa zvekune dzimwe nyika, asi Irkut yakakurumidza kuisa zvinhu muhurongwa uye yakasarudza kudomwa kwepasi rose kweprojekti yavo seMS-21.
Chinangwa chakaiswa zvakajeka: iyo yakananga mari yekushandisa yeMC-21 ndege inofanira kunge iri 12-15% yakaderera pane yeakanakisa ndege yemazuva ano yekirasi iyi (Airbus A320 inotorwa semuenzaniso), nepo kushandiswa kwemafuta kuri 24%. pazasi. Kuenzaniswa neA320neo yakakwidziridzwa, iyo MC-1000 inotarisirwa kushandisa 1852% yakaderera peturu munzira yakajairwa 21 nautical mamaira (8 km) nzira, ine 5% yakaderera yakananga mari yekushandisa. Ichokwadi, mumashoko eIrkut, mari yekushanda ndeye 12-15% yakaderera, sezvo mafuta aidhura zvakapetwa kaviri sezvazviri iye zvino, izvo zvinomutsa kusava nechokwadi. Nemutengo wakaderera wemafuta, mutsauko wemitengo yekushanda pakati pezvino nendege yechizvarwa chinotevera inofanira kuderera.
Panguva yekuratidzwa kweMS-21, Mutungamiriri weUnited Aviation Corporation (UAC), Yuri Slyusar, akataura pamusangano wevatori venhau kuti kukwikwidza neAirbus neBoeing hakuzove nyore, asi isu tinotenda kuti ndege yedu ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. makwikwi mukirasi yayo. class. Pakarepo mushure memhemberero, iyo Azerbaijani ndege AZAL yakasaina memorandamu neIFC leasing kambani pane inogoneka yegumi MS-10 ndege kubva pamakumi mashanu yakamborairwa neIFC kubva kuIrkut.
Bapiro refu remubatanidzwa
Mhinduro inonyanya kukosha yekudzikisa kudyiwa kwemafuta ndeye yakaoma aerodynamics yehutsva hutsva 11,5 high aspect ratio bapiro uye saka yakakwirira aerodynamic kunyatsoshanda. Pakumhanya kweMa = 0,78, kushanda kwayo kweaerodynamic i5,1% iri nani pane iyo yeA320, uye 6,0% iri nani pane iyo ye737NG; pakumhanya Ma = 0,8, mutsauko wakatokura, 6% uye 7%, zvichiteerana. Izvo hazvigoneke kugadzira bapiro rakadaro uchishandisa classical metallurgical tekinoroji (kunyanya, ingave inorema kwazvo), saka inofanirwa kuve yakaumbwa. Zvinhu zvakaumbwa, izvo zvinoumba 35-37% yehuremu hweMS-21 airframe, zvakareruka, uye Irkut anoti nekutenda kwavari, huremu husina chinhu hwendege pamutakuri hunosvika 5% kuderera pane iyo yeA320, uye inopfuura 8% yakaderera. kupfuura iyo A320neo (asi zvakare inenge 2% kupfuura iyo 737).
Makore mashomanana apfuura, apo purogiramu yeMS-21 yakanga ichangotanga, mutungamiri weIrkut Corporation, Oleg Demchenko, akati MS-21 yakatarisana nemabasa maviri makuru etekinoroji: zvinhu zvinosanganiswa uye injini. Tichadzokera kune injini gare gare; uye zvino nezve macomposites. Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa muzvikamu zvidiki zvevatyairi vendege - fairings, zvivharo, zvidzoreso - zvanga zvisiri zvitsva kwemakumi emakore akati wandei. Nekudaro, zvimiro zvesimba zvakaumbwa chinhu chitsva chemakore achangopfuura. Kubudirira kwakauya neBoeing 787 Dreamliner, iyo inogadzirwa inenge yakazara nezvinhu zvakasanganiswa, ichiteverwa neAirbus 350. Bombardier CSeries diki ine bapiro rakaumbwa, seMC-21.
